复方强化戊二醛消毒液对细菌芽孢的杀菌效果观察

[目的]了解复方强化戊二醛消毒液对细菌芽孢杀灭效果。[方法]采用载体定量和定性杀菌试验进行了实验室观察和现场试验。[结果]以含23．0g／L戊二醛的复方强化戊二醛消毒液对载体上枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用Ih，杀灭率〉99．9％；作用3h达到完全杀灭。能量试验对大肠杆菌最低有效浓度为1000mg／L。经模拟现场试验用含23．0g／L戊二醛消毒液对污染在止血钳上的枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用3h达到完全杀灭。连续使用稳定性杀菌试验，14d后达到完全杀灭细菌芽孢的效果需要作用5h。[结论]复方强化戊二醛消毒液对细菌芽孢杀灭效果较好，性能稳定。     

枯否细胞虫样小体的电镜观察

本文对大鼠肝脏枯否细胞质膜内褶形成的结构做了电镜观察。在灌注固定的枯否细胞中观察到虫样小体,其在胞浆内的数量因细胞不同而异,但在各细胞表面的开口均较多。偶见一些小体贯穿胞浆形成具有两个表面开口的小体通道,对连续切片的观察也证实一些小体具有多个表面开口。虫样小体周围常有许多吞饮泡和有鬃衣小泡。有时可见小体与吞饮泡相延续,并见其中间致密线与吞饮泡的第二膜样层相连。在直接浸润固定的肝脏中未见到虫样小体,但可见由质膜内褶贯通胞浆而形成的通道样结构。     

戊二醛胶原人工皮的特点和临床应用

我们将 Burke 的方法加以改进,制作出了戊二醛胶原人工皮,经动物实验测定丁蒸发量、粘附力及抑菌作用,证明其透气性能好,粘附力强,具有抑菌作用,可减少水分蒸发和蛋白质电解质的丢失,且无排异反应,是一种理想的人工皮。我们还将其应用于临床30例病人创面,其创面愈合时间为24±3天,对绿脓杆菌感染及慢性溃疡病人的创面效果尤佳。值得推广。     

戊二醛胶原人工皮的特点和临床应用

我们将Ｂｕｒｋｅ的方法加以改进，制作出了戊二醛胶原人工皮，经动物实验测定了蒸发量、粘附力及抑菌作用，证明其透气性能好，粘附力强，具有抑菌作用，可减少水分蒸发和蛋白质电解质的丢失，且无排异反应，是一种理想的人工皮。我们还将其应用于临床３０例病人创面，其创面愈合时间为２４±３天，对绿脓杆菌感染及慢性溃疡病人的创面效果尤佳。值得推广。     

酸性氧化电位水消毒消化道内镜效果的观察

目的：观察酸性氧化电位水消毒消化内镜的效果。方法：设立酸性氧化电位水组与2％戊二醛两组,采用5槽消毒法。分别消毒3min、5min、10min,采样消毒前后的内镜标本进行细菌计数。结果：酸性氧化电位水消毒5min和10min时菌落数均为0．优于戊二醛组。结论：酸性氧化电位水可以提高消化道内镜的消毒效果。     

经典恒温加速法预测0.5%戊二醛溶液的稳定性

目的:考察0.5%戊二醛溶液的稳定性。方法:采用经典恒温加速法和留样观察法,以戊二醛的含量为考察指标,采用滴定法测定其含量。结果:0.5%戊二醛溶液的含量变化符合一级动力学过程,2种考察方法的结果基本一致。在室温(25℃)条件下,其有效期为85.7d。结论:0.5%戊二醛溶液应尽快使用,2周内是其最佳使用时间。     

Formaldehyde and Glutaraldehyde and Nasal Cytotoxicity: Case Study Within the Context of the 2006 IPCS Human Framework for the Analysis of a Cancer Mode of Action for Humans

Formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde cause toxicity to the nasal epithelium of rats and mice upon inhalation. In addition, formaldehyde above certain concentrations induces dose-related increases in nasal tumors in rats and mice, but glutaraldehyde does not. Using the 2006 IPCS human framework for the analysis of cancer mode of action (MOA), an MOA for formaldehyde was formulated and its relevance was tested against the properties of the noncarcinogenic glutaraldehyde. These compounds produce similar patterns of response in histopathology and in genotoxicity tests (although formaldehyde has been much more extensively tested studied). The MOA is based on the induction of sustained cytotoxicity and reparative cell proliferation induced by formaldehyde at concentrations that also induce nasal tumors upon long-term exposure. Data on dose dependency and temporal relationships of key events are consistent with this MOA. While a genotoxic MOA can never be ruled out for a compound that is clearly genotoxic, at least in vitro, the nongenotoxic properties fundamental to the proposed MOA can explain the neoplastic response in the nose and may be more informative than genotoxicity in risk assessment. It is not yet fully explained why glutaraldehyde remains noncarcinogenic upon inhalation, but its greater inherent toxicity may be a key factor. The dual aldehyde functions in glutaraldehyde are likely to produce damage resulting in fewer kinetic possibilities (particularly for proteins involved in differentiation control) and lower potential for repair (nucleic acids) than would be the case for formaldehyde. While there have been few studies of possible glutaraldehyde-associated cancer, the evidence that formaldehyde is a human carcinogen is strong for nasopharyngeal cancers, although less so for sinonasal cancers. This apparent discrepancy could be due in part to the classification of human nasal tumors with tumors of the sinuses, which would receive much less exposure to inhaled formaldehyde. Evaluation of the human relevance of the proposed MOA of formaldehyde in rodents is restricted by human data limitations, although the key events are plausible. It is clear that the human relevance of the formaldehyde MOA in rodents cannot be excluded on either kinetic or dynamic grounds.     

银杏达莫注射液预处理对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的探讨银杏达莫注射液预处理对大鼠腓肠肌缺血再灌注损伤中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、戊二醛（MDA）以及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的变化,以及腓肠肌在光镜下的变化。方法健康Wistar大鼠36只,随机分为对照组、实验组以及治疗组,分组各12只大鼠。观察各组SOD、MDA、LDH的含量及光镜下大鼠腓肠肌组织学的变化。结果实验组血浆SOD含量较对照组降低,而治疗组SOD含量较实验组升高;实验组血浆MDA、LDH含量较对照组明显升高,而治疗组MDA、LDH较实验组有所降低。光镜观察缺血组大鼠腓肠肌纤维较对照组明显变性浊肿,部分区域肌细胞核固缩消失,而治疗组腓肠肌纤维浊肿较实验组有所好转,肌细胞核接近正常。结论银杏达莫注射液可以有效减轻大鼠腓肠肌缺血再灌注损伤的程度,从而保护骨骼肌。     

羧甲基壳聚糖微球固定化AS1.398中性蛋白酶的制备和性质研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,制备羧甲基壳聚糖微球固定AS1．398中性蛋白酶。研究了羧甲基壳聚糖固定化酶微球的制备条件、固定化酶的适宜温度、pH、米氏常数和储存稳定性等性质。结果表明。在pH=7．0的中性环境下；交联剂与羧甲基壳聚糖摩尔比为0．4：1；干酶与羧甲基壳聚糖的质量比为0．125：1；在室温下交联至少4h。便可得到活力相对较高的固定化酶。自由酶和固定化酶的最适宜温度分别为40℃和65℃。在70℃下，固定化酶的热稳定性比自由酶要好。自由酶和固定化酶的最佳pH分别为7．0和6．0，固定化酶具有较宽的酸碱稳定性，在pH6～8都保持较高活力。固定化酶在5℃和35℃下储存1周后酶相对活力分别为97．6％和85．1％，而没有被固定的自由酶在5℃下储存1周酶相对活力仅为61．3％。自由酶和固定化酶的Km分别为5．66g／L和1．04g／L。