卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤的螺旋CT诊断

目的 分析卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤的螺旋CT表现. 资料与方法 回顾性分析33例经手术病理证实的卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤的螺旋CT表现. 结果 卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤共有35个.单纯囊性瘤体4个.卵巢实质包绕肿块6个,卵巢静脉征24个.肿瘤内有脂肪密度影31个,伴脂液平面4个.瘤体内局灶性头结节15个,浮球征3个,瘤体囊壁钙化15个,囊内牙齿、钙化、骨骼18个,瘤体内软组织密度3个,瘤体破裂2个,瘤体扭转2个,恶变1个. 结论 螺旋CT有助于诊断大多数典型卵巢成熟畸胎瘤.     

卵巢混合性生殖细胞瘤与成熟畸胎瘤伴中期妊娠1例报道及文献复习

女性卵巢混合性生殖细胞瘤是一种罕见的侵袭性强、进展快的高度恶性肿瘤,由于其病变广泛,累及盆腔脏器,目前尚没有统一、有效的化疗方案,因此预后极差。笔者报告2006年援非期间,一位女性卵巢混合性生殖细胞瘤同时合并成熟畸胎瘤伴中期妊娠病例资料及随访情况,并结合文献复习,分析卵巢混合性生殖细胞瘤的临床特点、病理特点、辅助检查、诊断要点,为该病的临床诊断和治疗提供经验依据,其发病机制及治疗方法仍有待探讨。     

冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应

目的 探讨冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应.方法 将36只性成熟雌性小白鼠随机分为新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组,每组12只.新鲜移植组小鼠切除双侧卵巢,将卵巢切成小组织块,立即移植人双侧肾被膜下;冻融移植组小鼠切除双侧卵巢,将卵巢切成小组织块,采用玻璃化冷冻方法冷冻保存,2周后将冷冻卵巢组织复苏,移植入小鼠双侧肾被膜下.卵巢组织移植2周后,新鲜移植组和冻融移植组每组随机取6只小鼠应用7.5 IU人绝经期促性腺激素及10 IU绒毛膜促性腺激素,观察移植后的卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应.同时应用免疫组化染色方法观察各组卵泡中卵泡刺激素受体的表达情况.结果 新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组未应用促性腺激素小鼠卵巢组织内近成熟卵泡百分率分别为2.3%、2.3%和2.6%,应用促性腺激素小鼠卵巢组织内近成熟卵泡百分率分别为4.2%、4.0%和5.8%,各组内分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);新鲜移植组和冻融移植组与对照组比较,差异均元统计学意义(P＞0.05).新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组卵泡刺激素受体表达积分吸光度值在窦状卵泡中分别为9408±2777、9175±3093和8838±2064,在窦前卵泡中分别为4531±1903、4808±1386和5516±1136,各组间分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 卵巢组织冷冻保存、复苏及移植过程未影响卵巢卵泡刺激素受体的表达,冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对外源性促性腺激素的反应未受冷冻、复苏及移植等过程影响.     

吸烟和缺碘对育龄妇女甲状腺和卵巢功能联合作用

采用析因分析观察缺碘（ID）和吸烟（SI）对育龄妇女甲状腺和卵巢功能的联合作用。结果表明：ID和SI双因素使血液中游离甲状腺素（FT4）和雌二醇（E2）含量明显降低，FT3、促甲状腺素（TSH）和甲状腺球蛋白（TG）含量明显增高（P均＜0．01），SI亦有类似作用。提示：缺碘者吸烟会干扰女性卵细胞发育，对受孕和胚胎缺碘会造成潜在影响，对她们进行碘保护尤为重要。     

The effects of Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) on the immune system: its molecular mechanisms of action

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the immunomodulatory effects of Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) in vitro and in vivo in mice. In vitro, Tahitian Noni Juice (TNJ) and Noni fruit juice concentrates (NFJC) (1, 5mg/mL) potently activate cannabinoid 2 (CB2), but inhibit cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors in a concentration-dependant manner. In vivo, oral administration of TNJ ad libitum for 16 days decreased the production of IL-4, but increased the production of IFN-gamma. These results suggest that noni modulates the immune system via activating of the CB2 receptors, and suppressing of the IL-4, but increasing the production of IFN-gamma cytokines. It may also exert beneficial immunomodulation effects in conditions involving inadequate immune responses.     

电针配合耳穴贴压对肥胖伴多囊卵巢综合征患者血清胰岛素及睾酮的影响

目的:评价针刺配合耳穴贴压对肥胖女性伴多囊卵巢综合征的疗效,探讨其机制.方法:采用电针及耳穴贴压治疗肥胖女性伴有多囊卵巢综合征39例,体穴取天枢、丰隆、关元、四满等穴,耳穴取口、胃、脾等.3个疗程后,将患者疗效,治疗前后的体质量指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)以及血清中胰岛素(Ins)、睾酮(T)的变化进行对比.结果:39例患者中痊愈10例,有效25例,无效4例,总有效率达89.7%;患者的BMI、WC、Ins、T与治疗前对比均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论:电针、耳穴贴压对肥胖女性伴有多囊卵巢综合征有较好的临床疗效,其治疗机制可能是通过对患者血清中胰岛素和睾酮的调节来实现的.     

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its therapeutic potential in breast and gynecologic cancers

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between the apoptotic pathway and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising area of scientific interest for cancer researchers. TRAIL-receptor-activating agents have demonstrated favorable in vitro and in vivo activity for the treatment of several malignancies including breast and gynecologic cancers. METHODS: This article reviews the available peer-reviewed literature and our own institution's experience with specific TRAIL-receptor-activating agents. Emphasis was placed on the apoptotic/TRAIL mechanism, preclinical evaluation, and phase I studies in various malignancies. RESULTS: Preclinical and early phase I studies indicate that these novel agents are safe with enhanced target specificity for malignancy. When these targeted agents are combined with conventional chemotherapy drugs or radiation therapy, they appear to increase cell death over single-agent modalities. CONCLUSIONS: TRAIL-receptor-activating agents represent an exciting new class of targeted therapies that hold promise to improve the treatment of women with breast and gynecologic malignancies.     

Acute effects of cadmium on preovulatory serum FSH, LH, and prolactin levels and on ovulation and ovarian hormone secretion in estrous rats

On the day of diestrus II CFY rats were given 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) or 1.0 mL/kg of 0.9% NaCl. On the next day a group of animals was anesthetized with pentobarbital and blood was collected from the aorta at 13:00, 15:00, 16:30, or 18:00 h. for FSH, LH, prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P), and estradiol-17β (E₂) determination. On the day of the expected estrus, the second group of animals was anesthetized with pentobarbital and cannulas were inserted in one of the femoral arteries and veins, and in one of the utero-ovarian veins. Five-minute blood fractions were collected from the ovary for 40 min, and following the first blood samples, 10 IU hCG was injected iv. Ovarian venous outflow and blood pressure were continuously recorded. From the blood fractions, P and E₂ were determined, and their secretion rates were calculated. In a third group of treated animals, the ovaries were excised for histological examination, and oviducts were flushed for counting oocytes. CdCl₂ in the dose of 10 or 15 mg/kg increased the PRL serum levels at 13:00 h; it diminished FSH serum levels in the dose of 10 mg/kg and LH serum levels in the doses of 10 and 15 mg/kg at 15:00 h. The decrease in LH levels continued until 16:30 h in the dose of 10 mg/kg CdCl₂. In estrous animals, CdCl₂ did not influence the blood pressure and ovarian blood flow. In animals receiving 10 or 15 mg/kg CdCl₂, a decrease in basal secretion of P occurred. The hCG induced a rapid rise in P secretion of controls; the 5 mg/kg CdCl₂ diminished the effect of hCG, and the 10 and 15 mg/kg completely abolished it, but failed to influence the basal secretion of E₂ and its response to hCG. CdCl₂ prevented ovulation in 40% to 50% of the animals; however, when ovulation occurred, normal oocyte numbers were found. No alteration could be observed in the light microscopic histology of ovary.     

B超监测产后哺乳妇女排卵、子宫复旧和卵巢变化

目的:观察产后哺乳妇女首次排卵日,了解产后哺乳妇女卵巢变化及子宫体复旧情况,为产后哺乳妇女避孕节育措施的应用提供科学数据。方法:连续腹部B超探查101例产后哺乳妇女子宫体复旧、卵巢变化及排卵情况,辅以基础体温(BBT)测量及宫颈粘液评分。结果:53例(52.5％)B超监测到大于1.8cm卵泡,平均在产后154天(5.1个月),其中32例(60.4％;32/53)卵泡大于1.8cm后萎缩,结合BBT及宫颈粘液评分,提示排卵多为黄体功能不全。产后4个月内B超监测首次排卵为10.9％(11/101),4个月后排卵率为41.6％(42/101)。给婴儿添加辅食时间与月经复潮时间及首次排卵时间呈显著正相关(n=100,r=0.4764,P<0.01及n=53,r=0.5554,P<0.01)。产后61～90天(B组)子宫体明显比42～60天(A组)减小,91～120天(C组)及121～150天(D组)均明显比A组和B组减小(P<0.05～0.01),而151天以后各组(E组、F组及G组)间比较均无明显差异,但均明显小于A、B、C、D各组(P<0.01)。卵巢B超测量,产后151～210天(C组)及210天以上(G组)两组均明显比A组和B组增大。结论:添加辅食对产后月经复潮及排卵有较大影响。建议产后妇女在母乳喂养为主的情况下,自行选择避孕措施以产后60天为宜,落实具体实施情况应在产后4个月开始;延长母乳喂养时间是一种有效的避孕方法。产后哺乳妇?