Effect of Inflammation on Costimulation Blockade-Resistant Allograft Rejection

Previously, we reported that allogeneic skin grafts were rapidly rejected by CD28 and CD40 ligand double deficient mice mediated by CD8⁺ T cells. These results indicated that some elements in addition to CD28- and CD40-mediated costimulation provide stimulatory signals for the activation of donor-specific CD8⁺ T cells. In this report, we investigated the role of inflammation associated with transplantation on costimulation-independent priming of CD8⁺ T cell during graft rejection. B6 RAG1 KO mice were transplanted with BALB/c-skin and adoptively transferred with syngeneic CD8⁺ T cells the same day or 50 days after transplantation. When blockade of CD28- and CD40-mediated costimulation failed to prevent acute rejection of freshly transplanted skin grafts, it efficiently delayed rejection of well-healed skin grafts. These results showed that factors associated with transplantation have essential roles in inducing costimulation blockade-resistant allograft rejection. Costimulation blockade failed to prevent acute graft-infiltration of NK cells and increasing expression of intragraft IL-12 and IL-15. These factors may trigger the graft-infiltration and priming of CD8⁺ T cells to induce costimulation blockade-resistant allograft rejection.     

固本延衰方对亚急性衰老模型小鼠IL-2及其受体表达的影响

目的:探讨固本延衰方延缓亚急性衰老模型小鼠衰老的机制。方法:将60只小鼠随机分为4组,除正常对照组外均皮下注射D-半乳糖造成衰老模型,并给予不同剂量的固本延衰方治疗,分别用放免法及流式法测定脾淋巴细胞白细胞介素2及其受体水平。结果:衰老模型组IL-2及其受体水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05),固本延衰方各剂量组IL-2及其受体水平明显高于衰老模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:提示固本延衰方通过提高衰老机体淋巴细胞IL-2及其受体表达水平,从而调节机体免疫功能延缓衰老。     

Hypereosinophilic syndrome in Hodgkin's disease with increased granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

We report a patient with eosinophilia accompanied by Hodgkin's disease who showed remarkable increase in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in plasma but no increase in interleukin-5 (IL-5). The plasma GM-CSF level normalized as eosinophilia and lymphadenopathy disappeared after chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical study with immunoperoxidase staining technique showed a positive stain in lymph node cells by monoclonal anti-GM-CSF antibody. Eosinophilia is often accompanied by Hodgkin's disease, and several cases have been reported to show high levels of plasma IL-5. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show a high level of plasma GM-CSF in Hodgkin's disease with eosinophilia.     

肺癌TIL的体外培养及其表型分析

应用APAAP法对15例肺癌TIL部分膜抗原的表达动态进行了免疫组化分析。结果显示:未经激活的TIL细胞,其膜抗原(CD~+3,CD~+4,CD~+8)的表达动态基本恒定,经IL-2激活的TIL细胞体外培养一段时期后,其CD~+3细胞数明显上升,同时CD~+8的表达逐渐减少,而CD~+4的表达在培养后期明显增多。     

Detection of cytoplasmic IL-1 beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Cytokines including IL-1 beta have been implicated in the pathophysiology of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response. It is believed that certain critically ill patients may be 'primed' with respect to cytokine production, and that subsequent 'triggers' may cause exaggerated cytokine production in these patients with exacerbation of their clinical condition; however, no means of identifying 'primed' patients has been described. The presence of cytoplasmic IL-1 beta within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients in the ICU was investigated as a means of identifying 'primed' patients, using fluorescent antibody labelling and flow cytometry. The study revealed that PBMC from ICU patients had a different staining pattern for IL-1 beta than those from healthy subjects, and that PBMC from certain ICU patients did indeed stain strongly for IL-1 beta; however, the presence of these strongly staining cells was not associated with clinical condition or outcome. It is concluded that whilst it might be possible to identify 'primed' patients in the ICU using this technique, this is of no clinical value as a predictor of clinical course.     

Choroid plexus cysts-Association with trisomy: Prospective review of 16,059 patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of isolated choroid plexus cysts in association with trisomy 18 and other abnormalities.STUDY DESIGN: All patients from June 1992 through December 1995 were followed up after a screening ultrasonography. Any patient with a choroid plexus cyst was offered genetic counseling and an amniocentesis. Screening ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 16,059 patients, and 301 patients had a fetus with a choroid plexus cyst. One hundred thirty patients elected to have an amniocentesis. Patients were followed up to delivery.RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-three patients had an isolated choroid plexus cyst. Thirty-eight patients had a choroid plexus cyst associated with additional risk factors. Risk factors included advanced maternal age, additional ultrasonographic abnormalities, past obstetric history, or family history. No abnormalities were noted in the group with an isolated choroid plexus cyst. Four patients had an abnormality when the choroid plexus cyst was associated with an additional risk factor, including two patients with trisomy 18 and one with trisomy 21.CONCLUSION: An isolated choroid plexus cyst was not associated with a trisomy or other abnormalities in this study. When a choroid plexus cyst was associated with an additional risk factor, 10.5% of the patients had an abnormality. Amniocentesis is recommended when a choroid plexus cyst is found in association with additional risk factors. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:1381-3.)     

Gingival crevicular fluid IL-8: correlation with local IL-1β levels and patient estrogen status

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) IL-8 and IL-1,1β levels were determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Associations between IL-8 and IL-1β GCF levels, and between these cytokines and patient estrogen status were evaluated. IL-8 and IL-1β were detected more frequently and in higher amounts/30 s GCF sample in estrogen-deficient patients than in estrogensufficient patients. IL-8 and IL-1β GCF levels were significantly correlated. These lindings suggest that GCF IL-8 levels are associated with patient estrogen status and local IL-1β concentrations.     

IFN-γ,IL-4水平对血透患者外周血PBLC Fas,Bcl-2表达的影响

目的研究IFN-γ,IL-4水平对血透患者外周血淋巴细胞(PBLC)凋亡调控蛋白Fas,Bcl-2表达的影响.方法采用流式细胞术的间接免疫荧光素标记法和双抗体夹心ELISA法,分别检测30例HD患者PBLC Fas,Bcl-2的表达水平和血清IFN-γ,IL-4水平.结果H-D患者血清IFN-γ水平明显低于健康对照组,IL-4浓度显著高于对照组(P均＜0.01);其外周血PBLC的Fas表达水平明显高于健康对照组,而Bcl-2水平则明显低于健康对照组(P均＜0.01).经相关分析发现:Fas表达水平与血清IFN-γ水平呈负相关,而与血清IL-4水平呈正相关(P均＜0.01);Bcl-2表达水平与血清IFN-γ水平呈正相关,而与血清IL-4水平呈负相关(P均＜0.01).结论HD患者PBLC存在异常凋亡现象;并与Th1型细胞因子分泌低下,以及TTh2型细胞因子分泌增加之间有一定的相关性,上述改变可能在HD患者的免疫功能紊乱中起着重要作用.