四川什邡地震灾区建筑工人艾滋病知识知晓率调查

目的了解四川地震灾区建筑工地援建人员艾滋病知识知晓情况,为对援建人员艾滋病知识宣教提供依据,最终达到提高援建人员对艾滋病的认识和自我保护能力。方法选取地震灾区什邡市大型建筑工地4家,对调查对象发放调查问卷,现场答卷,问卷当场收回,使用SPSS13.0对调查结果进行分析。结果援建人员艾滋病知识总知晓率为53.1%,知晓率较高的为共用注射针具能传播艾滋病和血液或血液制品能传播艾滋病,为84.4%;知晓率较低的为蚊虫叮咬不会传播艾滋病病毒,仅30.1%。结论援建人员对艾滋病知识总知晓率仍较低,但对部分艾滋病的认识已达到一定的水平,有针对性地对援建人员进行艾滋病知识的健康宣教,增强援建人员防制艾滋病的意识很有必要。     

Awareness of and attitude towards human papillomavirus infection and vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among adult males and females in Korea: A nationwide interview survey

We assessed adult male and female awareness and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and vaccination for cervical cancer prevention, as well as factors associated with willingness to be administered the HPV vaccine. A nationwide population-based interview survey was conducted in Korea. One thousand male and female adults were included with random sampling. Despite the fact that awareness of HPV infection (13.3%) and the preventive effect of HPV vaccination (8.6%) were low, willingness to vaccinate against HPV (55.0%) was relatively high, especially with regard to participants’ daughters (77.0%). Those who were informed about HPV infection (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.5 and 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.1–5.3 in males; aOR = 2.5 and 95% CI = 1.5–4.2 in females) or vaccination (aOR = 2.9 and 95% CI = 1.1–7.6 in males; aOR = 2.9 and 95% CI = 1.6–5.4 in females), or who perceived a susceptibility to HPV infection (aOR = 3.6 and 95% CI = 1.9–6.8 in males; aOR = 2.8 and 95% CI = 1.6–5.0 in females) were more accepting of vaccination than those who did not.     

苏北地区乙型肝炎防治知识知晓率调查

目的了解苏北地区居民乙型肝炎相关知识知晓率,为有针对性的开展乙型肝炎防治知识宣传教育奠定基础。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法 ,在苏北地区3个县(区)抽取部分居民进行问卷调查。结果苏北地区居民乙型肝炎防治知识总知晓率为49.73%。主要获取途径是电视(51.4%)。对乙型肝炎的三条传播途径的知晓率分别为41.2%、37.6%和23.3%。不同性别、居住地、文化层次居民乙型肝炎知识的知晓率不同(P0.01)。农村居民乙型肝炎防治知识知晓率相对较低。结论苏北地区居民乙型肝炎防治知识知晓率较低,存在城乡和文化差异,应针对苏北地区居民设计合适的乙型肝炎健康教育方式。     

福建省政和县农村居民及中学生结核病防治知识知晓率调查

目的了解福建省南平市政和县农村居民及中学生结核病防治知识知晓率,为开展健康教育和防治结核病工作提供依据。方法对该县平原区与高山区农村居民进行入户面对面询问式问卷调查,对抽样选中的平原区与高山区乡镇中学初三学生进行面对面询问式问卷调查。结果农村居民共调查584人,结核病防治知识总知晓率为55.8%,其中平原区农村居民为60.2%,高山区农村居民为51.8%,初三学生知晓率为72.5%,学生高于农村居民,平原区高于高山区。结论农村居民单项知识知晓率间差距较大,应采取适合该县的健康教育方式,力争在短时间内使农村居民结核病防治知识知晓率达80%的目标。     

Attitude and awareness of dentist towards resin bonded bridges in Saudi Arabia

Statement of the problemResin bonded bridges (RBBs) offer a conservative approach to tooth replacement. However, the use of this treatment option has been limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of dentists in Saudi Arabia, including general dental practitioners (GDPs) and prosthodontic and restorative specialists (SPs), toward RBBs.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, questionnaires designed to survey knowledge of RBB performance factors were distributed to GDPs and SPs (n = 400). Specifically, opinions of GDPs and SPs regarding clinical, mechanical, technique- and patient-dependent performance factors of RBBs were obtained. Average significance and Chi-square tests were used to identify the frequency, pattern, and significance of the response variables identified.ResultsA majority (65.3%) of the subjects reported using RBBs in less than 10% of their prosthodontic cases. The most common reason for the limited clinical application of RBBs was perceived poor retention (23.45%). In addition, SPs regarded the influence of enamel structure, number of pontics, cement type, RBB design, and surface treatment as “very significant” factors with respect to RBB survival. Overall, a statistically significant difference was observed between the responses of GDPs and SPs regarding their knowledge of performance factors for RBBs.ConclusionIn comparison to SPs, GDPs reported greater disagreement with current standards for RBB success factors. Moreover, 60% of SPs and 71% of GDPs used RBBs for less than 10% of their prosthodontic cases. Therefore, continuing education opportunities are needed for practicing dentists, and undergraduate students need to receive greater exposure to the clinical application of RBBs.     

马鞍山市孕期妇女服用叶酸状况及其影响因素分析

目的了解马鞍山市孕期妇女叶酸服用情况以及影响因素,为更好地开展孕前及早孕期保健提供依据。方法对市妇幼保健院进行产前检查的孕妇606人进行叶酸服用情况调查,采用Logistic回归分析影响孕期服用叶酸的相关因素。结果目标人群叶酸服用率为59.9%。听家人和朋友（28.7%）、医务人员（25.1%）说等途径是孕期妇女获得叶酸知识的主要来源。单因素分析发现,影响孕期妇女服用叶酸的主要影响因素为：年龄、教育程度、职业、对叶酸知识的了解程度。经过多因素Logistic回归分析发现,具有大专及以上教育程度、教师职业和对叶酸知识的了解程度与叶酸服用关系密切。结论为提高孕期妇女叶酸服用率,应该根据不同人群的特点加强宣传。     

冠心病患者认知与遵医行为相关因素的调查分析

目的 了解冠心病患者认知与遵医行为状况及其相关因素,为临床治疗、健康教育和临床护理提供相应的依据,并制定有利于冠心病患者控制的相应对策.方法 采用问卷调查法对345例住院冠心病患者进行冠心病认知和遵医行为调查,并分析其影响因素.结果 本组患者中,对冠心病的认知与遵医行为好的129例占37.4%,差的216例占62.6%,执行最差的是定期随访,最好的为遵医嘱服药;患者的性别、家庭来源、职业、文化程度、经济收入、家庭支持均对患者的认知和遵医行为有影响（P＜0.05）.结论 冠心病患者对疾病的认知和遵医行为不甚理想,医护人员应重视和加强冠心病患者的健康教育,并注意结合其影响因素,以达到提高冠心病控制率和降低其致死率的目的 .