骨折患者牵引护理体会

牵引既有复位又有固定作用，能稳定骨折断端，止痛和促进骨折愈合，使关节置于功能位，便于关节活动，防止肌肉萎缩。在骨科应用广泛，是一种简便有效的治疗方法。尤其是对不宜手术的患者，也可以通过牵引达到治疗目的。     

中国狂热的美容外科——小腿延长术增高会使患者跛行

长期以来，经常用“不劳无获”与美容外科相关联，但它用在当今的中国恐怕是再合适不过了，那里无论男人、女人都愿意承受昂贵和痛苦的手术来改变他们的外形。     

Mckenzie疗法加手法牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症120例疗效观察

Mckenzie疗法加手法牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症120例，治愈86例，治愈率71．67％；显效32例，无效2例，有效率98．33％；对照组单纯Mckenzie疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症100例，治愈20例，治愈率20％，显效40例，无效35例，恶化5例，有效率60％。治疗组有效率明显高于对照组。     

枕颈"牵引后经络导平"治疗颈椎病的疗效观察

目的 非手术治疗颈椎病的疗效观察。方法 采用经络导平仪和低频磁疗分组治疗不同类型颈椎病258例。结果 治疗组的总有效率92．4％，对照组的总有效率72．1％，有显著差异。结论 牵引配合经络导平仪治疗颈椎病，无针无痛，疗效显著，安全可靠，无副作用。     

硬膜外间隙注药配合牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的观察硬膜外间隙注药配合牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症。方法162例经体查，X线、CT、MRI摄片确诊为腰椎间盘突出症。硬膜外间隙注入利多卡因lmg／kg与强的松龙lmg／kg的混合液10ml，注药1次／7d，3次为一疗程。并行牵引4h／d。结果疗效优良率94．4％。结论此疗效确切。     

Effect comparison between sacral blocking and massage combined with traction on protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc

Background:Epidural injection is an important method in treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc.Especially in the recent decade sacral injection is adopted more and more often.Objective:To compare the clinical effects of sacral blocking and massage combined with traction.Unit:Yinhe Hospital of Beijing.Subjects:290 outpatients with grade Ⅱ of ASAI were selected from May,1994 to July,2000.Patients were randomly divided into observation group(n=145)and control group(n=145).Sacral blocking was adopted in observation group and 80 males and 65 females aged 20-78(mean:46.4)years old were included with disease course 3 days to 30 years.Massage combined with treaction was adopted in control group and 74 males and 71 females aged 22-74(mean:44.9)years oled were inmcluded with disease course 2 days to 10 years.Interention:Sacral blocking:Operation was according to sacral blocking and druge(dexamethasone injection,2 mg;0.75% bupivavaine hydrochloride,5 ml;saline,50ml) were injected slowly after success of puncture.Patient rested for 0.5h after injection and left treatment room if no adverse effects occurred.Massage combined with traction:Massage was adopted after traction to every patients.(1)Massage:Patient was seated at square stool and lower limbs separated naturally with same width of shoulders.Doctors sit behind patient.First,thubs of both hands were pressed on projecting part near spinous process(pressing points were selected according to different projecting part).Flexing and extending forward and backward were taken at the same time and extent was ddecided addording to patients‘ maximal endurable degree,5-10 timmes.Upper part of body was turned 45 degrees to left and right.Massage was still taken to affected part,3-t times.(2)Traction:Pelvis was extracted with general physical therapy and massage table.Supine position,chest and treaction bandage were fixed,tractiron wheel was turned slowly until patient felt comfortable with maximal endurance as limit(traction force,20-40kg),After extracting for 5 minutes,massagee switch was turned on to take rolling massage to bck and both lower libmbs.Traction force was increased every5 minutes and limit was still according to patient‘s maximal endurance,30 minutes for every time,once a day and ten times as a therapeutic course.Cohclusion:Effect of sacral blocking on protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc was positive and fewer therapeutic time were needed.Massage combined with traction was also effective,safe and no adverse effects wer observed,but more therapeutic times were neeeded and inconveinient.     

小儿股骨干骨折的临床护理

小夹板外固定配合下肢悬吊皮牵引是治疗小儿股骨干骨折常用而有效的方法。由于患儿在治疗过程中配合欠佳，所以做好患儿护理工作显得更为重要。我院自2002年1月-2006年112月采用本法治疗小儿股骨干骨折21例，无一例出现并发症。本文仅就小儿股骨干骨折的护理问题谈几点体会。[第一段]     

尿道损伤早期手术治疗的体会

本文总结了尿道损伤早期手术治疗。认为尿道球部损伤早期手术吻合疗效是肯定的,在吻合过程中强调吻合质量,将断端修剪成斜面对端吻合,吻合时要求对位准确,确实可靠。可不必膀胱造瘘,术后一般不施尿道扩张。后尿道损伤会师加牵引是切实可行的,尿道会师时应强调操作轻巧,牵引重量和时间要适宜。对严重损伤并发休克者行膀胱造瘘的同时不应放弃尿道会师的机会加牵引效果是满意的。女性尿道完全断裂是少见的,经阴道尿道吻合困难不大,效果亦好。     

提上睑肌三阶梯手术矫正上睑下垂的临床应用

目的 探讨提上睑肌三阶梯手术矫正上睑下垂的适应范围及效果。方法 根据提上睑肌肌力和上睑下垂的程度，将患者分为三组。A组为提上睑肌肌力好，上睑呈轻度下垂者。单纯采用提上睑肌徙前术矫正。B组为提上睑肌有一定的肌力，上睑呈中度下垂者。在提上睑肌徙前术的基础上。行提上睑肌缩短术矫正。C组为提上睑肌肌力差，上睑呈重度下垂者。在提上睑肌徙前、缩短术的基础上行提上睑肌反折悬吊术矫正。结果 87例患者术后随访6～30个月，上睑缘位于角膜缘下1mm．眼睑弧度自然，两眼对称，眼睑闭合自如，无暴露性角膜炎及结膜脱垂等并发症，效果满意。结论 提上睑肌徙前、缩短、反折悬吊三阶梯手术，可广泛适用于矫正不同程度的上睑下垂。