公立医院医疗技术人员兼职意愿的影响因素分析及对策

随着我国的改革开放和经济的快速发展,居民对医疗保健服务水平和质量提出了越来越高的要求,技术力量较薄弱的基层医疗机构、民营医院和诊所纷纷聘请公立医院的技术人员有偿兼职,愿意从事业余院外兼职的医疗技术人员除以增加收入为目的外,也较注重实现个人的价值.医疗技术人员从事业余兼职服务有利于医疗人力资源的充分利用,但也会带来许多问题,故应对这一行为进行规范化管理,兴利除弊.     

New‐Concept Part‐Time Employment as a Work‐Family Adaptive Strategy for Women Professionals with Small Children*

This study investigates how the option for new‐concept part‐time (NPT) employment influences the ability of mothers of preschool children working in professional occupations to successfully integrate work and family responsibilities. Female NPT professionals (n = 279) and female full‐time (FT) professionals (n = 250) were compared. The NPT group reported 20 fewer weekly work hours and about $18,000 less estimated annual household income than the FT group. They allocated this additional time primarily to caring for and nurturing their dependent children. They also reported less job‐related travel, unnecessary work, and work‐to‐family conflict, as well as greater work‐family success, childcare satisfaction, and family success. However, NPT mothers reported a more traditional division of labor in household responsibilities and less career opportunity and work success. Implications are presented and discussed.     

Capacity and Competence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Capacity and competence in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry are complex issues, because of the many different influences that are involved in how children and adolescents make treatment decisions within the setting of mental health. This article will examine some of the influences which must be considered, namely: developmental aspects, the paradoxical relationship between the need for autonomy and participation and the capacity of children, family psychiatry, and the duty of care towards children and adolescents. The legal frameworks relevant to consideration of consent and competence will be briefly considered, as well as some studies of children's consent, participation and competence. A case vignette will be used as a focus to consider the complexity of the issue of competence in child and adolescent psychiatry, in the particular mental disorder of anorexia nervosa.     

''I found myself to be a down to earth Dutch girl'': a qualitative study into learning outcomes from international traineeships

OBJECTIVE: To explore learning outcomes from international traineeships for undergraduate medical students. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 undergraduate medical students at Maastricht University Medical School, The Netherlands. The 24 subjects were selected by purposeful sampling. RESULTS: Students reported meaningful learning outcomes in 6 domains: medical knowledge; skills; international health care organisation; international medical education; society and culture, and personal growth. DISCUSSION: International traineeships appear to provide good opportunities for students to meet the requirements of globalisation as well as some of the generic objectives of undergraduate medical education. The tentative findings of this study need to be confirmed by further studies.     

护理专科生实习前心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的探索实习前护理专科生的心理健康状况与应对方式、社会支持的相关性及其影响因素,为护生心理咨询和实习前的岗前培训提供参考。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和自行设计的调查问卷对200名实习前护生进行调查。结果护生主要心理问题为强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁和焦虑等。护生心理健康状况与社会支持、应对方式呈显著相关;经单因素Logistic回归分析,对专业不满意等10个变量与心理问题有关,经多因素Logistic回归分析,有4个变量进入回归模型。结论应加强实习前心理健康教育,重点加强应对技能训练和岗前培训。     

婴幼儿社会性和情绪发展的影响因素研究

[目的]了解武汉市1～3岁幼儿社会性和情绪发展的影响因素.[方法]采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取武汉市江汉、桥口、汉阳、武昌、江岸5城区1～3岁幼儿520名作为调查对象.应用自拟＂1～3岁幼儿社会人口学问卷＂及＂1～3岁幼儿社会性和情绪发展评价量表＂（美国）进行调查.原始调查表经核查整理后进行编码,用Foxpro6.0建立数据库,然后用SAS8.1进行逻辑检查及处理分析.[结果]各量表筛检出可疑阳性人数依次为外化量表112人,占总人数的21.5%;内化量表62人,占11.90%人;失调量表83人,占15.93%;反应能力量表111人,占21.31%,其中女童反应能力检出率（25.93%）高于男童（17.33%）;母亲孕期精神状况对儿童的外化行为、内化行为和失调行为的影响经x2检验,差异有显著性（P＜0.05）;父亲职业、父母文化程度和家庭结构不同的儿童外化量表评分的差异均有非常显著性（P均＜0.01）;不同家庭收入水平的儿童反应能力量表评分的差异有显著性（P＜0.05）.[结论]幼儿社会性和情绪发展受家庭环境和社会环境等众多因素的影响,应充分发挥父母在幼儿情绪发育上的积极作用,提高育儿者的自身素质;尽快制定一个适合我国幼儿社会性和情绪发展的评价量表,以促进幼儿身心的健康发展.     

2 771名不同职业女性妇女病普查结果分析

目的:了解不同职业女性妇女病患病情况。方法:对2 771名不同职业的女性进行常规妇科检查、宫颈刮片、子宫及附件B超、乳腺红外线扫描等检查。结果:不同职业女性妇女病总患病率是64.49%,生殖道感染、乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤及宫颈癌的患病率分别是59.94%、37.96%、11.76%、0.18%;不同年龄妇女的生殖道感染、子宫肌瘤、乳腺增生的患病率有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。30~岁年龄组生殖道感染患病率最高(62.30%),40~岁及50~岁年龄组子宫肌瘤患病率较高,分别为18.54%、19.79%。30~岁及40~岁年龄组乳腺增生的患病率较高,分别为44.05%、42.51%。宫颈癌患病率在各年龄组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。不同职业女性子宫肌瘤、乳腺增生的患病率有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),不同职业女性宫颈癌患病率有显著性差异(P<0.05)。不同职业女性生殖道感染患病率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。个体业户的子宫肌瘤和乳腺增生患病率最高,分别为12.80%、39.34%。干部和个体户宫颈癌患病率较高,分别为0.98%、0.95%。结论:开展不同职业女性妇女病普查普治,对于提高妇女生殖健康是十分重要的。     

临床医学专业学位培养中亟待解决的问题之探索

针对目前临床医学专业学位培养过程中面临的挑战，培养目标和模式上认识的不一、临床能力考核自成体系、职业医师制度与医学专业学位制度的矛盾冲突、临床能力培养与教学资源紧缺、职业背景与多种学位制度及学制并存等问题进行了现状分析，并对构建以综合性医院为主阵地的专业学位研究生质量监控与保证体系进行了剖析与探索。     

做好医疗设备装备工作 提升医院核心竞争力

列举了医院核心竞争力的定义、要素,指出了医疗设备装备工作在提升医院核心竞争力方面的作用,讨论了医疗设备的装备原则、装备程序,最后提出只有充分发挥先进医疗设备的高级功能,才能起到提升医院核心竞争力的作用。     

通识教育是创造性人才培养的有效途径

知识经济的特点决定了创造性人才应具有新的时代内涵 ,现有的单一的专业教育已不利于创造性人才的培养。通过分析通识教育与创造性人才培养的关系 ,提出注重基础知识、个体的全面发展和人文素养提升的通识教育是创造性人才培养的有效途径 ,并对专业教育与通识教育结合问题提出了自己的看法