利用“师生共建科研团队”模式提高医学信息学学生的职业素养

探讨了师生共建科研团队的内涵、实施模式以及取得的成效,指出该模式是培养医学信息技术高素质创新人才的有效途径之一。     

脑出血与脑梗死急性期血压护理干预

目的：探讨脑出血与脑梗死急性期血压临床护理干预。方法：本次研究选择的对象共100例，均为本院2011年6月-2012年6月收治的脑出血与脑梗死患者，实施针对性护理干预，回顾相关临床资料。结果：全部患者病发后7 d内血压水平高于正常，脑梗死者48 h内血压有明显波动，脑出血者血压呈持续升高表现（P<0.05）。第3天、第7天两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经有效护理后，患者总有效率为91%，死亡率为6%。患者护理满意度为98%。结论：加强脑出血与脑梗死急性期护理，可显著降低不良事件发生率，保障护理质量，提高护理满意度，改善血压水平及预后，具有非常积极的应用价值。     

Aural tuberculosis at the start of the 21st century. Literature review according to SWiM guidelines. Part 2: Treatment

ObjectivesSystematic review of the scientific literature dedicated to treatment modalities and results for aural tuberculosis published since the start of the 21^st century.Material and methodsSearch of the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases for the period 2000 - 2020. Selection of articles in English, French and Spanish devoted to clinical cases and series documenting treatment of auricular tuberculosis. Extraction of data on pre-established files documenting treatment modalities and results. Reading of articles by two authors. Analysis performed according to SWiM guidelines, evaluating cure, tuberculosis-related death, treatment-related complications, improvement in facial palsy, and hearing sequelae rates.ResultsOne hundred and twenty eight articles: 118 case reports (159 patients) and 10 cohorts (177 patients) from 42 countries were analyzed. Female/male sex ratio was 1.2 with ages ranging from 1 month to 87 years. Medical treatment consisted in 5 to 24 months’ antitubercular antibiotic treatment using 2 to 8 antibiotics. Mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty and facial nerve decompression were associated to medical treatment in 64.7%, 17.4% and 6.2% of cases, respectively. Overall rates of cure, death, treatment-related complications, facial sequelae and hearing sequelae were 96.8%, 2%, 9.5%, 35.8% and 75.5%. In case reports, BCG vaccination did not appear to protect against facial palsy and severe intracranial complications (P > 0.6). There was no significant correlation (P > 0.3) between death and the clinical variables tested, and facial nerve decompression did not appear to influence outcome for facial function (P = 0.4).ConclusionMedical treatment is very effective but not without risk of death, complications and sequelae. It is the same as for pulmonary tuberculosis. Indications for and benefit of major auricular surgery during medical treatment deserve further studies.     

Dynamic stability margin using a marker based system and Tekscan: A comparison of four gait conditions

Stability during gait is maintained through control of the center of mass (CoM) position and velocity in relation to the base of support (BoS). The dynamic stability margin, or the interaction of the extrapolated center of mass with the closest boundary of the BoS, can reveal possible control errors during gait. The purpose of this study was to investigate a marker based method for defining the BoS, and compare the dynamic stability margin throughout gait in comparison to a BoS defined from foot pressure sensors. The root mean squared difference between these two methodologies ranged from 0.9 cm to 3.5 cm, when walking under four conditions: plantigrade, equinus, everted, and inverted. As the stability margin approaches −35 cm prior to contralateral heel strike, there was approximately 90% agreement between the two systems at this time point. Underestimation of the marker based dynamic stability margin or overestimation of the pressure based dynamic stability margin was due to inaccuracies in defining the medial boundary of the BoS. Overall, care must be taken to ensure similar definitions of the BoS are utilized when comparing the dynamic stability margin between participants and gait conditions.     

隐性思想政治教育在医务工作规范化管理中的重要作用

隐性思想政治教育具有方式的多样性、过程的隐蔽性、内容的丰富性等特征，从而可以在医务工作规范化管理中发挥极其重要的作用，实践中要从明确职责、整合力量、加大投入、科学规划等方面着手促进这种作用的发挥。