A more novel and robust gene signature predicts outcome in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a life-threatening thoracic tumor with a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) mainly comprises tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells mixed with stromal components. The latest research has displayed that tumor immune cell infiltration (ICI) is closely connected with the ESCC patients' clinical prognosis. This study was designed to construct a gene signature based on the ICI of ESCC to predict prognosis.MethodsBased on the selection criteria we set, the eligible ESCC cases from the GSE53625 and TCGA-ESCA datasets were chosen for the training cohort and the validation cohort, respectively. Unsupervised clustering detailed grouped ESCC cases of the training cohort based on the ICI profile. We determined the differential expression genes (DEGs) between the ICI clusters, and, subsequently, we adopted the univariate Cox analysis to recognize DEGs with prognostic potential. These screened DEGs underwent a Lasso regression, which then generated a gene signature. The harvested signature's predictive ability was further examined by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox analysis, ROC, IAUC, and IBS. More importantly, we listed similar studies in the most recent year and compared theirs with ours. We performed the functional annotation, immune relevant signature correlation analysis, and immune infiltrating analysis to thoroughly understand the functional mechanism of the signature and the immune cells’ roles in the gene signature's predicting capacity.ResultsA sixteen-gene signature (ARSD, BCAT1, BIK, CLDN11, DLEU7-AS1, GGH, IGFBP2, LINC01037, LINC01446, LINC01497, M1AP, PCSK2, PCSK5, PPP2R2A, TIGD7, and TMSB4X) was generated from the Lasso model. We then confirmed the signature as having solid and stable prognostic capacity by several statistical methods. We revealed the superiority of our signature after comparing it to our predecessors, and the GSEA uncovered the specifically mechanism of action related to the gene signature. Two immune relevant signatures, including GZMA and LAG3 were identified associating with our signature. The immune-infiltrating analysis identified crucial roles of resting mast cells, which potentially support the sixteen-gene signature's prognosis ability.ConclusionsWe discovered a robust sixteen-gene signature that can accurately predict ESCC prognosis. The immune relevant signatures, GZMA and LAG3, and resting mast cells infiltrating were closely linked to the sixteen-gene signature's ability.     

姜黄素对胰腺癌细胞株生长的抑制作用及可能机制

目的研究姜黄素对胰腺癌细胞增殖的体外抑制作用．探讨其抗癌作用的分子生物学机制。方法MTT法、Annexln V-FITC／PI双染法、细胞周期分析法、透射电镜等方法检测姜黄素对Pan02细胞生长和凋亡的影响．RT—PCR检测姜黄素对Pan02细胞Bax，Bcl-2，COX2，Bak．Survfvin mRNA的表达。结果(1)姜黄素抑制Pan02细胞生长呈量效关系；(2)姜黄素处理组细胞周期发生改变．G2／M期细胞比例增多、S期细胞比例减少；(3)姜黄素处理组细胞发生凋亡．表现为凋亡细胞比例增多，形态上出现明显细胞凋亡：(4)姜黄素处理组Pan02细胞Bcl-2和Bak mRNA表达水平显著下降．COX-2．Bax mRNA表达水平显著升高，Survivin mRNA的表达水平没有变化。结论姜黄素能够抑制Pan02细胞增殖，它可改变细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡．Bcl-2家族而不是IAP家族(至少不是Survivin)参与了Pan02细胞的凋亡过程。     

胃镜下无表现但伴肝脏炎性浸润的巨大胃间质瘤

病例报告患者，女，55岁，以“上腹部轻微不适8d”为主诉入院。8d前无原因出现上腹部轻微不适，偶有腹胀、恶心，无呕吐、发热，无周身乏力、体重减轻情况，于我院门诊行CT检查发现肝左叶外侧段外侧见团块样软组织密度影，内部密度不均，中心密度较低，CT值为30HU，病灶内可见半环形略高密度影，CT值为56HU。增强扫描病灶中心部位逐渐强化，病灶最大截面约4．6cm×5．8cm，     

Hyposmia: a possible biomarker of Parkinson’s disease

Hyposmia, identified as reduced sensitivity to odor, is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that antedates the typical motor symptoms by several years. It occurs in ～90% of early-stage cases of PD. In addition to the high prevalence, the occurrence of hyposmia may also predict a higher risk of PD. Investigations into hyposmia and its relationship with PD may help elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. This review provides an update of olfactory dysfunction in PD and its potential as a biomarker for this devastating disease.     

改良喉部分切除术治疗声门型喉癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨保留甲状软骨的喉部分切除术在治疗声门型喉癌中的可行性及其手术效果.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月至2009年1月收治的声门型喉癌患者128例,术中肉眼和病理证实甲状软骨内膜无癌细胞侵犯或甲状软骨局灶性破坏无需大范围切除的T2-3期病例,采用病例对照研究方法,按部位相同、TNM分期相同,年龄相差≤10岁,1∶1配对.研究组为保留甲状软骨的喉部分切除术患者,共64例,其中T2N038例,T2N16例,T2N21例,T3N0 17例,T3N12例;对照组为传统喉部分切除术患者,共64例,TNM分期同研究组.比较两组患者生存率、局部控制率和总拔管率.结果 研究组3年及5年累积生存率分别为89.8％,84.3％,对照组分别为91.5％,85.4％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（x2=1.687,P＞0.05）;研究组局部控制率为91.7％（55/60）,对照组为93.2％（55/59）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（x2=0.103,P＞ 0.05）;研究组总拔管率为98.3％（59/60）,对照组为89.8％（53/59）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=4.933,P＜ 0.05）.结论 对于T2期和部分T3期声门型喉癌患者的治疗,与传统喉部分切除术式相比,保留甲状软骨的喉部分切除术在保证彻底切除肿瘤、保留足够安全缘的同时,保留了喉功能,其术后拔管率高,并发症发生率低,有助于改善喉癌患者术后的生活质量.     

Andrographolide impairs alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in vivo

To investigate if andrographolide impairs cholestatic liver injury. All rats were randomly divided into six groups—(1) control (n?=?6), (2) control?+?200 mg/kg andrographolide (n?=?6), (3) alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-control (n?=?6), (4) ANIT?+?50 mg/kg andrographolide (n?=?6), (5) ANIT?+?100 mg/kg andrographolide (n?=?6), and (6) ANIT?+?200 mg/kg andrographolide (n?=?6). We gavaged 50 mg/kg ANIT to mimic cholestatic liver injury in rats. Seven days after treatment, all the rats were killed. Serum biochemistry and hepatic histopathological assays were performed to evaluate liver injury. We observed that 200 mg/kg andrographolide significantly decreased the level of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, total bilirubin, and total bile acid in the blood. It also markedly decreased hepatic interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α. Furthermore, 200 mg/kg andrographolide significantly decreased malondialdehyde but increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, 200 mg/kg andrographolide effectively increased the accumulation of sirtuin 1 and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor-2. It also attenuated the level of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B and cyclooxygenase-2. These data suggest that andrographolide may impair cholestatic liver injury via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress.

     

DCE-MRI及IVIM模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用及其灌注参数的相关性

目的探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数、体素内不相干运动(IVIM)不同模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用价值,比较两者灌注指标的相关性。资料与方法收集行动态增强及多b值扩散加权成像扫描,且经手术或肠镜病理证实为直肠癌的37例患者,其中高分化11例,中分化12例,低分化14例,测量DCE-MRI参数容积转移常数(K^trans)、速率常数(Kep)和血管外细胞外容积分数(Ve),IVIM模型中标准表观扩散系数(标准ADC)、双阶单指数纯扩散系数(D-mono)、灌注系数(D^*-mono)、灌注分数(f-mono)及双阶双指数模型纯扩散系数(D-Bi)、灌注系数(D^*-Bi)、灌注分数(f-Bi),检验数据一致性,比较不同病理分化程度直肠癌各参数值的差异及各组间参数值的差异,分析各灌注指标间的相关性。结果观察者间测量数据一致性良好(ICC>0.5)。DCE-MRI参数K^trans、Ve值及IVIM模型参数D-mono及D^*-mono值在不同病理分级的直肠癌中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),低分化组Ktrans及Ve值均高于高分化组;低分化组D-mono值低于高分化组,D*-mono值高于高分化组,且随着分化程度降低,D-mono值逐渐降低,D^*-mono值逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ve与f-Bi呈正相关(r=0.365,P=0.026)。结论DCE-MRI及IVIM模型可为直肠癌病理分级的术前评估提供较可靠的定量参数。IVIM模型的f-Bi值与DCE-MRI灌注参数Ve具有相关性。     

以突眼为表现的眼部血管病——颈动脉海绵窦瘘的介入治疗

目的探讨颈动脉海绵窦瘘眼部表现特点、影像学检查及介入治疗方法。 方法回顾分析5年中18例首诊于我院眼科的颈动脉海绵窦瘘者的眼部症状及体征、影像学检查、治疗方法等。18例患者均行介入手术治疗,其中应用可解脱球囊封堵瘘口12例,应用弹簧圈+Onyx胶封堵瘘口3例,覆膜支架隔绝瘘口3例。 结果所有病例中最常见的眼部表现为搏动性眼球突出、球结膜充血水肿、眼球运动障碍等。头颅或眼部CT平扫检查所有病例均显示患侧眼球突出,眼上静脉增粗;全部患者均行数字减影血管造影检查明确诊断。本组18例（20眼）均行介入手术治疗,其中应用可解脱球囊封堵瘘口12例（14眼）,结果10例（12眼）瘘口完全闭塞,发生并发症2例,无严重并发症或死亡病例。应用弹簧圈+Onyx胶封堵瘘口3例（3眼）、覆膜支架隔绝瘘口3例（3眼）,瘘口均完全闭塞,无并发症或死亡病例。全部手术患者眼部症状和体征均得到明显改善。随访时间（12±3.4）个月,无复发病例,颈动脉覆膜支架内未发生狭窄及闭塞。 结论对于以突眼及其他相关症状就诊于眼科的患者,应考虑颈动脉海绵窦瘘的可能,血管造影是该病诊断的金标准,介入手术治疗对颈动脉海绵窦瘘是安全有效的。