鼻后神经切断术治疗慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉合并哮喘的疗效及其对鼻黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞的影响

目的探讨鼻后神经切断术治疗慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)合并哮喘的疗效,以及手术对鼻黏膜内嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)的影响。方法选取该院确诊的CRSwNP合并哮喘患者15例,行鼻后神经切断术。术后随访1年,采用视觉模拟法(VAS)评估疗效。有7例患者术前和术后1年采集了中鼻甲黏膜,比较手术前后鼻腔黏膜EOS浸润度的变化。结果所有患者术后症状明显减轻,术后1年VAS平均(2.87±0.74)分,与术前的(8.33±0.90)分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=16.99,P 0.05)。无鼻出血、眼干和腭部麻木感等并发症出现。7例患者鼻黏膜EOS浸润度较术前明显下降(t=8.26,P 0.05)。结论鼻后神经切断术治疗CRSwNP合并哮喘患者安全有效,可明显减少鼻腔黏膜内EOS浸润。     

乡镇卫生院医务人员薪酬满意度影响因素的多层线性模型分析

目的:调查东、中、西部乡镇卫生院医务人员薪酬水平及满意度的差异,运用多层线性模型(Hierachical Linear Modeling,HLM)探讨影响薪酬满意度的因素,并提出改善建议。方法:采取整群抽样方法抽取东、中、西部9个县的104家乡镇卫生院和909名医务人员进行调查,采用描述、方差分析和多层线性模型等统计方法进行分析。结果:2011年调查地区乡镇卫生院医务人员平均年收入为28 324元,5点量尺上的薪酬满意度为2.77,处于不满意水平,三个地区薪酬水平(F=140.16,P0.001)和薪酬满意度(F=240.84,P0.001)的差异均具有统计学意义,其中东部最高,西部次之,中部最低。HLM分析表明,薪酬满意度个体层面的影响因素包括从业时间和日工作量,乡镇卫生院层面的影响因素包括是否实行收支两条线、月均出院人数和财政拨款收入等。结论:乡镇卫生院医务人员薪酬水平和薪酬满意度偏低,东、中、西部区域差异大,可以从完善收支管理制度、绩效工资制度等方面来提升乡镇卫生院医务人员薪酬满意度。     

精细被膜解剖法在甲状腺手术中预防喉返神经与甲状旁腺损伤的应用

目的：探讨甲状腺手术中应用精细被膜解剖法预防喉返神经与甲状旁腺损伤的方法和效果。方法回顾性分析2007年6月-2012年6月195例应用精细被膜解剖法行甲状腺手术的临床资料。均沿甲状腺真假被膜之间疏松间隙进行超微化解剖,贴近甲状腺真被膜进行血管离断的精细被膜解剖手术方法。结果195例手术均获成功,术中明确见到喉返神经9例。暂时性喉返神经麻痹4例（2．1％）,永久性麻痹1例（0．5％）,其余均无永久性喉返神经、喉上神经损伤及永久性甲状旁腺功能减退。结论运用精细被膜解剖法不仅可以有效避免喉上神经及喉返神经损伤,还可以原位保留甲状旁腺及其滋养血管。     

A multifunctional ratiometric electrochemical sensor for combined determination of indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA) are two important phytohormones. In this work, for the first time, a ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed for quantifying IAA and SA simultaneously. A composite of multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and carbon black (CB) was used to enhance the sensitivity of electrochemical detection. Ferrocene (Fc) was used as the reference molecule to offer a built-in correction to improve the accuracy. A good linearity was constructed between the I_IAA/I_Fc and the concentration of IAA from 25 μM to 1000 μM. The linear equation was y = 0.00159x + 0.124 (R² = 0.9887). The LOD for IAA was 1.99 μM. Meanwhile, the I_SA/I_Fc gradually increased with increasing concentration of SA. The linear regression equation for SA was y = 0.00107x + 0.34465 (R² = 0.9488) with the LOD of 3.30 μM. Thus, the as-prepared multifunctional ratiometric electrochemical sensor was successfully applied to detect IAA and SA at the same time. This sensor was also successfully used to detect IAA and SA in the homogenates of soybean seedlings under salt stress, confirming the practical applicability of the sensor. And the obtained results agreed well with those obtained by the ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method.

For the first time, a multifunctional ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed for quantifying IAA and SA simultaneously.     

基于力矩主轴和互信息的黄瓜茎切片图像配准

基于组织序列切片图像的三维可视化是综合利用连续二维切片图像信息,在三维空间中展示植物组织内部结构形态特征和概貌。受制片和图像采集等影响,相邻序列切片图像之间存在的位置畸变严重影响可视化的质量和效果。本文首先介绍序列黄瓜茎石蜡切片制作以及显微图像获取过程,然后针对相邻切片图像上黄瓜茎的轮廓和灰度特征,提出基于力矩主轴和互信息的连续切片图像配准方法。该方法有效纠正了切片图像间存在的位置畸变,使得序列切片图像中目标形状达到空间位置一致性。实验结果表明方法的有效性。     

Précocité de la période de pollinisation de l’ambroisie à feuilles d’armoises à Lyon-Bron depuis 20 ans

We used data obtained in the Lyon-Bron region from 1982 to 2001 with the Cour pollen trap, a particularly sensitive measuring device, to study the main parameters that are used to forecast the onset of pollination of common ragweed. This predictive model had been defined in 1989 and the results have been published in the media since 1994. Analysis of the data showed that the onset of pollination was advancing over the past 20 years. The advance of the date of pollination is significant, registering an average of 11 days (range 6 to 16 days), with an advance of as much as a month in some years, depending on the criteria used. The regression line provides a forecast for 2002. We discuss the possibility that pollen counts taken over a long period might be used to measure climatic warming? From the point of view of the allergist, the wide year-to-year variations observed should be taken into account in the treatment of patients with ragweed allergy, confirming the potentially useful aspect of the predictive model produced by the AFEDA. These results indicate that there is every interest in continuing to determine pollen counts annually and to make the results public in real time, which could lead to an improvement in the care of the allergic patient. The regression line of the annual pollen counts is an additional factor to be considered, and it should be updated each year.     

金刚藤胶囊联合阿奇霉素治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床研究

目的研究金刚藤胶囊联合阿奇霉素胶囊治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年5月—2017年5月安阳市第三人民医院收治的慢性盆腔炎患者120例为研究对象,随机将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组口服阿奇霉素胶囊,1粒/次,1次/d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服金刚藤胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组临床症状消失时间和血清细胞因子水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为83.33%、96.67%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组体温降至正常时间、下腹痛消失时间和阴道分泌物增多消失时间明显短于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和超敏反应C蛋白(hs-CRP)水平显著下降,白细胞介素-4(IL-4)水平显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论金刚藤胶囊联合阿奇霉素胶囊治疗慢性盆腔炎具有较好的临床疗效,能改善临床症状,调节炎症因子水平,安全性较好,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Detection of cadmium in soils using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with spatial confinement and resin enrichment

The determination of heavy metals in soils is of great significance for the monitoring and control of environmental pollution. However, it is hard to realize fast and in situ measurements. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an effective method for element detection in soils, but its detection limit cannot meet the requirements of the control of soil pollution. In addition, it usually suffers splash problems and needs complex pretreatment processes before measurement. In this study, we developed a new method for the determination of cadmium in soils using LIBS. We improved the sensitivity of common LIBS, while avoiding splash problems and without complex pretreatment processes. The LIBS signal is enhanced in two ways. Firstly, the heavy metals were enriched by the cation exchange resins. And then, the LIBS signal levels were further enhanced by a sample container with spatial confinement. During this process, the soil only needs to be treated with water to achieve slurry status, rather than any complex pretreatments. We demonstrated that the detection limit for cadmium in soils is 0.132 mg kg⁻¹ using this method.

The determination of heavy metals in soils is of great significance for the monitoring and control of environmental pollution.