首次自杀未遂者和重复自杀未遂者的对照研究

目的探讨首次自杀未遂者和重复自杀未遂者的区别.方法检查126名因自杀未遂而入院的患者,分为首次自杀未遂组和重复自杀未遂组,获得有关的临床资料并进行自杀意图及自杀企图冲动性和致死性的测定,将有关项目作对比分析.结果有51(40.5%)名重复自杀未遂者,与首次自杀未遂者比较,重复自杀未遂者已婚居多、文化程度较低、缺乏固定的经济收入、有较多的既往精神科治疗史、常饮酒、企图自杀前与他人交流少,自杀意图较低,冲动性较高(P均＜0.05).结论对伴有某些危险因素的自杀未遂者应积极进行医学干预,以期减少自杀行为的再次发生.     

第一掌背动脉双叶皮瓣在手外科中的应用

我们设计主要以第1掌背动脉为蒂的手背双叶皮瓣,同时修复两个部位的手部皮肤缺损和拇指再造,共10例均获成功。皮瓣面积最小10cm×3cm,最大13cm×5cm,蒂宽1.5cm×2.5cm。皮瓣每叶面积最小为3.5cm×2cm,最大6cm×3cm。文中介绍了本皮瓣的解剖学基础,并对其手术适应证和优缺点进行了讨论。     

Human parotid proline-rich proteins: correlation of genetic polymorphisms to dental caries

Parotid saliva contains a variety of proline-rich proteins. This study found that, among 306 children between the ages of 5 to 15 years, there is a significant increase in the decayed-missing-filled tooth surface (DMFS) score of the permanent teeth with age in children with the specific proline-rich protein phenotypes Pa and Pr. However, the increase in DMFS score of the permanent teeth of children was significantly greater in children with Pa+ and Pr22 than in those with the other phenotypes (Pa- or Pr11 and Pr12). The previously established close correlation between the Pa and Pr phenotypes and the genetic variants of salivary peroxidase (a powerful antibacterial system in the oral cavity) may provide an explanation for the relationship of certain proline-rich protein phenotypes to dental caries.     

Plasma concentrations and bioavailability of propranolol by oral, rectal, and intravenous administration in man

Eight normal male volunteers received 80 mg doses of propranolol by the oral and rectal routes and 2.2 mg by intravenous administration in a crossover fashion. Plasma concentrations of propranolol were measured by a gas chromatographic method using an electron capture detector. Individual subject concentration-time data were analysed and results indicated that the data fit a two compartment model with first order absorption. An approximately two-fold higher plasma propranolol concentration was observed after rectal administration as compared with oral dosing. Statistical analysis of the difference in the total AUCs indicates a significantly higher bioavailability of propranolol administered by the rectal route. The reduced bioavailability after oral administration indicates a substantial first pass effect but that it is possible to bypass the liver, at least partially, by giving the drug rectally to man.     

农村公共卫生投融资机制存在的问题及对策

当前,农村公共卫生投融资规模不能适应农村居民的卫生服务需要,投融资结构不合理,致使投融资效果不佳,不利于农村卫生事业的发展。为此,需要从四个方面改革农村公共卫生投融资机制:一是要建立健全国家财政投资保障制度,发挥财政在农村公共卫生投资中的主体作用;二是要改革运行模式,拓宽融资渠道;三是要改善投资结构,优化资源配置;四是要创新管理体制,提高农村公共卫生服务能力。     

Treatment time analysis for extensive amalgam restorations

The treatment times for the fabrication of Extensive Amalgam Restorations (EAR) as recorded in a longitudinal clinical trial at the Dental School in Nijmegen were analyzed. 269 EAR's with different retention methods were made on molars by three operators. A mean total treatment time of 60 min was found. The factor operator had a significant influence on all treatment phases resulting in a 26% difference in total treatment time between operators. Also significant influences were found in some treatment phases for the factor retention, side location of the tooth and extension of the restoration. The results of this study with regard to treatment times must be considered from the perspective of the quality of the care provided.     

一阶导数光谱法测定丙吡胺尿药浓度及其缓释片的相对生物利用度

本文报道了用导数光谱法测定磷酸丙吡胺的尿药浓度,本方法能消除尿中杂质干扰,测定结果准确。6名受试者交叉口服磷酸丙吡胺缓释片和普通片,测得尿药浓度计算消除速度常数K,排泄速率(Δx/Δt)_(max) 所需时间,证明缓稀片药物排泄慢,药效维持时间长,且缓释片的相对生物利用度与普通片基本相同。     

Evaluation of renal first pass blood flow with a functional image technique in hypertensive patients

The renal circulation of patients with essential hypertension and renovascular hypertension was evaluated using ^99mTc-DTPA. The first renal peak count (the first C_max; FC_max), time phase distribution (the first T_max; FT_max), and blood velocity (the FC_max/FT_max) were calculated by digital imaging. This yields a visual image of the renal circulation. We consider that the increase in the renal first pass blood flow in patients with essential hypertension is best observed pixel by pixel. The FC_max and FC_max/FT_max images before and after treatment by percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty in patients with renovascular hypertension clearly show its therapeutic effect. The FI technique, therefore, has the advantage that it can be performed at the same time as the conventional routine examinations of renal function. This makes it very useful clinically.     

混合牙列期提前拔除下颌第一乳磨牙对继承恒牙萌出的影响

目的 探索提前拔除下颌第一乳磨牙对加速继承恒牙萌出的影响，产生有利于序列拔牙的萌出顺序。方法 筛选13例牙列拥挤的患儿，当其下颌第一双尖牙根长超过1／2时，拔除一侧的下颌第一乳磨牙。用患儿的对侧牙做对照组。结果 拔牙侧有9例患儿第一双尖牙先于尖牙萌出，4例患儿尖牙先于第一双尖牙萌出；对照侧尖牙均先于第一双尖牙萌出。结论 提前拔除下颌第一乳磨牙，可使第一双尖牙先于尖牙萌出。但在第一双尖牙被阻碍或尖牙无阻碍的情况下．难以达到促萌目的。     

Application of trans-abdominal chorionic villus sampling in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal diseases in first trimester of gestation

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of prenatal diagnosis by traneabdominal chorionic villus sam-pling(TA-CVS)via the guidance of B-mode ultrasound in the first trimester of gestation.To explore the technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi in early pregnancy.To evaluate the feasibility of the above techniques in the application of the prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five singleton pregnancies at risk were referred from January 2001 to Decem-ber 2007.Results:The average maternal age was 35.2 years.TA-CVS was performed in the 10～13th weeks of gestation and the average gestational age was 10.89 weeks.All attempts at sampling were successful.The rate of operation-associated fetal loss was 0.74%.The failure rate of prenatal diagnosis because of inadequate amount of specimen was 0.The average culture time was 5-7 days.The success rate of the cell culture was 98.5%.No maternal con-temination and bacterial contamination happened.Fifteen cases of abnormal karyotype and one case of confined pla-cantel mosaiciem were diagnosed.Conclusion:TA-CVS appears to be safe and feasible and might to be offered in the prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester of gestation.The technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi is stable and reliable.It is feasible to apply these techniques in the clinical practice of prenatal cytogenetic diagnose in the early pregnancy.