银杏叶提取物对白介素-1β损伤关节软骨细胞一氧化氮体系的影响

目的:观察银杏叶提取物对白介素-1β损伤的关节软骨细胞的作用及对细胞内一氧化氮体系的影响。方法:在无菌环境下消化得到3月龄雌性新西兰白兔膝关节软骨细胞,实验用细胞为第2代软骨细胞。软骨细胞与IL-1β(5μg/L)、IL-1β(5μg/L)+地塞米松(10-7、10-6、10-5mmol/L)、IL-1β(5μg/L)+银杏叶提取物(40mg、80mg、160mg/L)共同孵育,分别在72h后MTT法检测软骨细胞的增殖受到的影响;24h后测定受损伤软骨细胞培养液中的NOi、NOS,逆转录扩增(RT-PCR)检测iNOSmRNA。结果:MTT法显示IL-1β对软骨细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用;地塞米松同银杏叶提取物均有对抗IL-1β的效应;地塞米松和EGb均能显著减少iNOSmRNAi、NOS、NO的生成(P<0.01);EGb761的这种效应有剂量依赖性。结论:银杏叶提取物通过抑制软骨细胞内的NO生成以保护IL-1β损伤的膝关节软骨细胞。     

Factors associated with mortality and functional disability after hip fracture: an inception cohort study

Hip fracture results in excess mortality and functional disability. This study sought to identify predictors of mortality and limited functional ability 1 year after hip fracture. We conducted a 1-year follow-up of a prospective population-based inception cohort of 218 hip fracture patients who had been consecutively admitted and discharged from hospital during the previous year. Mortality was observed to be independently associated with poor mental status (relative risk [RR]=6.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.73–28.00), prefracture limited functional ability (RR=4.35; 95% CI, 1.32–14.36), institutionalized disposition at discharge (RR=2.92; 95% CI, 1.02–8.38), and male gender (RR=2.44; 95% CI, 1.01–5.93). Independent predictors of limited functional ability were prefracture functional disability (RR=34.14; 95% CI, 3.13–372.33), poor mental status (RR=9.71; 95% CI, 1.57–59.82), age >80 years (RR=4.03; 95% CI, 1.48–11.00), and female gender (RR=3.57; 95% CI, 0.08–0.98). On discharge, special attention and care should thus be given to all patients displaying any of the above predictive factors.     

左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼或芬太尼在分娩硬膜外自控镇痛的应用

目的探讨左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼硬膜外自控镇痛（PCEA）用于分娩镇痛的临床效果及安全性。方法随机选择120例美国标准协会（ASA）I-Ⅱ级初产妇，随机分为舒芬太尼组（A组）、芬太尼组（B组）、无镇痛组（C组），每组40例。A组和B组采用PCEA，C组不给予镇痛药物。观察各组不同时段视觉模拟评分（VAS）和不良反应的发生，同时记录3组产程时间、分娩方式、缩宫使用情况、产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分。结果A、B2组和C组在PCEA20、60min及宫口开全时VAS差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；PCEA5min，A、B2组VAS差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05），2组Bromage评分、不良反应差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。3组产程时间、分娩方式、产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼或芬太尼用于分娩镇痛安全有效，对母婴无明显不良影响。     

HPLC法测定藏药猪毛蒿中绿原酸的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定猪毛蒿药材中绿原酸的含量。方法：采用Waters Symmetry—C18柱（4．6mm0133250mm，5μm），甲醇-水-磷酸（26：74：0．1）为流动相，流速为1mL·min^-1，检测波长为327nm，柱温为25℃。结果：绿原酸浓度在2．53～25．3μg·mL^-1之间与峰面积线性关系良好．r=0．9999；平均回收率为100．30％，RSD为1．6％。结论：本法操作简便，重复性好，可用于猪毛蒿药材的质量控制。     

HPLC测定口腔溃疡散中色胺酮、靛蓝、靛玉红的含量

目的:建立口腔溃疡散(青黛、白矾、冰片)中色胺酮、靛蓝、靛玉红含量测定方法.方法:色谱柱为Shim-Pack型C18柱,流动相:甲醇-水(65:35),柱温:30℃,流速:0.8 mL/min,检测波长:289 nm.结果:色胺酮在0.125～7.5 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 7),平均回收率为99.55%,RSD=1.05%(n=6),靛蓝在0.375～22.5 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 6),平均回收率为98.93%,RSD=1.15%(n=6),靛玉红在0.5～30 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 2),平均回收率为98.90%,RSD=1.21%(n=6).结论:本法简便、快速、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制.     

TSS and traditional surgery in hip and knee replacement

Surgery passes through a continuous evolution, thanks to the introduction of new technologies and techniques. Tissue-sparing surgery is a concept introduced in the last years to address prosthetic surgery to a more conservative fashion. We discuss the TSS decalogue with a critical eye, pointing out how traditional surgery is evolving in accordance with TSS statements. Proceedings of the Consensus Conference “TSS in hip and knee replacement”, Rapallo, Italy, 22–24 June 2006     

Iron deficiency down-regulates the Akt/TSC1-TSC2/mammalian Target of Rapamycin signaling pathway in rats and in COS-1 cells

Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most commonly known forms of nutritional deficiencies. Low body iron is thought to induce neurologic defects but may also play a protective role against cancer development by cell growth arrest. Thus, ID may affect cellular pathways controlling cell growth and proliferation, the mechanism of which is still not fully understood. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt and its downstream target, the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), is known to play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and survival. Therefore, we hypothesized that Akt/mTOR pathway could be influenced by ID. Three-week-old male Wistar-strain rats were divided into 3 groups and the 2 groups had free access to a control diet (C group) or an iron-deficient diet (D group). The third group (PF group) were pair-fed the control diet to the mean intake of the D group. After 4 weeks, rats were killed and their brains were sampled. In separate experiments, COS-1 cells were cultured with or without the iron chelator deferoxamine. Western blots of brain samples and COS-1 lysates were used to analyze the expression and phosphorylation state of Akt, TSC2, mTOR, and S6 kinase proteins implicated in the Akt/mTOR pathway. Using 2 different ID models, we show for the first time that iron deficiency depresses Akt activity in rats and in COS-1 cells, leading to a decrease in mTOR activity.     

复方蜥蜴散对慢性萎缩性胃炎模型大鼠血清NO及iNOS水平影响的实验研究

目的:观察复方蜥蜴散对慢性萎缩性胃炎(Chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)模型大鼠血清NO及iNOS水平的影响,探讨其治疗CAG的作用机制。方法:采取55℃热盐水、2%水杨酸、20mmol/L脱氧胆酸钠三个致萎缩因素配合饥饱失常造成CAG模型。将实验动物分为正常对照组,模型对照组,维酶素组,复方蜥蜴散高、中、低剂量组。检测大鼠血液中NO和iNOS水平及观察胃黏膜组织学方面的改变。结果:模型组大鼠NO和iNOS水平明显高于正常组(P<0.01),病理组织学上也有较大改变,而经复方蜥蜴散治疗1个月后,NO和iNOS水平恢复正常,胃黏膜病理组织学改善明显。结论:复方蜥蜴散可以逆转萎缩胃黏膜的病理改变,发挥保护胃黏膜的作用。     

痔消栓的HPLC含量测定

目的:建立痔消栓的HPLC含量测定方法。方法:采用HPLC法,以KromasilC₁₈(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱为固定相,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL·min^-1,柱温23℃,检测波长为203nm。结果:三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁、人参皂苷Rb₁分别在0.368～2.76μg,0.676～5.07μg,0.812～6.09μg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.9999,0.9999,0.9998,平均加样回收率分别为98.53%,99.20%,99.35%,RSD分别为2.11%,1.88%,2.38%。结论:样品分离效果好,测定结果准确、可靠,重复性好,可用于痔消栓的质量控制。     

健脾愈肝丸质量标准研究

目的:制订健脾愈肝丸质量标准.方法:采用薄层色谱法(TLC)鉴别赤芍、木香,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定芍药苷的含量.结果:TLC色谱能明显检出赤芍、木香;HPLC法测定芍药苷含量线性关系良好,回归方程Y=1285639.523X+5098.11,r=1.0000,芍药苷的平均回收率为99.12%,RSD=0.52%.结论:本方法简便,准确,重现性好,可供本品质量控制.