脑室置管和腰椎穿刺行脑脊液置换治疗严重蛛网膜下腔出血44例报告

自1997年1月至2004年8月,我们应用侧脑室外引流和腰椎穿刺放液、脑脊液置换治疗严重自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)44例,效果良好。现报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男24例,女20例;年龄18岁~74岁,平均58岁,其中60岁以上20例,占45.4%。全部病人均行多次脑CT检查,均有广泛蛛网膜     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…     

Clearance of beta- amyloid from the CSF by the choroid plexus： implications in drug development for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease

The formation of insoluble aggregates of beta - amyloid peptide （ A ） within the brain extracellular fluid is a critical event in the etiology of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. In theory, an unbalanced A kinetics can be due to its over production, inadequate metabolic cleaning, or an improper balance of import or export of A or related molecules at brain barriers. We investigated the role of the choroid plexus, which forms a barrier between blood and brain cerebrospinal fluid （ CSF）, in regulating A in the CSF. A uptake from CSF was determined as its volume of distribution （ VD ） into isola- ted rat choroid plexus tissue by using [^125I] A 1-40 and along with a extracellular space marker [^14C ] sucrose. The choroid plexus exhibited a definite capacity in sequestering [^125I] A 1-40 from the surrounding CSF. Uptake of [^125I] A by the choroid plexus was saturable, time - and temperature - dependent, and not ttffected by addition of transthyretin or apolipoprotein E3. Studies with cultured monolayers of primary choroid epithelial cells indicated that A permeability across cells, corrected by [ ^14C] sucrose, was greater from the CSF -facing membrane than from the blood -facing membrane. Similarly, cellular accumulation of [ ^125 I ] A was concentrative from both directions and was greater from the CSF -facing membrane. Quantitative real- time RT- PCR, immunodetection and enzyme activity assays further revealed the presence of several key enzymes involved in A production, e. g. , amyloid precursor protein and beta - secretase, and in A metabolism and alternate processing, e. g. , insulin degrading enzyme, endothelin - converting enzyme - 1, neprilysin and alpha - secretase. Overall, these results suggest the choroid plexus selectively cleanses A from the CSF by an undetermined mechanism （s） ; moreover, it has the capacity to degrade A , suggesting a vital role of this tissue in maintaining A homeostasis. The perspectives of drug development for treatment of AD by reducing A from brain extracellular fluid as a new strategy will be discussed.     

鼻舒丸制备与临床应用

鼻舒丸是我院药剂科和鼻病专科根据中医理论联合研制的，笔者长期从事中药处方及制剂研究工作，发现其治疗鼻炎和鼻窦炎疗效显著，现总结如下：     

经口气管插管患者鼻胃管置入方法探讨

胃肠道营养支持是通过置入胃管，为患注入食物和药物，以提高抢救成功率。气管插管后，置入胃管有一定难度。我们采用不同方法为气管插管患100例安置胃管，成功率达100％。现介绍如下。     

免疫学检验与临床

肾脏疾病患儿血清免疫球蛋白及其亚类的变化;100例变态反应性疾病过敏原检测分析;慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者血清中常见变应原检测;[编者按]     

不同部位鼻中隔偏曲的鼻内镜手术矫正

近年来随着鼻内镜手术的不断普及,鼻内镜技术被广泛应用于鼻中隔手术。鼻中隔矫正手术的目的、适应证以及手术方法较过去有了明显不同。传统的鼻中隔黏膜下矫正术由于视野狭小,能见度差,术野暴露不充分,在对高位、后段和不规则的复杂鼻中隔偏曲患者施行手术时,常易出现矫正不彻     

肠内置管引流在左半结肠一期手术中的应用

我院2000年3月至2005年3月收治左侧结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻、乙状结肠扭转肠坏死、左侧结肠外伤破裂共35例。均急诊行病变肠段切除,结肠近段减压加灌洗后肠端端吻合,术后在吻合口处经肛肠内置管引流治疗,效果满意,报道如下。资料与方法1.一般资料收集我科2000年3月~2005年3月收治的左半结肠癌并梗阻病人24例,其中降结肠癌13例,乙状直肠癌7例,直肠癌4例;乙状结肠扭转并肠坏死6例;左半结肠外伤破裂5例(其中降结肠3例,乙状结肠2例);男性28例,女性7例,年龄21~70岁,平均58岁,其中60岁以上13例。梗阻距手术时间最长1.5天,最短0.5天。肠破裂创伤距手术…     

鼻内镜在局部鼻中隔偏曲手术中的临床应用

鼻中隔偏曲是耳鼻喉科多发且常见疾病，重要临床症状有头痛、鼻塞、鼻出血等症状，治疗方法以手术矫正为主，传统的手术方法是在额镜下行鼻中隔黏骨膜下切除手术，术后可出现鼻中隔血肿、鼻中隔穿孔等并发症，随着鼻内镜的临床应用，我科自2002年1月～2006年1月收治了265例鼻中隔偏曲的患者，其中局部偏曲的患者68例，在鼻内镜下行局部矫正手术，效果良好，现总结资料报告如下。