入侵容忍技术在身份认证系统中的应用

结合SITAR分布式入侵容忍体系结构和ITPAS密码认证体系统的特点，提出了一个具有入侵容忍功能的分布式密码认证系统模型，并在设计中考虑了冗余、多样性、代理、共享秘密和分布式入侵检测等技术，以求解决认证服务的入侵容忍问题和密码数据库的防字典攻击问题。     

应用微型种植体支抗压低犬切牙过程中牙周组织改建的实验研究

目的:应用微型种植体支抗压低犬切牙,观察此方法压低牙齿时牙周组织的改建情况,为种植体支抗压低牙齿的正畸临床应用提供理论依据和应用指导.方法:实验犬6只,在两侧上颌第二切牙与第三切牙颊侧牙槽中隔各植入一枚微型种植体,上颌6颗切牙通过个别带环焊接托槽与片段弓丝连扎,用镍钛拉簧每侧施加120 g力.分别于加力后0, 1, 3, 7, 14和30 d处死实验犬,取切牙及其牙周组织进行X光片检查,以及标本处理、组织切片、HE染色观察.结果:切牙根尖区与牙槽嵴顶部牙周组织改建最为活跃,主要表现为骨质吸收;此外切牙唇腭侧牙周组织也发生了明显的改建活动.结论:应用种植体支抗压低犬切牙时,切牙除了实现垂直向的压低移动以外,同时还发生了冠唇向根舌向的转动,这对于该方法的正畸临床应用具有一定的指导意义.若压低牙齿力值过大, 会导致牙根尖吸收,因此在临床应用中应重点注意力值大小的选择,并应尽可能使用持续性的力量压低牙齿.     

Delayed removal of a fully intruded primary incisor through the nasal cavity: a case report

Abstract – Complete intrusion of a primary anterior tooth may initially be diagnosed as an avulsion injury. The importance of a correct first clinical and radiological examination of a young patient who has sustained trauma to the anterior primary teeth is stressed in this article. This issue is illustrated by a case presentation where a 3-year-old girl had a delayed treatment of 5 days after a primary incisor was fully impacted by a fall trauma into the nasal cavity. This was due to an incomprehensible clinical and radiological examination by the first examining dentist. The impacted tooth was later removed through the right nostril under general anesthesia. Two-year follow-up showed no adverse clinical or radiological problems even though eruption of the permanent successor had not taken place at that time.     

Absolute quantification of human liver metabolite concentrations by localized in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy in diffuse liver disease

Phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy using slice selection (DRESS) was used to investigate the absolute concentrations of metabolites in the human liver. Absolute concentrations provide more specific biochemical information compared to spectrum integral ratios. Nine patients with histopathologically proven diffuse liver disease and 12 healthy individuals were examined in a 1.5-T MR scanner (GE Signa LX Echospeed plus). The metabolite concentration quantification procedures included: (1) determination of optimal depth for the in vivo measurements, (2) mapping the detection coil characteristics, (3) calculation of selected slice and liver volume ratios using simple segmentation procedures and (4) spectral analysis in the time domain. The patients had significantly lower concentrations of phosphodiesters (PDE), 6.3±3.9 mM, and ATP-, 3.6±1.1 mM, (P<0.05) compared with the control group (10.0±4.2 mM and 4.2±0.3 mM, respectively). The concentrations of phosphomonoesters (PME) were higher in the patient group, although this was not significant. Constructing an anabolic charge (AC) based on absolute concentrations, [PME]/([PME] + [PDE]), the patients had a significantly larger AC than the control subjects, 0.29 vs. 0.16 (P<0.005). Absolute concentration measurements of phosphorus metabolites in the liver are feasible using a slice selective sequence, and the technique demonstrates significant differences between patients and healthy subjects.     

Reduction in pediatric hospitalizations for varicella-related invasive group A streptococcal infections in the varicella vaccine era

OBJECTIVES: To assess changes in hospitalization rates for invasive group A streptococcal (IGAS) and varicella-associated IGAS (VA-IGAS) infections at a pediatric hospital over a period of 9 years, to characterize clinical features of patients with IGAS infections, and to assess frequency of macrolide-resistant IGAS isolates.Study design Medical records of all hospitalized patients with group A streptococcus isolated from a normally sterile site from 1993 to 2001 were reviewed. Data collected included demographics, clinical course, microbiologic features, outcome, and presence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) or necrotizing fasciitis (NF). Annual hospitalization rates for IGAS were determined. RESULTS: There were 144 patients with IGAS infections, including 11 (8%) with STSS or NF. Overall mortality rate was 2% (3/144) but 18% (2/11) among patients with STSS or NF. Preexisting varicella was present in 16% (23/144); 4 of 23 VA-IGAS cases had STSS or NF. Although there was no change in annual hospitalization rates for IGAS infections during the study period, the percentage of VA-IGAS hospitalizations decreased from 27% in the prevaccine era (1993 to 1995), to 16% during vaccine implementation (1996 to 1998) and 2% during widespread vaccine use (1999 to 2001) (linear-by-linear association, P=.001). Macrolide resistance was low in 1993 to 1995 (5%, 1/19) and 1996 to 1998 (0%, 0/42) among tested IGAS isolates and increased significantly in 1999 to 2001 (13%, 5/38) (Fisher exact, P=.035). CONCLUSIONS: A decline in pediatric varicella-related IGAS hospitalizations was temporally associated with utilization of varicella vaccine. These data reinforce the importance of universal varicella vaccination for children. Increasing macrolide resistance among IGAS isolates indicates a need for continued surveillance.     

Intranasal bioavailability of insulin from carbopol-based gel spray in rabbits

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nasal absorption of insulin from a carbopol-based nasal gel spray in rabbits. An insulin nasal gel was prepared by dispersing carbopol in distilled water, followed by the addition of insulin solution, then neutralization and viscosity adjustment. The nasal absorption of insulin from the gel, in conscious rabbits, was evaluated in comparison with absorption from an insulin solution. The absolute bioavailability of insulin from the nasal gel was studied using blood glucose level in comparison to intravenous injection. The insulin gel formulation produced a significant hypoglycemic response in rabbits, whereas no response was seen following administration of the insulin solution formulation. The bioavailability of insulin from the nasal gel formulation was 20.6% compared with the intravenous injection. The results of the present study suggest that the carbopol gel promotes the nasal absorption of insulin in rabbit model and due to its sprayability with commercially available spray pumps, could be considered as a preferred platform in nasal drug administration.     

Re-infused autologous graft natural killer cells correlates with absolute lymphocyte count recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation

Early absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) has been reported to be a powerful prognostic indicator of survival after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). One possible source affecting ALC recovery includes the re-infused autologous graft lymphocytes (AGL). To assess if the re-infused AGL correlate with ALC recovery post-ASCT, we conducted a pilot study to identify which of the re-infused AGL subsets is most associated with day 15 ALC recovery in three patients with multiple myeloma and four patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis ( r ), we compared absolute numbers of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD16+/CD56+ cells/kg of body weight from the apheresis product with ALC (cells/ μl) at day 15 post-ASCT. The main lymphocyte subsets identified in the apheresis product were T cells and NK cells. There was no strong correlation between T or B cells from the apheresis product compared with the ALC at day 15 post-ASCT (CD3, r =0.21; CD4, r =0.32; CD8, r =0.39; and CD19, r =0.14 ). However, there was good correlation between NK cells from the apheresis product compared with ALC at day 15 post-ASCT (CD16+/CD56+/CD3 -, r =0.77 ). These data provide preliminary evidence that the number of re-infused autologous graft NK cells in the apheresis product significantly affect ALC recovery early post-ASCT. However, given the small sample size, our results are primarily hypothesis generating and subject of further research.     

CT引导下穿刺注射无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿体会

肾囊肿性疾病相当常见，它分为单发、多发囊肿和多囊。爵，较大或有症状时过去需要外科手术治疗。近来用CT引导下行无水酒精固化疗法治疗，在临床上逐渐得到推广应用。本院近年应用此术治疗爵囊肿，效果良好，现报告如下。     

Effects of Electric Stimulations Applied During Absolute Refractory Period on Ventricular Muscle from Rabbits

Although eurrent therapies for heart failure havebeen shown toP功long survival and to imProve qualityof life in both experimental and elinieal studies,themortality remains high for this eondition.Sinee priorsrudies showed worsened survival with long termp…