手术器械上戊二醛残余液对术后切口愈合影响的拉力实验

目的探讨手术器械上不同浓度戊二醛残余液对术后切口承受拉力影响的差异. 方法 25只兔随机分5组,用携有不同浓度戊二醛残余液或无菌蒸馏水的器械分别造切口为A、B、C、D、O组,术后96h拆线,活体切口拉开. 结果 5组切口所能承受拉力均数为:A:109g、B:162g、C:232g、D:449g、O:538g,处理组间F=17.97,P＜0.01,差异有非常显著性;区组间F=1.20,P＞0.05,差异无显著性;5组均数两两比较:O和D分别与A、B、C比较,均P＜0.01,差异有非常显著性;余两两比较,均P＞0.05,差异无显著性. 结论 2%戊二醛消毒后器械不经荡洗或以500ml无菌蒸馏水定量荡洗1～2遍,不能达到临床使用要求;荡洗3遍与空白对照无差异.     

用于禽流感H9亚型检测的压电免疫蛋白芯片的研制

目的：研制禽流感H7亚型检测的压电免疫蛋白芯片。方法：采用聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）粘附、戊二醛（Glu）交联的方法，将禽流感H9抗原固定于石英晶体的金电极表面。研究了敏感材料的浓度、pH值对其固定的影响。结果：该芯片用于检测浓度范围为0．123～1．23mg／ml的禽流感H9血清时，呈线性相关，相关系数0．9854。结论：检测阳性样品的响应值与阴性样品的噪声值之比大于2，可用于定性定量检测。     

低浓度戊二醛对无菌性脑膜炎暴发病原Echo30毒株的杀灭效果评价

目的：评价低浓度（〈2%）戊二醛消毒剂对2003年苏北儿童无菌性脑膜炎暴发病原Echo30-FD JS03-102分离株病毒的灭活效果。方法：用悬液法测定Echo30-FD JS03-102接触0.05%,0.1%,0.2%戊二醛前后病毒滴度对数值的改变情况。观察不同pH环境下病毒灭活率的差别。结果：25℃pH 7.2条件下,戊二醛对Echo30-FD JS03-102的灭活速度随浓度增加而升高。pH8.3的弱碱性环境能够提高低浓度戊二醛的消毒效果。结论：Echo30-FD JS03-102对低浓度戊二醛具有一定的抵抗力;但在合适的条件下戊二醛仍能达到满意的消毒效果。     

An outbreak of post-surgical wound infections due to Mycobacterium abscessus

An outbreak of post-operative wound infections due to Mycobacterium abscessus is described. During a 5-month period 45 post-surgical patients developed wound infection, manifested by wound breakdown, cellulitis, and discharge and progressing slowly to suppuration and sinus formation. The majority (43/45) had undergone out-patient operations, and 40 had had surgery in the inguinal region. The source of infection was identified as contaminated tap water. A study revealed serious deficiencies in the disinfection and sterilisation techniques employed in the operating theatre (OT), including major defects in the autoclaving machine. The outbreak was controlled after several specific measures were instituted. The patients responded well to treatment with conventional first-line anti-tuberculous drugs administered for 3–8 months. The report highlights the necessity of strict monitoring of disinfection and sterilisation techniques in surgical units and OTs. Accepted: 18 August 1997     

Immunogenicity of glutaraldehyde inactivated pertussis vaccine

The immunogenicity of different types of glutaraldehyde inactivated pertussis vaccine (GIPV) preparations made by inactivation of Bordetella pertussis organisms with different concentrations of glutaraldehyde for variable periods at room temperature and conventional heat inactivated pertussis vaccine (HIPV) was evaluated with regard to production of agglutinins and neutralizing antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT). The different types of GIPV preparations had variable intracerebral mouse potency which depended upon the conditions of inactivation with glutaraldehyde. The agglutinin production in mice against various types of GIPV preparations and HIPV were very similar irrespective of the potency of the preparations. The agglutinins were produced against all the three major agglutinogens 1, 2 and 3 as the preparations were made from B. pertussis strain 10536 (serotype 1,2,3). The titres of agglutinins produced against adjuvanted preparations were slightly higher than those against non-adjuvanted preparations. Neutralizing antibodies against PT were produced for eight out of nine types of GIPV preparations while these antibodies were not produced for conventional HIPV.     

戊二醛熏蒸柜消毒灭菌效果与影响因素的实验研究

目的 探讨戊二醛熏蒸柜的机器性能和消毒灭菌效果与影响因素。方法按卫生部《消毒技术规范》、羟胺缩合紫外分光光度法测定戊二醛含量，测定开机不同时间熏蒸柜内、工作环境空气中及关机后熏蒸柜中戊二醛气体-气溶胶浓度，熏蒸柜对不同微生物的杀灭效果。结果熏蒸柜开机2h柜内戊二醛气体-气溶胶浓度达到91．93mg／ms，熏蒸柜开机90min对不锈钢片载体上金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌、枯草芽胞杆菌黑色变种芽胞的平均杀灭对数值〉5；开机60min对染于手术剪、镊子上金黄色葡萄球菌的平均杀灭对数值〉5；开机5h能完全杀灭止血钳上的枯草芽胞杆菌黑色变种芽胞。结论 肯格王牌XZG型戊二醛熏蒸柜是一种高效、快速、安全、可靠、适用的医疗消毒器械。     

含氟烷人血白蛋白靶向超声造影剂的制备研究

目的为靶向超声造影剂的制备进行基础实验研究。方法将含氟烷人血白蛋白超声造影剂与ICAM-1抗体混合,加入0.1%戊二醛,4℃孵育2h,促使抗体与微泡外壳充分交联。普通光镜评估靶向微泡的大小、形态。免疫荧光法进行靶向微泡的鉴定。结果普通光镜下可见携ICAM-1抗体的靶向微泡大小、形态与普通白蛋白微泡对照无明显改变。荧光显微镜证实微泡与ICAM-1抗体整合成功。结论戊二醛交联法适用于白蛋白靶向超声造影剂的制备,方法简便,成本低,重复性好。     

邻苯二甲醛与戊二醛在消化内镜消毒中的比较研究：系统评价

目的：对邻苯二甲醛在消化内镜消毒应用中的消毒效果、经济学指标、安全性进行系统评价。方法：计算机检索中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网资源总库（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊资源整合服务平台(VIP),纳入国内邻苯二甲醛对比戊二醛在消化内镜消毒效果、经济学指标、安全性三方面的对照研究,检索时间截至2016年7月。对研究结果进行定性分析。结果：最终纳入14项对照研究,但存在较大的异质性。定性分析结果显示：12项研究的消毒效果对比结果显示邻苯二甲醛浸泡5分钟与戊二醛浸泡≥10分钟无差异,均可达到高水平消毒。9项研究的经济学指标对比结果显示邻苯二甲醛耐用性更好,消毒效率更高,经济效益更佳。并且邻苯二甲醛的安全性优于戊二醛。结论：邻苯二甲醛可替代戊二醛成为消毒消化内镜的首选高水平消毒剂。     

京尼平交联大鼠肾去细胞生物支架提高支架生物学性能的实验研究

目的　通过京尼平交联大鼠肾去细胞生物支架,提高支架的生物学性能。 方法　取250 g左右的健康SD大鼠80只,分为正常组、未交联支架组、戊二醛交联支架组和京尼平交联支架组。游离大鼠肾、肾动脉,连接蠕动泵,经PBS灌注去血后得到的肾作为正常组。其余大鼠肾依次灌入肝素化PBS溶液、1% TritonX-100、1%十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、去离子水,完成大鼠肾去细胞生物支架制备。戊二醛交联支架组继续灌入0.625%戊二醛（GA）1500 mL;京尼平交联支架组浸入0.5%的京尼平溶液于37 ℃恒温箱中行化学交联24 h;未经戊二醛或京尼平交联的肾去细胞支架作为未交联支架组。对4组肾分别作HE、Masson、免疫荧光染色及电子显微镜扫描,观察支架组织形态学及超微结构改变;力学拉伸试验检测机械力学性能。 结果　SD大鼠肾支架经京尼平交联后,HE、Masson染色显示胶原纤维排列更加紧密有序,肾小球处的纤维呈聚集状,Collagen I和 Collagen IV荧光染色增强,电镜扫描可见交联后的去细胞支架内蜂窝状孔洞结构更加立体,并可见典型的肾小球龛样结构轮廓更加清晰;交联组肾弹性模量较支架组明显增强。 结论　京尼平交联大鼠肾支架能提高支架的生物学性能有助于为后期细胞植入和器官再生。     

醇对戊二醛鞣制的牛心包防钙化改性的实验研究

目的本实验采用几种醇改性戊二醛处理后的牛心包,希望寻找一种理想的生物瓣处理方法。方法分为五组,即新鲜对照组及戊二醛、2,3-丁三醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇组。分组将牛心包试片植入SD大鼠背部皮下60d后,行组织钙定量测定及组织学检测。结果2,3-丁二醇改性后的牛心包试片钙平均含量为3.99±0.96ug/mg干重,与GA组、1,2-丙二醇,1,3-丙二醇试片的钙平均含量(241.89±7.79、244.26±6.39、167.32±12.29ug/mg干重)相比,钙化,钙化明显减轻(均P＜0.01),但与对照组(4.11±2.23ug/mg干重)相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。病理组织学检查显示2,3-丁二醇组和1,3-丙二醇组试片仅有轻度形态学改变。而GA组和1,2-丙二醇组试片有严重的胶原变性,大片钙化。结论戊二醛鞣制的生物材料经2,3-丁二醇改性后,可显著减轻钙化。