基于微信平台的健康教育对中青年居家腹膜透析患者负性情绪和自我管理能力的影响

目的探讨基于微信平台的健康教育对中青年居家腹膜透析患者负性情绪和自我管理能力的影响。方法选取2018年9月至2020年7月我院收治的中青年居家腹膜透析患者74例,随机分为实验组和对照组各37例。对照组采用常规健康教育,实验组采用基于微信平台的健康教育。比较两组患者干预前后的负性情绪和自我管理能力。结果干预前,两组的SDS、SAS、ESCA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,实验组的SDS、SAS评分低于对照组,ESCA评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于微信平台的健康教育可有效改善中青年居家腹膜透析患者的焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,显著提升其自我管理能力。     

形象化健康教育联合护理干预在慢阻肺患者中的应用

目的探讨形象化健康教育联合护理干预在慢阻肺患者中的应用效果。方法选取2019年2月至2020年1月我院收治的93例慢阻肺患者,依据干预方式的不同分为两组。对照组46例采用护理干预,观察组47例在对照组基础上采用形象化健康教育。比较两组干预前后的肺通气功能及自我护理能力。结果干预前,两组的FEV1、FEV1%水平及自我护理能力评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组的FEV1、FEV1%水平及自我护理能力评分均显著高于干预前,且观察组的各指标均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论形象化健康教育联合护理干预能够有效改善慢阻肺患者的肺通气功能,提高其自我护理能力。     

分级诊疗网络系统康复训练与健康教育对脊柱术后患者康复影响

目的探讨分级诊疗网络系统康复训练与健康教育对脊柱术后患者康复的影响。方法 110例脊柱术后社区患者分为两组各55例,对照组采用常规护理,实验组在对照组基础上采用分级诊疗网络系统康复训练与健康教育,比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,实验组的VAS、 ODI评分均低于对照组,JOA评分、 WHOQOL-100评分、掌握康复护理知识评分均高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论分级诊疗网络系统康复训练与健康教育能减轻患者的脊柱术后疼痛,增强腰椎功能,提高生活质量。     

品管圈对精神分裂症患者约束率及护理满意度的影响

目的总结和分析精神分裂症患者的护理中采用品管圈活动的临床效果。方法以本院于2017年8月—2019年6月收治的122例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,随机分为品管圈组和常规护理组,各61例。其中常规护理组患者选择传统的常规护理方法,而品管圈组患者则采取品管圈活动。比较两组患者的护理效果,对比指标主要有患者的约束率和护理满意度。结果品管圈组患者各项评价指标均优于常规护理组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者采用品管圈活动的总体临床效果较好,可提高患者的约束率,总体满意度高。     

The experiences of peer-facilitators delivering a physical activity intervention for emergency service workers and their families

IntroductionEmergency service workers (e.g. police, fire, ambulance officers) are regularly exposed to occupational stressors and potentially traumatic events, resulting in an increased risk of poor mental and physical health. For example, emergency service workers are twice as likely to experience suicidal thoughts compared to the general population and one in ten will develop posttraumatic stress disorder. Despite this, emergency service workers face barriers to accessing traditional mental healthcare. Physical activity is non-stigmatising and may help improve the mental and physical health of this population; however, novel ways to help people engage are needed. Peers with lived experience may be well-placed to co-deliver physical activity programs alongside health professionals. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences of peer-facilitators co-delivering an online physical activity intervention for emergency service workers and their families.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 6 peer-facilitators. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using exploratory thematic analysis.ResultsTwo main themes were explored. The first theme related to the value of lived experience that reflected two subthemes, i) credibility and relatedness by virtue of experience; and ii) knowledge and confidence by virtue of experience. The second theme related to the impact of the peer-facilitator role on the peers themselves, whereby peer-facilitators reported an increased sense of purpose and social connection.DiscussionThis qualitative study provides insights into how peer-facilitators can complement health professionals in the delivery of physical activity interventions for emergency service workers. Further research is needed to elucidate training requirements and safety protocols.     

Musculoskeletal injury survivors’ resiliency: A systematic review

BackgroundMusculoskeletal traumas are on the rise in the United States; however, limited studies are available to help trauma providers assess and treat concerns beyond the physical impact. Little is understood about the psychological, social, and spiritual factors that protect patients from adverse effects after a physical trauma or their experiences with each factor afterward.ObjectiveThis systematic review was conducted to investigate and review advancements in research related to risk and resiliency factors experienced by survivors of traumatic musculoskeletal injuries. The use of biopsychosocial-spiritual (BPS–S) framework and resiliency theory guided the analysis.MethodsResearchers reviewed 1003 articles, but only seven met the search criteria. Due to the complexity and uniqueness of traumatic brain injuries, studies on that target population were excluded.ResultsOf the seven articles reviewed, three identified psychological protective factors that protect against negative health outcomes; three identified negative psychological, social, or spiritual outcomes; and none investigated social or spiritual health.ConclusionsThere are significant gaps in the literature surrounding risk and resiliency factors related to the BPS-S health of musculoskeletal injury survivors.     

One health disparities and COVID-19

 The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected some communities and populations more than others. We propose that an interdisciplinary framework of ‘One Health Disparities’ advances understanding of the social and systemic issues that drive COVID-19 in vulnerable populations. One Health Disparities integrates the social environment with One Health perspectives on the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. To apply this framework, we consider One Health Disparities that emerge in three key components of disease transmission: exposure, susceptibility, and disease expression. Exposure disparities arise through variation in contact with COVID-19’s causative agent, SARS-CoV-2. Disparities in susceptibility and disease expression also exist; these are driven by biological and social factors, such as diabetes and obesity, and through variation in access to healthcare. We close by considering how One Health Disparities informs understanding of spillback into new animal reservoirs, and what this might mean for further human health disparities.Lay summaryOne Health focuses on interconnections between human, animal, and environmental health. We propose that social environments are also important to One Health and help illuminate disparities in the coronavirus pandemic, including its origins, transmission and susceptibility among humans, and spillback to other species. We call this framework One Health Disparities.     

Evaluation of the effect of a school garden as an educational didactic tool in vegetable and fruit consumption in teenagers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESIncreasing the consumption of vegetables and fruits in Mexico remains a challenge. Promoting sustainable food production systems through schools may be an effective way to educate young people about food and nutrition issues. A study of nutritional education in adolescents, based on the school garden, is necessary in order to evaluate its effects on the consumption of fruits and vegetables among middle- and upper-income segments of the population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention, accompanied by a school garden as an educational teaching tool, to improve vegetable and fruit consumption by Mexican teenagers attending a private middle/high school.SUBJECTS/METHODSTeenagers between 12 and 18 years of age (n = 126) attending a private middle/high school in Queretaro, Mexico participated in a 3-arm, controlled, comparative impact study using a vegetable and fruit consumption frequency questionnaire, food consumption diaries, a psychosocial factor assessment questionnaire of vegetable and fruit consumption, and structured interviews. The participants were randomized into 3 experimental groups: 1) food education + school garden (FE + SG), 2) FE only, and 3) control group (CG).RESULTSThe FE + SG and FE groups significantly increased the frequency and daily intake of vegetables and fruits compared to the CG. The FE + SG group showed greater understanding of, reflection upon, and analysis of the information they received about vegetable and fruit consumption, as well as a greater willingness to include these in their daily diet.CONCLUSIONSFE accompanied by a SG as a teaching tool is more effective at promoting vegetable and fruit consumption than either education alone or control in teenagers in middle-upper income segments of the population.     

Micronutrients and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Related to Cardiometabolic Health: Results from the EHES-LUX Study

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) characteristics include chronic inflammation and elevated oxidative stress. This study assessed associations between circulating concentrations of micronutrients/phytochemicals and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers with MetS and MetS components. Adults (N = 606) from the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg (2013–2015) were randomly selected. We performed a multivariable logistic regression model using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to identify MetS-associated variables. Participants with MetS had higher concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, leptin, insulin, and vitamins E/A, but lower concentrations of adiponectin, beta-carotene, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. A one-unit increase in log-CRP was associated with 51% greater odds of MetS (OR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.98)). Adults with a one-unit increase in log-leptin were 3.1 times more likely to have MetS (3.10 (2.10, 4.72)). Women with a one-unit increase in vitamin A were associated with 3% increased odds of MetS (1.03 (1.01, 1.05)), while those with a one-unit increase in log-adiponectin were associated with 82% decreased odds (0.18 (0.07, 0.46)). Chronic inflammation best characterized adults with MetS, as CRP, adiponectin, and leptin were selected as the main MetS determinants. Micronutrients did not seem to affect MetS, except for vitamin A in women.     

Curcumin,Quercetin, Catechins and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota

Polyphenols (PPs) are the naturally occurring bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, and they are the most abundant antioxidant in the human diet. Studies are suggesting that ingestion of PPs might be helpful to ameliorate metabolic syndromes that may contribute in the prevention of several chronic disorders like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and colon cancer. PPs have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as they accumulate in the large intestine and are extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM). Intestinal microbiota transforms PPs into their metabolites to make them bioactive. Interestingly, not only GM act on PPs to metabolize them but PPs also modulate the composition of GM. Thus, change in GM from pathogenic to beneficial ones may be helpful to ameliorate gut health and associated diseases. However, to overcome the low bioavailability of PPs, various approaches have been developed to improve their solubility and transportation through the gut. In this review, we present evidence supporting the structural changes that occur after metabolic reactions in PPs (curcumin, quercetin, and catechins) and their effect on GM composition that leads to improving overall gut health and helping to ameliorate metabolic disorders.