某部男性青年科研技术人员血脂水平调查

目的了解某部队长期从事科研试验任务的青年官兵的血脂水平。方法对18786人的静脉血中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（Tc）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、载脂蛋白A1（ApoAl）和载脂蛋白B（ApoB）进行检测,并与中国人血脂指标的合适值范围进行比较。结果TG合适范围的有17959人,边缘升高的有827人;TC合适范围的有6036人,边缘升高的有12750人;HDL—C合适范围的有18495人,降低的有229人,升高的有62人;LDL—C合适范围的有10270人,边缘升高的有8516人;在不同年龄阶段,血脂指标及LDL—C／HDL-C、ApoB／ApoAl的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;随着年龄的增长TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB水平增高,而HDL—C和ApoAl水平下降。结论判断血脂异常不能只看参考值,应结合个体进行综合分析;本研究中虽无血脂异常升高的人员,但是存在边缘升高人员和低HDL-C人员;随着年龄的增长,Tc与LDL—C的增高越明显。     

Inflammatory status modulates plasma lipid and inflammatory marker responses to kiwifruit consumption in hypercholesterolaemic men

Background and aimsKiwifruit has the potential to improve markers of metabolic dysfunction, but the response may be influenced by inflammatory state. We aimed to investigate whether inflammatory state would modulate the effect of consuming two green kiwifruit daily on plasma lipids and markers of inflammation.Methods and resultsEighty-five hypercholesterolaemic men completed a 4-week healthy diet run-in, before randomisation to a controlled cross-over study of two 4-week interventions of two green kiwifruit/day plus healthy diet (intervention) or healthy diet alone (control). Anthropometric measures and fasting blood samples (plasma lipids, serum apolipoproteins A1 and B, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10) were taken at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks. Subjects were divided into low and medium inflammatory groups, using pre-intervention hs-CRP concentrations (hs-CRP <1 and 1–3 mg/L, respectively).In the medium inflammatory group the kiwifruit intervention resulted in significant improvements in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (mean difference 0.08 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.12] mmol/L [P < 0.001]), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (−0.29 [−0.45, −0.14] mmol/L [P = 0.001]), plasma hs-CRP (−22.1 [−33.6, −4.97]% [P = 0.01]) and IL-6 (−43.7 [−63.0, −14.1]% [P = 0.01]) compared to control treatment. No effects were seen in the low inflammatory group. There were significant between inflammation group differences for TC/HDL-C (P = 0.02), triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C (P = 0.05), and plasma IL-6 (P = 0.04).ConclusionsInflammatory state modulated responses to the kiwifruit intervention by improving inflammatory markers and lipid profiles in subjects with modestly elevated CRP, suggesting this group may particularly benefit from the regular consumption of green kiwifruit.Registered 16th March 2010, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (no. ACTRN12610000213044), www.ANZCTR.org.au.     

Impact of parathyroidectomy on cardiovascular risk in primary hyperparathyroidism: A narrative review

AimsPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), one of the most frequent endocrine disorders, is not only associated with bone and kidney disorders but also with increased cardiovascular risk. This cardiovascular risk is not part of the indication for surgery owing to discordant evidence of the effects of parathyroidectomy (PTX), especially in mild PHPT which is the most common presentation of PHPT. This literature review focuses on the effects of PTX on the cardiovascular risk in PHPT. The MEDLINE database was searched via the PubMed interface, selecting relevant articles published after 1990 in English.Data synthesisIn the most recent series, PTX appeared to have a positive impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Surgery improves arterial hypertension, markers of glucose homeostasis, vascular and cardiac remodeling and electrocardiographic impairments due to classical PHPT. However, the results of surgery on mild PHPT are conflicting.ConclusionsPTX seems to improve cardiovascular risk in patients presenting the classical form of PHPT. This improvement is correlated with preoperative serum calcium and/or PTH level, depending on the cardiovascular risk factor. However, many aspects of this improvement are not fully understood. Future studies should assess the effects of PTX on nocturnal hypertension, cardiac morphology and functions. The results for mild PHPT are conflicting owing to the limited size of the cohorts included in studies and the lack of randomized trials. Surgery is not currently recommended for patients presenting mild PHPT based on the cardiovascular risk and more studies are needed to better understand the interest of PTX on cardiovascular outcomes.     

老年高血压及血脂与低密度脂蛋白受体基因的关系

目的：探讨老年高血压及血脂与低密度脂蛋白受体（LDLR）基因HineⅡ多态性的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法测定高血压组126例，对照组150例的LDLR基因型。结果：LDLR包括CC、CT、TT三种基因型。高血压组C等位基因频率高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：高血压组C等位基因频率高于对照组，提示低密度脂蛋白受体基因可能与老年高血压相关。     

6512例健康体检者血脂检测结果分析

目的了解我市健康体检者不同年龄段血脂变化规律及不同性别间血脂的差异。方法检测对象全部为我市各单位在职及退休职工，用酶法测定甘油三脂（TG）、血清胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）。结果20—70岁之间各年龄段，随着年龄增加，TG、TC及HDL—C值异常者比例增高，血脂异常者比例差异有显著性（P〈0．05），而70岁后，两者异常比例开始下降，本次受检人群，不同性别TG、TC及HDL—C检测均值差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论将血脂检测纳入健康体检范围内，对早期发现代谢综合征及早期心脑血管疾病的一、二级预防具有重要指导意义。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血脂水平变化的临床探讨(附101例病例分析)

目的:探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病(DM)患者继发动脉粥样硬化(AS)心血管合并症的危险性因素。方法:测定符合WHO标准的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者101例(男45例,女56例,年龄38~77岁)的血糖(GLU)、胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)和载脂蛋白B100(ApoB100),均由Auto lab-18全自动生化分析仪检测。结果:CHO、TG、LDL-C和ApoB100的含量糖尿病组较对照组显著升高(P<0.05);在糖尿病中,有合并症较无合并症、高血糖较血糖正常CHO、TG、LDL-C和ApoB100的含量均明显升高(P<0.05);而HDL-C和ApoA1含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:糖尿病患者血CHO、TG、LDL-C、ApoB100升高,HDL-C、ApoA1降低,提示糖尿病患者在出现动脉硬化性心血管合并症之前,体内已经具备了诱发合并症的生化基础,故应早期采取针对性预防措施。     

载脂蛋白A5基因-1131T＞C多态性与回、汉族血脂相关性的研究

目的研究载脂蛋白A5基因-1131T>C多态性位点与血甘油三酯的关系。方法对226例回、汉族健康人应用聚合酶链反应-限制片多态性方法进行基因分型。结果-1131T>C的3种基因型在回、汉族人群中的分布有差异性,但稀有等位基因C的分布频率无差异性;回、汉两民族携带C等位基因的个体(TC和CC型)的TC、TG、LDL-C、APOA、ApoB水平均比非携带C等位基因(TT型)个体略高,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论-1131T>C对回、汉族血脂水平影响无显著性差异,与回、汉族血脂水平无相关性。     

酸枣仁总皂甙对大鼠血脂和血脂蛋白胆固醇的影响

研究了酸枣仁总皂甙(ZS)对正常饲养和高脂饲养大鼠血脂和血脂蛋白胆固醇的影响。结果表明:ZS在每日64mg/kg腹腔注射,连续20d,能显著降低正常饲养大鼠的TC和LDL—c,显著升高HDL—c和HDL2—c。ZS能显著降低高脂饲养大鼠的TG,显著升高HDL 2—c。说明ZS可通过降低血脂和调理血脂蛋白可能对As的形成和发展有抑制作用。