一阶导数光谱法测定聚α－氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒中硫酸庆大霉素的包封率

作者通过低温超速离心法分离硫酸庆大霉素聚α－氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒胶体溶液的上清液，用电荷转移络合物－一阶导数光谱法测定其中硫酸庆大霉素的含量，并计算其包封率。结果表明：该法回收率为１０１．１５％，变异系数为１．７０％，在０．４～２０ｕｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，较微生物测定法简便、快速，可靠。用该法测定硫酸庆大霉素毫微粒的包封率，可作为其处方筛选和质量控制的手段。     

庆大霉素合并地塞米松对犬急性感染性休克合并DIC的实验研究

用庆大霉素和地塞米松联合治疗由活大肠杆菌所至的感染性休克合并DIC的犬,可显著提高动物的存活率,改善动脉血压,防止血浆纤维蛋白原的减少,遏制中性粒细胞、血浆超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物聘减少,阻止血浆丙二醛升高,稳定细胞膜和维持血糖水平。     

阿米卡星、庆大霉素、氨苄西林纳对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用的影响研究

[目的]探讨阿米卡星、庆大霉素、氨苄西林纳对Fe2＋-L-半胱氨酸诱导大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化模型的影响。[方法]采用肝细胞匀浆硫代巴比妥酸比色法（体外法）,加入一系列浓度样品,然后测定大鼠肝脏线粒体脂质过氧化作用产物丙二醛（MDA）含量。[结果]阿米卡星在低浓度（0.001～0.01）g/ml时显著抑制脂质过氧化作用（P﹤0.01）,高浓度（0.1 g/ml以上）则起诱导作用（P﹥0.01）。硫酸庆大霉素对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化具有抑制作用（P﹤0.01）。氨苄西林纳对反应体系无影响（P﹥0.01）。[结论]不同的抗生素对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用的影响不同。     

The effects of sucralfate and selective intestinal decontamination on bacterial translocation

Sucralfate is widely used as a cytoprotective agent in patients with peptic ulcer and other intestinal mucosal damage. In this study, the effects of sucralfate and/or selective intestinal decontamination with gentamycin on bacterial translocation (BT) in rats with experimentally-induced mechanical jaundice were investigated. Seventy-five adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups of 15 each. In all except a sham group, we performed ligation of the common bile duct (CBD) via a vertical laparatomy. After surgery, the rats in group 1 were treated with oral sucralfate (5 mg/kg per day); those in group 2 underwent oral gentamycin therapy (5 mg/kg per day) for 5 days. Group 3 rats were treated with sucralfate and gentamycin for 5 days subsequent to the operation. The rats in group 4 served as controls, and received only 0.9% saline solution. Group 5 was a sham group. After 5 days of surgery, all rats were killed; the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver, and a segment of terminal ileum were harvested aseptically. The collected tissues were cultured in McCaunkey medium and chocolate agar. For each specimen, the colony-forming units (CFU) were calculated and the percentage of viable translocated micro-organisms was counted. In all rats who had ligation of the CBD, high numbers of bacteria were demonstrated in the liver, MLN, and ileum. In the liver of rats with sucralfate and/or gentamycin treatment, there was a marked reduction in CFU compared to the control group. Similarly, in the MLN measurements of CFU were higher in the control rats than the study groups. In both McCaunkey and chocolate media, the numbers of bacteria in control rats were significantly higher than in the study groups (P < 0.001). However, among the study groups themselves there was no significant difference in CFU in any of the specimens or culture media (P > 0.05). Experimentally-induced mechanical jaundice from ligation of the CBD causes significant BT in rats. Sucralfate and/or gentamycin may reduce the degree of BT from the bowel mucosa. We did not find any difference in protection from BT between sucralfate and gentamycin or both in rats with experimentally-induced mechanical jaundice. Accepted: 12 July 1999     

新生儿及猪肠道菌携带的庆大霉素耐药基因的检测与分析

本文检测新生儿３５１株及健康猪的４２６株肠道菌的耐药谱及Ｒ质粒。检出庆大霉素耐药率人源为５５．５６％，猪源为１３．８５％。耐药质粒谱的分析结果表明：庆大霉素耐药菌株多为多重耐药菌株，未发现单耐庆大霉素的菌株。庆大霉素耐药菌株中Ｒ质粒的检出率人源为５８．９７％，猪源为５２．５４％。应用源自美国，澳洲及本室的庆大霉素耐药基因探针对分离的庆大霉素耐药菌株进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交，又发现了另一种与之不     

临床药师对1例药源性肾损伤不良反应监护的思维和实践

摘 要 目的： 探讨临床药师在药品不良反应监护中的处理思路。方法: 以1例药源性肾损伤为例,分享临床药师在药品不良反应监护中的思维模式与实践方法。结果和结论: 临床药师可以通过文献检索与分析归纳,直接为临床医生及患者提供简明、可靠的药物信息,协助疾病诊治。