磨玻璃结节样肺腺癌MSCT征象与Ki67、PKM2、SPINK1蛋白表达的相关性研究

目的:探讨磨玻璃结节(GGO)样肺腺癌的MSCT征象与Ki67、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶PKM2蛋白及丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂Kazal 1型(SPINK1)表达间的相关性。方法:选择手术治疗的80例肺腺癌患者作为研究对象,对患者进行胸部MSCT扫描,测量并记录结节大小、实性部分最大径、类型、个数、形态、边缘及内部结构特征;采用免疫组织化学检测组织标本中的Ki67、PKM2、SPINK1蛋白表达水平。结果:单因素分析结果显示,Ki67的表达水平与MSCT征象中的结节单发或多发(χ^2=5.805,P=0.016)、有无分叶征(χ^2=5.725,P=0.017)相关;PKM2的表达水平与MSCT征象中的形态(χ^2=4.357,P=0.037)、有无分叶征(χ^2=11.116,P=0.001)、胸膜凹陷征(χ^2=5.440,P=0.020)及实性部分最大径(t=3.119,P=0.003)相关;SPINK1的表达水平与MSCT征象中的结节类型(χ^2=4.692,P=0.030)、有无分叶征(χ^2=9.483,P=0.002)和胸膜凹陷征(χ^2=4.357,P=0.037)相关。二元Logistic分析结果显示,MSCT征象中出现分叶征是肺腺癌Ki67高表达的独立危险因素(OR=3.842,95%CI:1.501~9.839,P=0.005),出现分叶征(OR=5.861,95%CI:1.970~17.439,P=0.001)和胸膜凹陷征(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.348~11.138,P=0.012)是PKM2高表达的独立危险因素,出现分叶征(OR=5.472,95%CI:1.978~15.138,P=0.001)和胸膜凹陷征(OR=3.536,95%CI:1.284~9.735,P=0.015)是肺腺癌PKM2高表达的独立危险因素。结论:MSCT征象中的分叶征和胸膜凹陷征有助于预测磨玻璃结节样肺腺癌Ki67、PKM2、SPINK1的表达状态,从而为疾病的预后评估和临床诊治提供参考依据。     

硅纳米颗粒诱导小鼠间充质干细胞成骨分化和迁移的体外研究*

目的 通过溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米尺径的硅基生物活性颗粒（SBPs）,检测其对间充质干细胞（MSCs）成骨分化和迁移的作用。方法 通过溶胶-凝胶法合成SBPs,通过扫描电镜和ZATA电位分析仪检测颗粒的物理特征。在培养基中添加SBPs配置成系列浓度的条件培养基,检测不同浓度的SBPs对小鼠MSCs增殖、成骨分化和迁移的影响。结果 SBPs的平均直径为134.3 nm,并且呈均匀分散球形颗粒。不同浓度的SBPs对MSCs增殖无影响;但4 µg/mL的SBPs对细胞成骨分化有明显的促进作用;高浓度（>16 µg/mL）的SBPs抑制MSCs的成骨分化;4 µg/mL的SBPs对MSCs有明显的促进迁移的作用。结论 在适宜浓度范围内（1 ～ 4 μg/mL）,SBPs具有促成骨作用和诱导MSCs迁移,未来可能被用来与其他生物材料复合制备新型的骨移植材料。     

Radical Copolymerization Reactivity of N‐Substituted Maleimides with α‐Substituted Styrenes with Various N‐ and α‐Substituents and the Thermal and Optical Properties of the Resulting Copolymers

The radical alternating copolymerization of N‐substituted maleimides (RMIs) with N‐methyl, n‐butyl, and 2‐ethylhexyl groups and styrene derivatives with various α‐substituents (RSs) is carried out. The yield and the molecular weight of the obtained copolymers significantly decrease with an increase in the size of the α‐substituent of RSs, but are independent of the N‐substituents. The glass‐transition temperature of the copolymers increases on the introduction of the large substituents into the RS repeating units. The high‐molecular‐weight poly(RMI‐alt‐RS)s are soluble in organic solvents and provide flexible and transparent films with excellent transparency by casting the solutions.

     

Helicobacter pylori infection: A brief overview on alternative natural treatments to conventional therapy

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric pathogen considered as the etiologic agent of several gastric disorders, that may range from chronic gastritis to more severe outcomes, including gastric cancer. The current therapeutic scheme relies on the combination of several pharmacological substances, namely antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. However, the cure rates obtained have been declining over the years, mostly due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In this context, the use of non-antibiotic substances is of the utmost importance regarding H. pylori eradication. In this review, we present different classes of compounds obtained from natural sources that have shown to present anti-H. pylori potential; we briefly highlight their possible use in the context of developing new therapeutic approaches.     

Case of solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma: Pathological features based on frozen section analysis

Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma (SPCH) is a rare benign lung tumor that must be distinguished from small and early lung cancers. Here, we report a case of SPCH for which we performed frozen section diagnosis. The patient was a 55‐year‐old Japanese woman. Five years before the operation, mixed ground‐glass opacity was detected by computed tomography in the left posterior basal segment of the lower lobe (S10). Because the interior tumor density of the ground‐glass opacity increased slightly, video‐assisted thoracic surgery wedge resection was performed. Frozen section diagnosis revealed a benign tumor without proliferation of atypical epithelial cells. The tumor had narrow alveolar lumens, thickened alveolar septa and a clear boundary separating it from normal lung tissue. The proliferated lumens varied in size and were lined with single layers of flat cells. After the operation, immunohistochemical staining of a paraffin section revealed that the thickened alveolar septa resulted from the proliferation of capillary vessels, the flat cells of which were positive for CD31 and CD34 and negative for podoplanin; the tumor was diagnosed as SPCH. Here, we discuss the pathological features of SPCH on frozen sections with reference to this case and review previous related reports.     

An in vitro assessment and comparative effectiveness of silanized-glutaraldehyde functionalized titanium surfaces with phosphatidylcholine and type I collagen grafts

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate sequence-modified Ti surfaces functionalized with silanized glutaraldehyde and further grafted with the active biomolecules of phosphatidylcholine and type I collagen (COL I).MethodsThe properties of the functional surfaces were investigated by various surface analysis techniques and characterized their capability in osteogenic cell attachment, differentiation, and mineralization in vitro.ResultsThe Ti surfaces grafted with phosphatidylcholine and COL I effectively improved the hydrophilicity. In addition, an effect of COL I concentrations (higher than 2.5 μg/mL) do not stimulate subsequent alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity during osteogenesis in vitro. However, the result is different in phosphatidylcholine, that is, as the concentration of phosphatidylcholine increased enhances subsequent osteogenetic properties. The Ti groups with bioactive molecules affected cell characteristics in vitro in contrast to the controlled Ti group. The proliferation and differentiation levels of osteoprogenetor cells were enhanced and ALP was strongly expressed in the groups grafted with phosphatidylcholine and COL I.SignificanceThis modification promotes progenitor bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and thus drastically improves the success rate for implant modification by accelerating surface osseointegration.     

Effects of chitosan and bioactive glass modifications of knitted and rolled polylactide‐based 96/4 L/D scaffolds on chondrogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells

The performance of biodegradable knitted and rolled 3‐dimensional (3D) polylactide‐based 96/4 scaffolds modified with bioactive glass (BaG) 13‐93, chitosan and both was compared with regard to the viability, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit adipose stem cells (ASCs). Scaffold porosities were determined by micro‐computed tomography (μCT). Water absorption and degradation of scaffolds were studied during 28‐day hydrolysis in Tris‐buffer. Viability, number and differentiation of ASCs in PLA96/4 scaffolds were examined in vitro. The dimensions of the scaffolds were maintained during hydrolysis and mass loss was detected only in the BaG13‐93 containing scaffolds. ASCs adhered and proliferated on each scaffold type. Cell aggregation and expression of chondral matrix components improved in all scaffold types in chondrogenic medium. Signs of hypertrophy were detected in the modified scaffolds but not in the plain PLA96/4 scaffold. Chondrogenic differentiation was most enhanced in the presence of chitosan. These findings indicate that the plain P scaffold provided a good 3D‐matrix for ASC proliferation whereas the addition of chitosan to the PLA96/4 scaffold induced chondrogenic differentiation independent of the medium. Accordingly, a PLA96/4 scaffold modified by chitosan could provide a functional and bioactive basis for tissue‐engineered chondral implants. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.