高校学生常见心理疾病及干预措施浅析

高校学生的心理正处于迅速走向成熟的阶段，是心理疾病高发群体，常见的心理疾病主要为神经症、精神分裂症、心身疾病、人格障碍及性行为异常。针对日趋严重的大学生心理问题，高校相关部门应重视加强大学生心理方面的健康教育，以预防大学生心理疾病的发生。     

Anisotropic Bladder Planning Target Volume in Bladder Radiation Therapy

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate 3 planning target volume (PTV) margin expansions and determine the most appropriate volume to be used in bladder preservation therapy when using daily cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). We aimed to establish whether a smaller PTV expansion is feasible without risking geographical miss.

HIV Protease: Historical Perspective and Current Research

The retroviral protease of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an excellent target for antiviral inhibitors for treating HIV/AIDS. Despite the efficacy of therapy, current efforts to control the disease are undermined by the growing threat posed by drug resistance. This review covers the historical background of studies on the structure and function of HIV protease, the subsequent development of antiviral inhibitors, and recent studies on drug-resistant protease variants. We highlight the important contributions of Dr. Stephen Oroszlan to fundamental knowledge about the function of the HIV protease and other retroviral proteases. These studies, along with those of his colleagues, laid the foundations for the design of clinical inhibitors of HIV protease. The drug-resistant protease variants also provide an excellent model for investigating the molecular mechanisms and evolution of resistance.     

Reactivation of heat-inactivated Ku proteins by heat shock cognate protein HSC73

Purpose: Mouse double-stranded DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity is heat sensitive. Recovery of heat-inactivated DNA repair activity is a problem after combination therapy with radiation and heat. We investigated the mechanism of recovery of heat-inactivated DNA-PK activity.

Methods: Hybrid cells containing a fragment of human chromosome 8 in scid cells (RD13B2) were used. DNA-PK activity was measured by an in vitro assay. Immunoprecipitation of the nuclear extract was performed with an anti-Ku80 antibody. Proteins co-precipitated with Ku80 were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and detected by Western blotting using anti-heat shock protein (HSP)72 and anti-heat shock cognate protein (HSC)73 antibodies. HSC73 was overexpressed with the pcDNA3.1 vector. Short hairpin (sh)RNA was used to downregulate HSC73 and HSP72.

Results: The activity of heat-inactivated DNA-PK recovered to about 50% of control during an additional incubation at 37?°C after heat treatment at 44?°C for 15?min in the presence of cycloheximide (which inhibits de novo protein synthesis). Maximal recovery was observed within 3?h of incubation at 37?°C after heat treatment. Constitutively expressed HSC73, which folds newly synthesized proteins, reached maximal levels 3?h after heat treatment using a co-immunoprecipitation assay with the Ku80 protein. Inhibiting HSC73, but not HSP72, expression with shRNA decreased the recovery of DNA-PK activity after heat treatment.

Conclusions: These results suggest that de novo protein synthesis is unnecessary for recovery of some heat-inactivated DNA-PK. Rather, it might be reactivated by the molecular chaperone activity of HSC73, but not HSP72.     

PTPN6通过抑制SP1/p38 MAPK信号通路促进前列腺癌细胞的化疗敏感性

目的:研究PTPN6对前列腺癌细胞PC3的作用及其作用机制。方法:RT-PCR和Western blot实验检测前列腺癌组织和细胞以及癌旁组织和人前列腺上皮细胞中PTPN6的表达量；CCK-8和EDU染色实验检测PTPN6对前列腺癌细胞PC3增殖的影响；Western blot实验检测耐药相关蛋白P-gp和MRP-1的蛋白表达水平。结果:RT-PCR和Western blot结果显示，PTPN6在前列腺癌组织和细胞中的表达量显著低于癌旁组织和人前列腺上皮细胞中的表达量；过表达PTPN6显著抑制前列腺癌PC3细胞的增殖，并降低PC3细胞的耐药性；进一步的研究结果表明PTPN6可通过抑制SP1，并抑制p38 MAPK通路抑制PC3细胞的增殖和耐药。结论:PTPN6能够抑制前列腺癌细胞PC3的增殖和耐药，提高其化疗敏感性，作用机制是通过调控SP1/p38 MAPK信号通路来实现的，这一结果能够为临床上前列腺癌的诊断和治疗提供分子基础。     

Policy Recommendations Regarding Skilled Nursing Facility Management of Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19): Lessons from New York State

To provide policy recommendations for managing Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) in skilled nursing facilities, a group of certified medical directors from several facilities in New York state with experience managing the disease used e-mail, phone, and video conferencing to develop consensus recommendations. The resulting document provides recommendations on screening, protection of staff, screening of residents, management of Coronavirus 19 positive and presumed positive cases, communication during an outbreak, management of admissions and readmissions, and providing emotional support for staff. These consensus guidelines have been endorsed by the Executive Board of the New York Medical Directors Association and the Board of the Metropolitan Area Geriatrics Society.     

女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性及保护性因素研究

目的探讨女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性状况及保护性因素，为改善其身心健康提供依据。方法采用心理弹性量表、症状自评量表、艾森克人格问卷、社会支持量表、焦虑及抑郁量表对80例女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者进行问卷调查。结果女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性得分为（54.10±8.27）分，显著低于国内常模（P＜0.05）。患者的一般情况（病程、年龄、文化程度）对心理弹性的预测作用不明显（R2=0.14，F=18.10），当社会支持、SCL-90、人格特质、SAS、SDS进入方程后，对患者的心理弹性具有较明显的预测作用（R2=0.67，△R2=0.46，F=115.22）。结论女性难治性膀胱过度活动症患者心理弹性较差，社会支持、SCL-90、人格特质、焦虑抑郁情绪是其重要的影响因素，应重视患者存在的心理问题，发掘心理弹性的保护性因素并积极干预，促进其身心健康。     

老年人桡骨远端C型骨折的手术治疗与非手术治疗的疗效对比

目的：探讨老年人桡骨远端C型骨折的手术治疗与非手术治疗的疗效差异，评价两种方法的优缺点。方法回顾性分析2009-12—2011-12收治的老年桡骨远端C型骨折68例，按照治疗方法分为A组(手术组)及B组(非手术组)，统计分析两组患者的临床资料。结果 A组33例， B组35例，平均随访21.5个月。两组患者的年龄、骨折类型均无差异(P＞0.05)；术后影像学指标A组优于B组，骨折愈合时间B组优于A组，治疗成本A组大于B组(P＜0.05)；Cooney评分早期A组优于B组，1年后两组无差异，两组的并发症无差异(P＞0.05)。结论老年人桡骨远端C型骨折手术治疗较非手术治疗可获得更好的复位及早期功能，但远期功能恢复无差异。     

Infecciones de transmisión sexual en hombres internos en prisión: riesgo de desarrollo de nuevas infecciones

ObjectiveTo measure incidence and main risk factors related to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Daroca Prison (Zaragoza, Spain).MethodA retrospective cohort study (2005-2013) to measure the incidence of STI and a cross-sectional study to measure risk factors.ResultsOf the 203 inmates, 79 developed an STI, 37 had a previous STI, 55.2% lacked knowledge on STI prevention, and 28.9% showed behaviours unfavourable for STI prevention. The incidence rate was 6.5 STIs per 1,000 inmates-year. The most frequent STIs were hepatitis B (39.7%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (19.1%), herpes simplex (16.2%) and HIV (8.8%). The risk (hazard ratio, HR) of acquiring a new STI was significantly higher in inmates with a history of previous STI (HR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.01 to 6.69), and was at the limit of significance for non-preventive behaviour (HR = 2.10; 95%CI: 0.98 to 4.53), but not in knowledge related to STIs (HR = 1.33; 95%CI: 0.58 to 3.07).ConclusionThe most important risk factors in prison are behaviours related to STIs and previous history of STIs. Other factors are being a repeat offender, injecting drug use, or being in a methadone programme. Health personnel and peer education can facilitate prevention and control.