How Do Disadvantaged Parents View Tensions in Their Relationships? Insights for Relationship Longevity Among At‐Risk Couples*

Abstract: Drawing on longitudinal, qualitative interviews with parents in the Fragile Families Study, this paper examines the narrative frames through which partners in stable and unstable unions viewed tensions over economic issues, domestic responsibilities, personal problems, communication, trust, and their family and social networks. These interviews suggest that parents in stable unions framed tensions as manageable within the context of a relationship they perceived to be moving forward, whereas those in unstable unions viewed tensions as intolerable in relationships they considered volatile. Three years later, parents’ narrative frames generally guided their decisions about maintaining or dissolving relationship, but some parents changed their interpretations in response to unexpected positive or negative events, with important implications for union longevity.     

全员育人视角下医学院校行政管理人员育人功能探析

在全员育人的视角下,行政管理人员对于大学生的育人作用不容忽视.基于德商理念的有关探讨并结合医学院校学生的特点,行政管理人员需要明确自身职责和定位,增强育人和服务意识,为学生做出良好的行为示范,充分发挥其育人功能.     

在早期负荷情况下植入犬下颌骨的镍钛形状记忆合金种植体界面的光镜及电镜观察

目的：观察一段式镍钛形状记忆合金种植体早期负荷条件下的界面组织学，以期为临床应用提供科学依据。方法：模拟临床实验利用光镜、SEM及TEM观察了镍钛形状记忆合金种值体早期负荷条件下骨与种值体的界面情况。结果：1．X线片显示：镍钛形状记忆合金种值体呈分叉状牢固长于颌骨中，与周围骨组织结合紧密，呈骨性结合。2．光镜下：HE及Masson染色，见界面周围大量成熟骨组织与种植体紧密接触哈佛氏（Havers’）系统清晰可见，无结缔组织膜样结构存在。3．SEM显示：骨床陷窝内多见成熟的骨细胞。4．TEM显示：致密成熟的I型胶原纤维笔种植体紧密接触，或垂直或平行于种值体表面，成熟的骨细胞距离界面较近的位置。结论：1．一般式镍钛形状记忆合金种值体在早期负荷条件下获得了骨整合。2．镍钛形状记忆合金种值体具有极佳的生物相容性和初期稳定性。3．在早期负荷时保持种值体的稳定性是保证骨整合形成的十分重要的因素。     

曲马多骨架缓释片的研究

曲马多骨架缓释片采用氢化植物油，羟丙甲纤维素等辅料压制而在。体外释放度实验中，８ｈ累积释放量大于７５％，其释放行为符合Ｈｉｇｕｃｈｉ方程。本品在加速稳定性实验条件下较为稳定。     

法夫酵母色素的组成与性质

对法夫酵母色素的组成及其光谱特性和稳定性进行了研究.结果表明法夫酵母色素是由10多种类胡萝卜素组成，其中虾青素为78%；色素呈亮丽的红色，对热较敏感，对自然光、紫外光、氧很敏感，色拉油和抗氧化剂对其有一定的保护作用.     

Syntheses,characterization and application of cross‐linked polystyrene−ethyleneglycol acrylate resin (CLPSER) as a novel polymer support for polypeptide syntheses

Abstract: Cross‐linked polystyrene?ethyleneglycol acrylate resin (CLPSER) was developed for the solid‐phase synthesis of peptide by introducing a cross‐linker, O,O′‐bis(2‐acrylamidopropyl)polyethylene glycol₁₉₀₀ (Acr₂PEG), into polystyrene. The cross‐linker was prepared by treating acryloyl chloride with O,O′‐bis(2‐aminopropyl) polyethylene glycol₁₉₀₀[(NH₂)₂PEG] in the presence of diisopropylethylamine. The copolymer was prepared either by bulk or inverse suspension copolymerization of Acr₂PEG₁₉₀₀ and styrene using sorbitan monolaurate as the suspension stabilizer, and a mixture of ammonium peroxodisulfate and benzoyl peroxide as the radical initiators. The resin was characterized using gel‐phase ¹³C NMR, infrared (KBr) spectroscopic techniques and the morphological features of the resin were investigated using scanning electron microscopy photographs. CLPSER showed excellent swelling in a broad range of solvents and was found to be chemically inert to various reagents and solvents used in solid‐phase peptide synthesis. To demonstrate the usefulness of the new resin in polypeptide synthesis, the support was derivatized with an ‘internal reference’ amino acid (norleucine) and a handle 4‐(4‐hydroxymethyl‐3‐methoxy)butyric acid. The new resin was compared with commercial supports such as Merrifield and Sheppard resins by synthesizing an acyl carrier protein (65?74) fragment under the same experimental conditions. HPLC profiles revealed the high efficiency of the newly developed support. Resin capability in peptide synthesis was further demonstrated by the solid phase synthesis of a 25‐residue peptide from the E2/NS1 region hepatitis C viral polyprotein.     

Shear bond strength between resin and zirconia with two different silane blends

Abstract

Objective. To study in vitro the effect of two cross-linking silanes, bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine, blended with an organofunctional silane coupling agent, (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, on the shear bond strength between resin-composite cement and silicatized zirconia after dry storage and thermocycling. Materials and methods. Six tested groups of 90 samples of yttria stabilized zirconia were used for sample preparation. The surfaces of the zirconia were silica-coated. 3M ESPE Sil silane was used as a control. Solutions of (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane with cross-linking silanes bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine were applied onto the surface of silicatized zirconia. 3M ESPE RelyX resin-composite cement was bonded onto the silicatized and silanized zirconia surface and light-cured. Three groups were tested under dry condition and the other three groups were tested for thermocycling. The shear bond strength was measured using a materials testing instrument. Group mean shear bond strengths were analysed by ANOVA at a significant level of p < 0.05. The zirconia surface composition was analysed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Results. The highest shear bond strength was 11.8 ± 3.5 MPa for (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane blended with bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (dry storage). There was a significant difference between mean shear bond strength values for (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane blended with two cross-linking silanes, bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine, after thermocycling (p < 3.9 × 10^?8). Various surface treatments of zirconia influenced the surface roughness (p < 4.6 × 10^?6). The chemical composition analysis showed there was an increase in silicon and oxygen content after sandblasting. Conclusions. The results suggest that the combination of functional (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane with cross-linking bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine showed superior hydrolytic stability than with bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane.     

Design and Structure–Activity Relationship of a Potent Furin Inhibitor Derived from Influenza Hemagglutinin

Furin plays an important role in various pathological states, especially in bacterial and viral infections. A detailed understanding of the structural requirements for inhibitors targeting this enzyme is crucial to develop new therapeutic strategies in infectious diseases, including an urgent unmet need for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Previously, we have identified a potent furin inhibitor, peptide Ac-RARRRKKRT-NH₂ (CF1), based on the highly pathogenic avian influenza hemagglutinin. The goal of this study was to determine how its N-terminal part (the P8–P5 positions) affects its activity profile. To do so, the positional-scanning libraries of individual peptides modified at the selected positions with natural amino acids were generated. Subsequently, the best substitutions were combined together and/or replaced by unnatural residues to expand our investigations. The results reveal that the affinity of CF1 can be improved (2–2.5-fold) by substituting its P5 position with the small hydrophobic residues (Ile or Val) or a basic Lys.     

The importance of children's ADHD for parents' relationship stability and labor supply

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have much worse long-term outcomes than other children. This paper uses Danish register-based data on children born from 1990 to 1997 to investigate the significance of children's ADHD for parents' outcomes. We observe 172,299 pairs of parents from 1990 to 2007 of which 2457 have a firstborn child diagnosed with ADHD and 169,842 have a firstborn child without ADHD. Ten years after the birth of the child, parents of children diagnosed with ADHD have a 75% higher probability of having dissolved their relationship and a 7–13% lower labor supply. Parents of children with ADHD are, however, particularly disadvantaged in terms of socioeconomic background and mental health. We explain about half of the gaps in partnership stability and labor supply when these factors are taken into consideration, but a statistically and economically significant gap remains to be explained. Additionally, we find that the receipt of a diagnosis to some extent moderates the influence of underlying ADHD on partnership stability. Still, our study concludes that poor child health in terms of ADHD reduces parental socioeconomic status (SES) by lowering their labor supply (and earnings) and reducing relationship stability.