乳腺恶性淋巴瘤形态学及免疫组织化学研究

目的:研究乳腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的组织形态特点及免疫表型.方法:对17例乳腺NHL作形态学分析,其中11例进行了免疫学标记.结果:13例为原发性,4例为继发性.8例(47.06%)见“淋巴上皮病变”,13例(76.47%)见肿瘤浸润脉管,4例(23.53%)伴有“淋巴细胞性乳腺病”,3例(17.65%)见局部瘤细胞呈靶环样排列.免疫组化示16例(94.12%)为B细胞NHL,其中2例(12.50%)KP1阳性,1例(6.25%)UCHL-1阳性.结论:(1)大多数乳腺原发性NHL为MALT型淋巴瘤;(2)淋巴细胞性乳腺病可能是一些乳腺NHL的前驱病变;(3)少数B细胞NHL能与KP1或UCHL-1发生交叉反应.     

The correlation between morphology and implantation of euploid human blastocysts

Research question

Does the composite morphology score or a particular developmental component (expansion stage, inner cell mass [ICM] or trophectoderm [TE]) of euploid blastocysts undergoing single frozen embryo transfer (FET) impact ongoing pregnancy/live birth (OP/LB) rates?

鼻咽内窥镜对咽鼓管咽口的形态学观察

目的对正常成人咽鼓管咽口进行观察，找出可以描述咽鼓管咽口的量化指标，为进一步研究奠定基础。方法利用鼻咽内窥镜观察并录像记录５８例正常成人咽鼓管咽口。分别用０°，３０°，６０°，９０°内窥镜观察鼻咽部和咽鼓管咽口。结果经比较认为，６０°内窥镜是观察咽口及鼻咽侧壁的最佳角度。该角度镜面与咽口平面平行，观察咽口最直观，对于咽口处于开放状态时，此角度能窥及管内情况。而且通过镜面的旋转和上下左右移动，可以清楚地观察圆枕、前唇、提肌隆突、咽隐窝和下鼻甲后端在鼻腔侧壁的附着处。０°镜观察鼻咽顶壁和后壁视野清晰。结论提出：①提肌隆突在咽口内形成的弓形皱襞的前缘与鼻腔外侧壁的夹角，②提肌隆突后缘与咽口前壁的夹角，③圆枕与咽口前唇的相对厚度，④咽口静止时的开放状态及⑤吞咽时咽口的运动方式作为描述咽口形态的量化指标，并以此为根据，将咽口形态分为椭圆形２．６％，喇叭形１９．８％，三角形６８．１％，缝隙形９．５％。本研究为计算机辅助图像分析咽鼓管咽口形态奠定基础     

Peripheral neuropathy in mutant diabetic mouse [C57BL/Ks (db/db)]

Summary A new animal model for the study of diabetic neuropathy is presented. The homozygote (db/db) of the mouse strain C57BL/Ks shows severe diabetes with longstanding hyperglycemia. Electrophysiological studies showed severely decreased motor nerve conduction velocity. Morphometric examination of sensory and motor nerves at different levels revealed absence of large myelinated fibers, with morphological features indicative of axonal atrophy.Supported by Grant No. MA-5857 from the Medical Research Council of Canada     

Miscegenation and the prevalence of three-rooted mandibular first molars in the Baffin Eskimo

abstract A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of three-rooted first mandibular molars (3RM1) in 125 schoolchildren, aged 7–9 years, of Eskimo, Eskimo-Caucasian and Caucasian parentage. The pure Eskimo group had a prevalence of 21.7 % 3RM1 compared with 16.6 % for the half-Eskimo group. This difference was not statistically significant. No instance of 3RM1 was recorded in the Caucasian children. The significance of the results concerning the pertinence of Eskimo dental characteristics is discussed.     

血脾屏障形态学的实验研究

目的 探讨血脾屏障的形态学特征,研究其组成和变化规律,确立血脾屏障的概念。方法选用Wistar大鼠30只,其中10只经尾静脉注射碳粒。取脾脏组织制作病理切片进行HE染色、Foot染色、Masson染色、免疫组织化学染色(CD68、CD34)及透射电镜病理,观察血脾屏障的形态结构特征。结果碳粒在脾脏中围绕血脾屏障形成环状分布。巨噬细胞,血管内皮细胞,胶原纤维及网状组织在血脾屏障中均有特征性分布。结论血脾屏障是位于边缘区,环绕白髓存在的,窦周血管内皮细胞及其基膜、巨噬细胞、网状细胞和网状纤维(网状组织)及胶原纤维组成的生物屏障,它通过细胞间较致密结合的机械屏障作用和巨噬细胞的生物吞噬作用发挥抗原滤过作用,维持白髓的内环境稳态。它随生发中心的形成而逐渐成熟,通透性发生变化。     

国产乌头类生药榜嘎类和牛扁类的形态组织学研究

本文报道榜嘎类包括两种乌头:船盔乌头Aconitum naviculare Stapf和甘青乌头A.tanguticum Stapf及牛扁类包括五种乌头:牛扁乌头A.barbatum var.puberulum Ledeb.、高乌头A.sinomontanum Nakai、空茎乌头A.apetalum B.Fedtsch.、赣皖乌头A.finetianum Hand.-Mazz.、花葶乌头A.scaposum Franch.根部的形态与组织构造研究,结果表明这两类共七种乌头可根据生药外形及显微特征进行鉴别。     

Morphological studies about the efficiency of laser beams upon the structures of the angle of the anterior chamber

Working at a power density above optical breakdown threshold, irradiation effects upon the angle of the anterior chamber of the Macaca speciosa monkey by a Nd glass Q-switched laser, have been analysed with scanning electron microscopy.Two different damage effects can be identified: openings of Schlemm's canal and the creation of a cyclodialysis, that is opening the uveoscleral outflow routes; the latter may be a more effective one than the former. Also a third mechanism, namely a structural alteration of the trabecular meshwork, at the molecular level by laser action, has been inferred. The physical effects leading to optically induced mechanical damage are discussed. Applicability of such effects upon the morphological findings described here, is limited and to a greater part speculative. A better definition of the physical parameters, required for optimal therapeutical damage effects in the treatment of the wide angle glaucoma may be obtained by trial and error methods, which are guided by the results of electron microscopical analyses of samples obtained from in vivo and in vitro experiments.Work supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, the Commission for the Promotion of Scientific Research, and the ASUAG.     

Schwann cell behavior in three-dimensional collagen gels: evidence for differential mechano-transduction and the influence of TGF-beta 1 in morphological polarization and differentiation

Schwann cells (SCs) cultured on and within magnetically aligned collagen gels were examined for their abilities to spread and exhibit contact guidance, two functions that are relevant to their potential enhancement of neurite migration and regeneration in entubulation repair of transection-type nerve injuries. Cells seeded at or near the surfaces of gels abandoned their initially spherical shapes, adopting spread morphologies rapidly compared to cells within the gels. Those few cells within the gels that did spread exhibited marked contact guidance responses, aligning strongly with the aligned collagen fibrils. Spreading of cells in gels could not be induced by varied cell concentration, collagen density, mitogen presence, inclusion of soluble laminin, or use of fibrin gel in lieu of collagen. However, cells that settled at the interface between collagen gel layers during gellation of the top layer above a preformed bottom layer were highly spread. This suggests that a differential mechanical interaction across the cell at an interface, where at least one surface presents constituents of the basal lamina, permits the Schwann cell to rapidly revert to a spread, differentiated phenotype. Unlike other reagents, TGF-beta1 was able to induce significant SC spreading as early as 4 h post-seeding. Consistent with the differential-mechanical cue mechanism, TGF-beta1 appears to facilitate this response, at least in part, by upregulating beta1 integrin expression, thereby enabling the SC to more acutely detect these local cues in the mechanical environment.     

Reconstructing the evolution of the respiratory apparatus in tetrapods

The structural type of a lung for animals that are derived from a single ancestral group can be characterized using extant phylogenetic bracketing. Functional morphological approximation can then be used to provide further information on the functional attributes. Combining information from diverse sources, plausible explanations are deduced for the respiratory apparatus of extinct species. The air-breathing apparatus of tetrapods has its origin in gill breathing. The lungs of the first tetrapods were probably long and consisted of a single series of parenchyma-filled chambers, arranged along an intrapulmonary duct. The duct gave rise to a broad central lumen in anurans. In amniotes a cartilaginous reinforcement evolved. The septate nature of the gas-exchange tissue (parenchyma) is recognizable in all tetrapods except birds. Active expiration began with the origin of transverse body wall musculature in amphibians, whereas active, negative-pressure inspiration is seen only in amniotes. The functional transition of trunk musculature from locomotor to respiratory is most complete in birds.