慢性中耳炎80例手术治疗分析

目的：探讨鼓室成形术治疗慢性中耳炎的临床疗效。方法对2011年1月～2013年10月在我院接受鼓室成形术治疗的80例慢性中耳炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并比较患者手术前后听力改善情况。结果80例患者术后气导听阈为（38.7±5.4）dB,气骨导差为（21.2±5.8）dB,与治疗前比较均明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;80例患者手术治疗后,治愈34例,有效38例,总有效率为90.0%。结论慢性中耳炎患者实施鼓室成形术治疗可以显著缓解患者的临床症状,改善患者的听力,提高患者的生活质量,临床疗效显著,是临床治疗慢性中耳炎的有效手术方法,值得在临床工作中推广。     

分层管理对提高内科护理质量的影响观察

目的：探讨分层管理对提高内科护理质量的影响。方法随机选取200例住院患者为调查对象,将实行分层管理前（2011年5月～2012年5月）设立为对照组,分层管理后（2012年6月～2013年6月）作为观察组进行比较分析。结果观察组在基础护理、专科护理质量、病房管理质量、护理文件书写、健康教育知晓率和各护理技术操作方面评分明显均高于对照组（t=4.532,4.556,4.234,4.778,4.921,4.761,P＜0.05）。观察组感到比较满意患者共186例（93.0%）明显高于对照组163例（81.5%）,差异有统计学意义（x2=11.888,P＜0.05）。结论采用分层管理,患者的护理由各级护理人员分工合作,协助完成,使护理工作更细致入微,患者满意度不断提高。     

超声对侧脑室宽度6～10mm胎儿的诊断价值研究

目的探讨B超诊断胎儿临界侧脑室增宽的临床意义。方法采用B超对妊娠20～24周的孕妇进行检查,回顾分析不同程度侧脑室增宽的的胎儿及其母亲的临床资料,比较妊娠相关的结局。结果本研究共发现112例胎儿侧脑室增宽11～15mm（2．97％）;73例胎儿侧脑室在6～10mm,为临界侧脑扩张（1．94％）;经过约10周的随访,轻度侧脑室增宽组改善优于临界侧脑室增宽组（P〈0．05）;轻度侧脑室增宽组、临界侧脑室增宽组的引产率及新生儿异常率均明显高于正常组（P〈0．05）,侧脑室宽度=10．03mm时,灵敏度为80．006％,特异度为86．976％。结论临界值侧脑室增宽胎儿相对于正常组胎儿仍然存在较大的异常风险,临床上及家属应予以高度重视。     

靶向Tim-3药物研发进展

肿瘤微环境可诱导一些免疫检查点分子的高表达,以利于肿瘤细胞逃避免疫系统的识别和攻击.目前基于程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4,CTLA-4)以及T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白3(T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3,Tim-3)等免疫检查点分子的靶向抗体药物研发已经取得了极大的进展,其中多种靶向PD-1和CTLA-4的抗体药物已被美国食品药品监督管理局(Food andDrug Administration,FDA)批准上市,虽然有部分患者经以上药物治疗后出现完全缓解或生存期延长,但尚存在较多患者出现耐药或没有缓解病情的状况.最新的研究发现,靶向PD-1治疗的耐药患者Tim-3表达上调,Tim-3也被认为是潜在的新一代肿瘤治疗靶点,Tim-3与PD-1的靶向联合治疗有可能成为研究的热点.现就国内外靶向Tim-3药物的研究现状做一综述.     

丙型肝炎病毒感染者胆囊疾病发生情况及临床分析

目的 研究丙型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis C virus, HCV）感染者胆囊疾病的发生情况及相关危险因素。方法 依据彩色超声报告结果将290例HCV感染者分为有胆囊疾病组169例,无胆囊疾病组121例,分析病程、体重指数（BMI）、负性情绪、酗酒史、血清总胆红素(TBIL) 、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT) 、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ 谷氨酞转肽酶(GGT)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、HCV病毒载量（HCV RNA）、门静脉内径宽度(PVW)、脾脏厚度、腹水等临床资料,探讨HCV感染者发生胆囊疾病的危险因素。结果 290例HCV感染者胆囊疾病的总发生率为58.28%（169/290）,有胆囊疾病组病程、酗酒史、TG、GGT、PVW、脾脏厚度均高于无胆囊疾病组（P＜0.05）,酗酒,GGT,脾脏厚度是HCV感染者发生胆囊疾病的独立危险因素。结论 HCV感染者胆囊疾病的发生率为58.28%,酗酒、脾脏厚度,GGT是HCV感染者发生胆囊疾病的独立危险因素。     

异种脱细胞真皮移植联合自体刃厚皮片移植修复手部深度烧伤创面

目的探讨异种脱细胞真皮(s-ADM)移植联合自体刃厚皮片(auto-OTS)移植修复手部深度烧伤创面的效果。方法选取2017年2月~2019年8月我院手部深度烧伤患者72例,依据随机数字表法分组,各36例。常规治疗基础上,对照组采用auto-OTS移植治疗,研究组在对照组基础上采用s-ADM移植治疗。比较两组创面细菌量、皮片存活率、创面愈合时间、手部功能优良率、温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)评分、术后并发症发生率。结果研究组皮片存活率94.44%高于对照组77.78%,创面细菌量少于对照组,创面愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组手部功能优良率91.67%高于对照组72.22%,VSS评分低于对照组,术后并发症发生率5.56%低于对照组25.00%(P<0.05)。结论 s-ADM移植联合auto-OTS移植修复手部深度烧伤创面,可减少创面细菌量,提高皮片存活率,促进创面愈合,提高手部功能优良率,减轻瘢痕增生,且安全性高。     

提上睑肌缩短术+睑板部分切除术治疗中重度上睑下垂患者的疗效及安全性分析

目的分析提上睑肌缩短术+睑板部分切除术治疗中重度上睑下垂患者的疗效及安全性.方法选取我院2017年6月~2019年5月收治的中重度上睑下垂患者86例,依据随机数字表法分为2组,即对照组(43例)、研究组(43例),其中对照组行提上睑肌缩短术治疗,研究组行提上睑肌缩短术、睑板部分切除术联合治疗,对比两组疗效、并发症发生状况、上睑缘高度对称情况以及术前、术后1个月、6个月眼睑状况[上睑缘到瞳孔中点距离(MRD)、睑裂高度、上睑回退量].结果研究组总有效率为83.72%(36/43),高于对照组62.79%(27/43,P<0.05);研究组上睑缘高度对称优良率为97.67%(42/43),高于对照组72.09%(31/43,P<0.05);两组术后1个月、6个月MRD大于术前,睑裂高度小于术前(P<0.05);术后1个月、6个月,研究组上睑回退量小于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率对比,研究组11.63%(5/43)小于对照组30.23%(13/43,P<0.05).结论中重度上睑下垂患者采用提上睑肌缩短术联合睑板部分切除术治疗效果显著,可明显改善上睑缘高度对称度以及眼睑状况,减少并发症发生,安全性高.     

Risk factors for postoperative sepsis in patients with gastrointestinal perforation

BACKGROUND Sepsis is fatal in patients with gastrointestinal perforation(GIP).However,few studies have focused on this issue.AIM To investigate the risk factors for postoperative sepsis in patients with GIP.METHODS This was a retrospective study performed at the Department of General Surgery in our treatment center.From January 2016 to December 2018,the medical records of patients with GIP who underwent emergency surgery were reviewed.Patients younger than 17 years or who did not undergo surgical treatment were excluded.The patients were divided into the postoperative sepsis group and the non-postoperative sepsis group.Clinical data for both groups were collected and compared,and the risk factors for postoperative sepsis were investigated.The institutional ethical committee of our hospital approved the study.RESULTS Two hundred twenty-six patients were admitted to our department with GIP.Fourteen patients were excluded:Four were under 17 years old,and 10 did not undergo emergency surgery due to high surgical risk and/or disagreement with the patients and their family members.Two hundred twelve patients were finally enrolled in the study;161 were men,and 51 were women.The average age was 62.98±15.65 years.Postoperative sepsis occurred in 48 cases.The prevalence of postoperative sepsis was 22.6%[95%confidence interval(CI):17.0%-28.3%].Twenty-eight patients(13.21%)died after emergency surgery.Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed that the time interval from abdominal pain to emergency surgery[odds ratio(OR)=1.021,95%CI:1.005-1.038,P=0.006],colonic perforation(OR=2.761,CI:1.821–14.776,P=0.007),perforation diameter(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.007-1.121,P=0.027),and incidence of malignant tumorrelated perforation(OR=5.384,95%CI:1.762-32.844,P=0.021)were associated with postoperative sepsis.CONCLUSION The time interval from abdominal pain to surgery,colonic perforation,diameter of perforation,and the incidence of malignant tumor-related perforation were risk factors for postoperative sepsis in patients with GIP.     

液基细胞学检查联合LEEP刀术治疗宫颈病变的临床应用分析

目的：观察液基细胞学检查联合LEEP刀术治疗宫颈病变的临床应用效果。方法：术前行宫颈液基细胞学检查,分别筛查出慢性宫颈炎（均为重度或顽固性炎症病变）28例,CINⅠ级24例,CINⅡ～Ⅲ级8例,宫颈原位癌1例。其中1例原位癌患者住院手术治疗,其余60例均经LEEP刀手术治疗,并术后病理证实。对60例患者进行随访。结果：慢性宫颈炎半年及一年复发例数分别为2例及3例,治愈率分别为92.9%、89.3%,半年及1年治愈率的95%的可信区间为76%～99%、72%～98%;CINⅠ级半年及1年复发例数均为1例,治愈率分别为95.8%、95.8%,半年及1年治愈率的95%的可信区间为79%～100%、79%～100%;CINⅡ～Ⅲ级半年及1年复查阳性数均为1例,治愈率分别为87.5%、87.5%,半年及1年治愈率的95%的可信区间为47%～100%、47%～100%。结论：液基细胞学＋LEEP刀术治疗宫颈病变的临床效果显著,值得信赖。     

Relevance of serum estradiol and estrogen receptor beta expression from a high-incidence area for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China

The striking 3-4:1 male predominance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not yet been well explained. Our hypothesis is that the changes in level of estrogen and/or subtype of estrogen receptor (ER) may exert a protective factor in esophageal carcinogenesis and prognosis of ESCC. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to determine the serum level of estradiol in healthy cohort from high-incidence area (HIA) and low-incidence area (LIA) for esophageal cancer as well as patients with ESCC from HIA in Henan, northern China. The ERβ expression profiling during the multi-stage progression of ESCC pathogenesis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Both males and females from HIA had significant decreases of serum estradiol in high-risk subjects predisposing for ESCC compared to healthy counterparts from LIA (P < 0.01). Furthermore, patients with ESCC from HIA developed the lowest level of estradiol (P < 0.01). ERβ expressed in precursor lesions of ESCC and changed quantitatively and qualitatively with disease progression during the multi-stages process of esophageal carcinogenesis. High frequency of ERβ expression was correlated with less aggressive potential of clinical behavior (P = 0.012, 0.015 for lymph node metastasis and tumor stage, respectively). This study indicates that lower serum level of estradiol may represent higher predisposition for development of ESCC, and ERβ expression and/or nuclear location may predict better outcome for patients with ESCC. The present results provide clues to explain the striking gender difference for ESCC, which warrants further investigations on potential applications of estrogen or analogs in prevention of ESCC.