A retrospective study on the use of oral morphine in cancer pain

The authors report a retrospective study of 390 cancer pain patients tested with oral morphine during a four-month period. Initial pain scores were reduced to one half after one week of treatment and then maintained throughout the study period. Mean daily dosages of morphine were lower in those patients 65 years and older. No significant changes in performance in relation to therapy were noted except for an increase in hours of sleep. An accurate titration of dosage and continued control of side effects are the main requirements of this method of administration. The presence of side effects and the cause of interruption of treatment are reported.     

应用人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜上皮的实验研究

目的 研究人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜移植生长的生物学特性，为组织工程化尿道提供新材料。方法 将人自体血清培养黏膜移植于裸鼠体内，分别于移植后2、3、4、6周观察培养黏膜生长与转归，应用anti—HLA免疫荧光鉴定成活黏膜组织属性，应用抗人Ⅳ型胶原及抗人层黏蛋白为基底膜形成指标。结果 裸鼠体内移植培养黏膜成活生长分化良好，anti—HLA免疫荧光证实为移植的培养人黏膜组织；免疫组化发现移植后3周开始形成基底膜，4周形成完整的基底膜。结论 自体血清培养的人口腔黏膜可形成功能完整的上皮组织。     

Local and central sympathetic reflex control of blood flow in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue in normal man

Summary. The effect of age and sex on relative changes in blood flow and vascular resistance in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue during postural changes and during local increase in transmural pressure was studied in 33 healthy subjects. The intra-individual variation was studied in five subjects. Blood flow was measured by the local ¹³³Xenon wash-out method. No relation to age or sex was seen in the centrally elicited sympathetic vasoconstrictor responses in subcutaneous tissue and skeletal muscle and in the locally elicited vasoconstriction in subcutaneous tissue. A small, but statistically significant, correlation to sex and age was found in the local sympathetic vasoconstrictor response in skeletal muscle. The age correlation was caused only by an attenuated response in the young subjects below 40 years of age and may be fortuitous. The intra-individual variation was acceptably small. Based on the present results, a reduction in blood flow in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue during centrally or locally elicited sympathetic vasoconstriction of 10% or less should be considered abnormal. The local ¹³³Xenon wash-out method is of value in examining patients suspected of dysfunction in the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system.     

小柴胡汤口服液药效作用的研究

观察了小柴胡汤口服液的主要药理作用。研究表明,小柴胡汤口服液有显著抑制角叉菜胶诱发的大鼠踝关节水肿(p<0.05),保护四氯化碳所致的大鼠急性肝功能损害,有极显著降低血清SGPT及LDH的作用(P<0.01)。对家兔发热反应也有较好的抑制作用。此外,小柴胡汤口服液对小鼠兔疫反应也有一定的增强作用,可促进小鼠碳粒廓清速率,提高血清溶血素水平及增强鸡红细胞所致的迟发性过敏反应。     

复方决明子口服液的制备工艺研究

目的 :用正交法优选复方决明子口服液的最佳工艺条件。方法 :以决明子中蒽醌的含量及浸出物的含量为指标 ,应用L9(3′)正交试验法优选复方决明子口服液的最佳工艺条件。结果 :最佳提取条件为 :加 1 0倍量水 ,煎煮 3次 ,每次 1 .5h。结论 :优越工艺验证表明 ,最佳提取工艺为A1 B2 C1 。说明优选工艺稳定可靠。     

Failure of oral implants: aetiology, symptoms and influencing factors

The use of oral implants opened a wide range of prosthetic treatment possibilities in edentulous patients. Although the reported success rates of oral implants are high, failures do occur. This paper reviews the current knowledge about the aetiology, the signs and symptoms and the possible influencing factors of implant failure. Possible causes of implant failure are thought to be infection of the periimplant tissues, occlusal overload, or a combination of both. Nevertheless, pinpointing one of these as the aetiological factor in a particular case is difficult and should be handled reluctantly. Although the cause might seem obvious, influencing factors could play a role as well. Gaining insight into these processes might stimulate the adoption of preventive action and therefore increase the predictability of the treatment outcome with oral implants. Received: 4 April 1997 / Accepted: 27 November 1997     

The Heartbeat Award Scheme: an evaluation of catering practices

The Heartbeat Award Scheme was launched in England in 1990 by the Health Education Authority as part of the national strategy to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. To date there has been no formal evaluation of the impact the award has had on catering practices. This study aimed to compare the differences between those premises with and without the award with regard to their catering practices. All Heartbeat premises (497) within the former Wessex region, along with 495 control premises without the award, were sent postal questionnaires. A total of 380 premises with the award and 306 premises without responded, representing a response rate of 77% and 62%, respectively. Respondents were grouped into one of three categories: public eating places, workplaces or educational establishments. Differences were found between award and non-award holders, particularly with regard to the provision of healthy food, including brown rice and semi/skimmed milk, healthy options available to the consumer and commitment to healthy eating. While this research suggests that the award scheme may be increasing consumer choice, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the impact of the scheme on eating habits.     

Ultrastructure of lentigo maligna in the oral cavity

A rare case of lentigo maligna in the oral cavity was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Cutaneous lentigo malignas often develop to malignant melanomas. However, the electron microscopic examination revealed that even though there were a large number of melanosomes, most of them were late stage and had membrane structure, and positive staining with HMB-45 was not recognized. From our findings, it is difficult to conclude that oral lentigo malignas develop malignant melanomas, and thus further studies are needed.     

大肠菌群MPN检测法在药品微生物限度检查中的应用

采用大肠菌群作为卫生指示菌,对口服药品进行细菌学检验,实验结果表明有利于口服药品染菌状况的监督与控制。