子午流注针法对结肠癌术后腹腔热灌注化疗患者胃肠反应影响

【目的】观察子午流注纳子法指导下的辰时电针胃肠下合穴治疗脾胃虚弱型结肠癌术后腹腔热灌注化疗(HIPEC)患者胃肠反应的临床疗效。【方法】将60例符合纳入标准的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组患者术后给予常规治疗和HIPEC治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予辰时电针胃肠下合穴(足三里、上巨虚、下巨虚)治疗,疗程为5 d。观察2组患者治疗前后Karnofsky功能状态评分(KPS)的变化情况及治疗后患者消化道指标[总胆红素(TB)、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)]和食欲恢复情况,评价2组患者的胃肠反应和KPS评分的改善疗效。【结果】(1)治疗后,观察组改善恶心呕吐、腹胀腹痛、腹泻等胃肠反应的总有效率分别为83.33%、76.67%、86.67%,对照组分别为50.00%、53.33%、86.67%,观察组改善恶心呕吐、腹胀腹痛的总有效率及总体疗效均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,观察组患者的食欲恢复情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后,观察组患者的KPS评分较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),而对照组改善不明显(P>0.05),观察组对KPS评分的改善作用明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)治疗后,观察组患者的KPS评分改善率为56.67%,对照组为23.33%,观察组对KPS评分的改善疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(5)治疗后,2组患者血清TB、ALT、ALP水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】子午流注纳子法指导下的辰时电针胃肠下合穴治疗脾胃虚弱型结肠癌术后HIPEC患者胃肠反应,疗效确切,可明显减轻恶心呕吐、腹胀腹痛发生程度,提高食欲恢复程度,改善KPS评分,从而有利于术后HIPEC患者胃肠功能恢复。     

Evaluation of hip flexion strength following lateral lumbar interbody fusion

Background context

Lateral interbody fusion (LIF) is a minimally invasive procedure that is designed to achieve a solid interbody fusion while minimizing the damage to the surrounding soft tissue. Although short-term results have been promising, few data have been published to date regarding its risks and complication rate.

Purpose

The aim was to evaluate the extent of injury to the psoas muscle after the LIF procedure by measuring hip flexion strength.

Study design

A prospective case series was used in the study.

Method

Hip flexion strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer while the patient was seated on a chair; the examiner held the device against the patient’s attempt to flex the hip. Both sides were measured to compare the operated and nonoperated psoas muscles. Each side was measured three times and the average amount (in pounds) was recorded. Measurements were done before and after surgery on Day 2-3, at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and at 3 and 6 months.

Results

Thirty-three patients were recruited for this study. Mean preoperative hip flexion strength values were 20.7±3.47 lb and 21.3±4.31 lb for operated and nonoperated legs, respectively, with no significant difference (p=.85). With a mean of 11.2±2.24 lb postoperative measurements on Day 2, the operated side showed statistically significant reduction of strength (p=.0001). The nonoperated side was also weaker postoperatively, but not significantly (mean=19.12±1.74 lb; p=.097). From the first follow-up visit at 2 weeks, the values on the operated leg had returned to baseline values (20.6, p=.97) and were not significantly different from preoperative values on either side.

Discussion

Hip flexion was weakened immediately after the LIF procedure, which may be attributed to psoas muscle injury during the procedure. However, this damage was temporary, with almost complete return to baseline values by 2 weeks.     

Strengths,Weaknesses, Opportunities,and Threats Analysis of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications in Radiology

Currently, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology, particularly machine learning (ML), has become a reality in clinical practice. Since the end of the last century, several ML algorithms have been introduced for a wide range of common imaging tasks, not only for diagnostic purposes but also for image acquisition and postprocessing. AI is now recognized to be a driving initiative in every aspect of radiology. There is growing evidence of the advantages of AI in radiology creating seamless imaging workflows for radiologists or even replacing radiologists. Most of the current AI methods have some internal and external disadvantages that are impeding their ultimate implementation in the clinical arena. As such, AI can be considered a portion of a business trying to be introduced in the health care market. For this reason, this review analyzes the current status of AI, and specifically ML, applied to radiology from the scope of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis.     

Respiratory phenotypes of neuromuscular diseases: A challenging issue for pediatricians

Neuromuscular disease (NMDs) encompass a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders, with respiratory problems of variable intensity and progression described at any pediatric age, from infancy to adolescence, and they are largely associated with significant lifelong morbidity and high mortality. Restriction of breathing, impaired gas exchange, decline of lung function and sleep disordered breathing progressively develop because of muscular weakness and culminate in respiratory failure. Depending on the disease progression, airways manifestations can take weeks to months or even years to evolve, thus depicting two major respiratory phenotypes, characterized by rapid or slow progression to respiratory failure. Assessing type and age at onset of airways problems and their evolution over time can support pediatricians in the diagnostic assessment of NMD. In addition, knowing the characteristics of patients' respiratory phenotype can increase the level of awareness among neonatologists, geneticists, neurologists, pulmonologists, nutritionists, and chest therapists, supporting them in the challenging task of the multidisciplinary medical care of patients. In this review we examine the issues related to the pediatric respiratory phenotypes of NMD and present a novel algorithm that can act as a guide for the diagnostic agenda and the key preventive or therapeutic interventions of airways manifestations. With prolonged survival of children with NMD, the advent of neuromuscular respiratory medicine, including accurate assessment of the respiratory phenotype, will help physicians to determine patients’ prognoses and to design studies for the evaluation of new therapies.     

Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Large-Diameter Metal-On-Metal Articulation in Patients With Neuromuscular Weakness

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of THA using large-diameter metal-on-metal articulation in patients with neuromuscular weakness. Nineteen consecutive patients (19 hips) with neuromuscular weakness and displaced femoral neck fractures were enrolled. Functional improvement and recovery, radiological evaluation of THA and surgical morbidity were assessed. Mean Harris hip and WOMAC scores at final follow-up were 81.0 and 42.9, respectively. At final follow-up, no dislocation, metal hypersensitivity, or osteolysis was observed and no patient required revision of THA. The findings of this study indicate that the functional results of THA using large-diameter metal-on-metal articulation in patients with neuromuscular weakness can produce satisfactory outcomes with early functional recovery and a low dislocation rate.     

民营医院集团化发展SWOT分析及策略选择

运用态势分析法（SWOT）分析民营医院集团化发展策略,掌握民营医院所处环境,探讨民营医院集团化的优劣势,积极把握新医改背景下民营医院发展的机遇,提出民营医院集团化管理策略、人才队伍建设策略和资本引入策略。