不同冲洗方法对粪肠球菌感染根管的抗菌性研究

目的比较超声、Er,Cr：YSGG激光及Er：YAG激光辅助1%次氯酸钠（NaOCl）溶液冲洗对人离体牙根管表面粪肠球菌生物膜及根尖区不同深度牙本质小管内粪肠球菌的杀灭效果。 方法单直根管下颌前磨牙42颗,建立粪肠球菌生物膜感染的根管模型,采用随机字表法随机抽取2颗确定建成粪肠球菌生物膜感染根管模型,剩余40颗牙采用随机数字表法按随机对照原则分为5组,每组8颗。A组：5.25% NaOCl联合17%乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）注射器冲洗;B组：0.9%氯化钠溶液注射器冲洗;C组：1% NaOCl溶液超声荡洗;D组：1% NaOCl溶液Er：YAG激光活化冲洗;E组：1% NaOCl溶液Er,Cr：YSGG激光活化冲洗。按分组进行处理后取样菌落计数,计算灭菌率。使用SPSS 17.0统计软件对实验数据进行方差齐性及正态性检验比较各组间和组内的灭菌率。 结果（1）组间比较：对根管壁表面,各组冲洗方法灭菌率比较,B组（5.74%）相似文献   

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根管冲洗对根管的消毒和清理起着重要作用,冲洗液可以通过冲洗碎屑、溶解组织和消毒根管系统而提高机械预备的效力。次氯酸钠（NaClO）是目前世界范围内临床上使用最广泛的根管冲洗液之一。本文就NaClO的作用及相应机制、提高使用效率的方法、不良反应、与其他冲洗液联合应用等方面做一综述。     

Effects of different irrigation solutions on root dentine microhardness,smear layer removal and erosion

This study aimed to compare the effects of different irrigants on root dentine microhardness, erosion and smear layer removal. A total of 72 root dentine slices were divided into six groups, according to the final irrigants used: Group 1: 17% ethylenediamine tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA) + 2.5% NaOCl, Group 2: 7% maleic acid (MA) + 2.5% sodium hypochloride (NaOCl), Group 3: 1.3% NaOCl + mixture of tetracycline, acid and detergent (MTAD), Group 4: Smear Clear + 2.5% NaOCl, Group 5: 5% NaOCl, Group 6: saline. Vickers microhardness values were measured before and after treatment. In total, 42 root‐halves were prepared for scanning electron microscope to evaluate the amount of smear and erosion in the coronal, middle and apical thirds. Data were analysed using two‐way anova , Duncan and two‐proportion z‐tests. Maleic acid showed the greatest reduction in dentine microhardness (P < 0.05), followed by EDTA and MTAD. EDTA, maleic acid, MTAD and Smear Clear removed smear layer efficiently in the coronal and middle thirds of root canal. However, in the apical region, maleic acid showed more efficient removal of the smear layer than the other irrigants (P < 0.05).     

Root canal debridement efficacy of different final irrigation protocols

Al-Ali M, Sathorn C, Parashos P. Root canal debridement efficacy of different final irrigation protocols. International Endodontic Journal,?45, 898-906, 2012. ABSTRACT: Aim To compare the smear layer and debris removal effectiveness of four root canal irrigation protocols as well as their effectiveness in removing remaining soft tissues in curved root canals. Methodology The mesiobuccal and mesial root canals of 107 extracted human maxillary and mandibular molars were instrumented using Mtwo rotary NiTi instruments then randomly divided into four groups according to a final rinse protocol: Group 1 (n?=?28) - manual agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA; Group 2 (n?=?26) - CanalBrush agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA; Group 3 (n?=?26) - 3% H(2) O(2) alternated with 1% NaOCl; Group 4 (n?=?27) - passive ultrasonic agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA. All irrigation protocols were performed in a closed system. Eleven roots per group were prepared and histologically stained (H&E) to assess percentage of remaining pulpal tissues in the apical thirds. The remaining specimens were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscope at ×2000 magnification to assess smear layer and debris removal. Image Pro Plus 6.0 software was used to analyse smear layer and remaining pulp tissue. Debris presence was scored by two blinded investigators using a five-point scale. Data were analysed using Univariate analysis of variance (GenStat 13, α?=?0.05). Results CanalBrush and passive ultrasonic irrigation were equally effective with significantly less smear layer and debris than manual agitation and H(2) O(2) alternated with NaOCl (P?相似文献   

绿洲区滴灌苜蓿优质高效生产管理与科学施策

合理的生产管理与科学施策是苜蓿获得优质高产的重要保障,本文为滴灌苜蓿优质高效生产提供参考和依据。根据作者多年的田间试验研究结果、生产实践调查及结合相关文献分析,从滴灌苜蓿田间供水、滴灌带合理布置、最佳播种期选择、施肥策略、田间生长管理、干草收获时间选择及田间干燥技术等方面,将滴灌苜蓿生产理论与实践相结合,系统阐述了绿洲区滴灌苜蓿优质高效生产的田间管理措施及注意事项,提出了滴灌苜蓿优质高效生产的管理模式与科学施策。以期为绿洲区滴灌苜蓿的优质高效生产制定合理的田间管理制度提供科学依据及实际生产指导。     

马归液膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的临床疗效分析

目的：研究马归液膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的疗效及安全性。方法选取我院2012年1月至2015年7月间符合纳入标准的患者61例,将选入的患者随机分为马归液组39例和吡柔比星组22例,其中马归液组予以自制中药马归液进行膀胱灌注治疗,吡柔比星组予以吡柔比星进行膀胱灌注治疗。结果经治疗后,马归液组的治疗有效率高于吡柔比星组,且有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组治疗前与治疗后各组最大尿流率、平均尿流率的比较均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,两组间比较,最大尿流率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）、平均尿流率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论采用马归液膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎具有确切疗效。     

不同体位对经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术患者术中冲洗液吸收的影响

目的:观察头低足高截石体位(LP)对接受经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术(PKRP)患者术中冲洗液吸收的影响。方法:80例BPH患者,择期在腰硬联合麻醉下行PKRP术,随机分为两组,每组40例:0°LP组,常规截石体位,手术床保持水平;-10°LP组,常规截石体位,手术床头低足高倾斜10°。采用含1%乙醇的生理盐水溶液作为术中冲洗液。手术开始即刻,以及随后每10 min应用数字乙醇检测仪对患者呼出气中乙醇浓度进行测试并记录。同时记录两组手术时间,手术期间静脉输注晶体及胶体液量和切除前列腺组织的重量。监测并记录患者的平均动脉血压(MAP)和心率(HR),比较两组患者手术开始前5 min,开始后30 min,手术结束时的MAP和HR。通过动脉血气分析,测定手术开始前、开始后1 h动脉血Na^+、K^+、Cl^-、Ca^2+浓度。结果:两组患者年龄、身高、体重、前列腺体积等无显著差异,术中各时间点MAP和HR亦无显著差异。与术前5 min相比,0°LP组患者手术开始后1 h测得K^+及Ca^2+浓度显著低于术前水平[K^+:(3.49±0.33)mmol/L vs(3.64±0.29)mmol/L,P=0.002;Ca^2+:(1.13±0.04)mmol/L vs(1.16±003)mmol/L,P=0.001],Cl-浓度显著高于术前水平[(108.7±2.3)mmol/L vs(106.9±2.2)mmol/L,P=0.006],而Na^+浓度无明显变化[(139.4±1.6)mmol/L vs(139.7±1.5)mmol/L,P=0.231]。-10°LP组患者Ca^2+浓度低于术前[(1.13±0.04)mmol/L vs(1.14±0.04)mmol/L,P=0.016],Na^+[(140.0±2.0)mmol/L vs(140.3±1.8)mmol/L,P=0.156]、K+[(3.47±0.34)mmol/L vs(3.49±0.36)mmol/L,P=0.506]及Cl^-[(109.1±2.5)mmol/L vs(108.2±2.6)mmol/L,P=0.071]浓度均无明显变化。0°LP组有6例患者(15%),-10°LP组有4例(10%)患者术中冲洗液吸收量>1500 ml,两组比较无统计学差异。结论:头低足高倾斜10°截石位,显著减轻PKRP手术导致的K^+降低,Cl^-升高,但不影响其他电解质变化。