右肺支气管树的三维分形模拟

肺是天然的非对称不规则体。肺内的气管树呈复杂的自相似的结构。基于最小能耗思想 ,作者根据肺的解剖学数据 ,建立右肺的细分网格坐标 ,通过计算各级分块的质心 ,寻找分叉方向与确定分叉长度 ,以 Open GL 为工具 ,实现了右肺支气管树的三维分形模拟 ,并且得到各级的长度、分叉角度和管径的具体参数。所生成的图形在形态与几何参数上与现有统计数据很吻合。计算得到该模型的分形覆盖维数为 2 .19,与其他学者计算的人体肺的理想维数 2 .17[1 ] 比较接近。该模型为今后用分形思想研究肺的气体扩散传递功能奠定基础。从节省计算机存储、加快图形传输上方面来说也有一定意义     

A Model for Transport and Dispersion in the Circulatory System Based on the Vascular Fractal Tree

Materials are distributed throughout the body of mammals by fractal networks of branching tubes. Based on the scaling laws of the fractal structure, the vascular tree is reduced to an equivalent one-dimensional, tube model. A dispersion–convection partial differential equation with constant coefficients describes the heterogeneous concentration profile of an intravascular tracer in the vascular tree. A simple model for the mammalian circulatory system is built in entirely physiological terms consisting of a ring shaped, one-dimensional tube which corresponds to the arterial, venular, and pulmonary trees, successively. The model incorporates the blood flow heterogeneity of the mammalian circulatory system. Model predictions are fitted to published concentration-time data of indocyanine green injected in humans and dogs. Close agreement was found with parameter values within the expected physiological range. © 2003 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2003: 8710+e, 8719Hh, 8719Uv     

黄芪注射液不良反应的病例汇总

黄芪射液目前被临床广泛用于抗病毒,调节免疫治疗。近年来报道的黄芪注射液不良反应有迟发性严重静脉炎、过敏性休克、少尿、药物热、溶血性贫血、喉头水肿、急性荨麻疹、剧烈头痛等。提示临床应用中应当予以重视。     

香青藤的生药鉴定

利用药材性状、显微特征、紫外吸收光谱和薄层层析等鉴别方法对香青藤进行生药鉴定研究 ,为该药材的鉴别和开发利用提供科学依据     

黄参方剂诱导胃癌癌前病变细胞凋亡和影响BCL—2蛋白表达的研究

目的：探讨黄参方剂对胃癌癌前病变细胞凋亡及相关基因表达的影响。方法：将７２例胃癌癌前变患者随机分为２组,治疗组３７例,口服黄参方剂６０ｍｌ／ｄ;对照组３５例,口服维酶素片１２片／天,疗程２月。治疗后胃镜同一部位取材,检测治疗前后细胞凋亡指数和ＢＣＬ－２蛋白的表达。采用原位末端标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）检测细胞凋亡,采用免疫组化检测ＢＣＬ－２蛋白的表达。结果：黄参方剂组服药前后细胞凋亡指数分别为（１９．８     

当归补血汤对细胞免疫调节作用及超微结构的影响

本实验采用环磷酰胺(CY)制造免疫功能低下小鼠的动物模型,研究当归补血汤组成药物的不同比例配伍,对机体免疫功能调节作用的影响。实验过程中将当归、黄芪分别配制成1∶1(A方)、1∶5(B方)、5∶1(C方)的不同比例中药方剂,对小鼠施以灌胃,并设对照组,以WBC总数、T淋巴细胞转化率及胸腺细胞超微结构变化作为检测指标。结果表明:三组不同比例配伍的方剂,对小鼠机体免疫功能均有调节作用。三组之间比较,提高WBC总数以A方效果最明显;三个方剂均有促进淋巴细胞转化的作用,但转化率三者之间无明显差异;保护胸腺细胞作用以B方效果最好。应用:当归补血汤对机体免疫功能有明显调节作用,但不同比例配伍,对机体免疫功能调节作用各有所侧重     

Definition and pathology of primary sclerosing cholangitis

Although primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is not a common disease, it is important in the differential diagnosis of hepatobiliary tract diseases in clinical practice. A diagnosis of PSC should be made only after the exclusion of similar diseases with well known etiologies or pathogeneses. In this review, the pathology of classical PSC and its variants or related diseases is highlighted. PSC is histologically characterized by progressive periductal fibrosis with luminal stenosis or obliteration, along with the formation of a fibrous core, as well as dilatation (cholangiectasis). Its etiology is unknown. Bacterial ascending cholangitis is superimposed on its long clinical course. Such a heterogeneous distribution of biliary lesions with biliary obliteration and cholangiectasis is responsible for the radiological demonstration of biliary abnormalities, particularly the beaded appearance. Sampling variability is common in needle or wedge biopsied specimens. As a result of biliary damage, the liver shows progressive cholestatic change followed by biliary fibrosis and cirrhosis, and this hepatic progression is divisible into four stages. There are several variants of PSC or related diseases, such as localized biliary sclerosis and stenosis, sclerosing cholangitis associated with inflammatory pseudotumor, and PSC-autoimmune hepatitis overlapping syndrome. Cholelithiasis, including secondary hepatolithiasis and, to a lesser degree, biliary carcinoma and dysplasia, are also known to develop at the perihilar bile ducts as a late complication of PSC. Received for publication on March 8, 1999; accepted on April 30, 1999     

"树皮年轮"质疑

目的：评述“树皮年轮”的概念及其应用于判断树龄的科学性。方法：在广泛查阅相关文献资料的基础上，对“树皮年轮”的概念及其在判断树龄方面应用的科学性问题进行了综合分析。结果：虽然韧皮部纤维存在分层排列的现象，但是不能称其为“年轮”。因为呈带状排列的纤维束的数目，在每个生长季节不总是固定的，有的甚至缺乏韧皮部纤维；并且次生韧皮部在次生生长过程中的数量有限，还会随着树皮逐渐剥落。结论：因此，认为“树皮年轮”的提法缺乏科学性，也不能作为判断树龄的依据。     

大黄(庶虫)虫丸对非胰岛素依赖型Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病患者Ⅷ因子相关抗原及纤维蛋白原的影响

目的:探讨大黄(庶虫)虫丸对非胰岛素依赖型Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者Ⅷ因子相关抗原(vWF:Ag)、纤维蛋白原(Fbg)的治疗作用。方法:选择Ⅳ期DN患者60例,用自动凝血机检测vWF:Ag、Fbg的变化,并随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组用大黄(庶虫)虫丸,对照组用潘生丁干预治疗,观察大黄(庶虫)虫丸对Ⅳ期DN患者vWF:Ag、Fbg的影响。结果:Ⅳ期DN患者血vWF:Ag、Fbg含量显著增高,与正常对照组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01)。用大黄(庶虫)虫丸治疗后,vWF:Ag、Fbg浓度显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),明显优于潘生丁组。结论:大黄(庶虫)虫丸能显著降低Ⅳ期DN患者血vWF:Ag、Fbg含量,改善高凝状态。     

黄振民老中医治疗带状疱疹经验介绍

介绍黄振民老中医治疗带状疱疹经验，提出从肝经辨证论治，主张发作期以泻肝火为主，后遗症期以养肝活血为主，并根据皮损发生的部位，加入不同的引经药，取得明显的疗效。