Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulate osteogenic differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts by upregulating the expression of BMPRII localized at the base of primary cilium

Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been considered as a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, however, the mechanism of its action is still elusive. We have previously reported that 50 Hz 0.6 mT PEMFs stimulate osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization in a primary cilium- dependent manner, but did not know the reason. In the current study, we found that the PEMFs promoted osteogenic differentiation and maturation of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) by activating bone morphogenetic protein BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling on the condition that primary cilia were normal. Further studies revealed that BMPRII, the primary binding receptor of BMP ligand, was readily and strongly upregulated by PEMF treatment and localized at the bases of primary cilia. Abrogation of primary cilia with small interfering RNA sequence targeting IFT88 abolished the PEMF-induced upregulation of BMPRII and its ciliary localization. Knockdown of BMPRII expression level with RNA interference had no effects on primary cilia but significantly decreased the promoting effect of PEMFs on osteoblastic differentiation and maturation. These results indicated that PEMFs stimulate osteogenic differentiation and maturation of osteoblast by primary cilium-mediated upregulation of BMPRII expression and subsequently activation of BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling, and that BMPRII is the key component linking primary cilium and BMP-Smad1/5/8 pathway. This study has thus revealed the molecular mechanism for the osteogenic effect of PEMFs.     

Effects of herbal compound 861 on human hepatic stellate cell proliferation and activation

AIM: To investigate the effects of herbal compound 861 (Cpd 861) on cell proliferation in human hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) and human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells (HepG2), and expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in LX-2 cells.METHODS: LX-2 and HepG2 cells were incubated with various concentrations of Cpd 861 (0.1-0.003 mg/mL)for 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 d. Cell proliferation was analyzed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Effects of Cpd861on the expression of cc-SMA mRNA in LX-2 cells weremeasured by real-time quantitative PCR method using SYBRGreen I technology.RESULTS: Cpd 861, at 0.1 mg/mL, significantly inhibitedLX-2 cell proliferation (15% decrease relative to control,P<0.05) after 3 d of incubation. The inhibitory effects seemedto increase with the treatment time (25% decrease after5 d of incubation and 35% decrease after 7 d of incubation,P<0.01). However, Cpd 861 did not affect HepG2 cellproliferation at the same concentration used for I_X-2 cells.The expression levels of ~-SMA mRNA decreased significantlywhen LX-2 cells were exposed to Cpd 861 for 48 h (59%decrease relative to control, P<0.05) or 72 h (60% decreaserelative to control, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Cpd 861 can significantly inhibit LX-2 cellproliferation in a dose-dependant manner, and reduce theexpression levels of o~-SMA mRNA in LX-2 cells. Since hepaticcell proliferation and high level of ~-SMA are associatedwith liver fibrosis, the results suggest that Cpd 861 may beuseful in the treatment of this disease.     

Room-temperature synthesis of water-dispersible sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide without stabilizers

Sulfur-Doped graphene has attracted significant attention because of its potential uses in sensors, catalysts, and energy storage applications. In conventional approaches, the sulfur-doped graphene is fabricated with graphene oxide and sulfur-containing compounds through thermal annealing or hydrothermal process, which generally involves special equipment and heat treatment, and requires additional stabilizers to make it solution-processable. In this work, we report a facile one-step approach to synthesize water-dispersible sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO). Graphene oxide (GO) could be readily reduced and converted to S-rGO simultaneously by directly mixing GO dispersion with hydrosulfide hydrate (NaSH·xH₂O) at room temperature. The sulfur doping is confirmed by high resolution S 2p XPS spectrum and element mapping. The colloidal dispersion state of S-rGO is confirmed by the investigation of Tyndall effect, the zeta potential and particle size distribution measurement. Compared with previously reported strategies, NaSH can initiate the reduction and sulfur doping at room temperature, demand no heat treatment, require no equipment and form stable aqueous S-rGO dispersion without using any stabilizer. These advantages will facilitate large-scale production of water-dispersible (sulfur doped) graphene and further boost their applications in sensors, catalysts and energy storage devices.

Room-temperature synthesis of sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide, which can form stable aqueous dispersion without using any stabilizer.     

Kinematic Analysis of a Posterior-stabilized Knee Prosthesis

Background:The goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to restore knee kinematics.Knee prosthesis design plays a very important role in successful restoration.Here,kinematics models of normal and pros...     

丙戊酸镁缓释片单用与和喹硫平伍用治疗老年躁狂发作的对照研究

目的：探讨喹硫平合并丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗老年双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效和安全性。方法选择2013年5月至2014年5月在解放军第261医院,住院符合国际疾病分类-10（ICD-10）双相情感障碍躁狂发作诊断的46例患者,年龄60-78岁。46例符合ICD-10躁狂发作的老年患者随机分为喹硫平合并丙戊酸镁缓释片组（研究组）和单用丙戊酸镁缓释片组（对照组）。治疗6周,应用贝克？拉范森躁狂量表（BRMS）评定疗效,治疗意外症状量表（副反应量表,TESS）评定不良反应。结果治疗过程中每组BRMS总分都有显著下降（P＜0.05）,治疗2周后研究组总分及因子分言语/吵闹、睡眠与对照组比较,差异存在统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗6周后,研究组与对照组临床总有效率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组均无严重的药物不良反应,两组TESS评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论喹硫平和丙戊酸镁缓释片伍用治疗老年躁狂发作疗效较好,安全性较好,特别是在治疗初期（2周末）能更好的控制兴奋症状和改善睡眠。     

选择性激光熔化技术在口腔医学中的应用

选择性激光熔化（Selective laser melting,SLM）技术是一种快速成型技术,它以其制作方便、快捷、产品组织结构密度高、精度高、避免传统加工方式原材料浪费等优点,被逐渐运用于各个行业。然而,在口腔医学中的应用还报道较少,主要集中在冠桥修复、可摘局部义齿支架、骨替代物及生物植片等方面。本文介绍了SLM技术的原理,分类以及在口腔医学中的应用特点和前景。     

A study on the tribological property of MoS2/Ti–MoS2/Si multilayer nanocomposite coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

Pure MoS₂ coatings are easily affected by oxygen and water vapor to form MoO₃ and H₂SO₄ which cause a higher friction coefficient and shorter service life. In this work, five kinds of MoS₂/Ti–MoS₂/Si multilayer nanocomposite coatings have been deposited by using unbalanced magnetron sputtering with different modulation period ratios. The tribological tests and nano-indentation experiments have been carried out in order to study the tribological and mechanical properties of the multilayer nanocomposite coating. The results show that the hardness and internal stress of the multilayer nanocomposite coatings are superior to those of the pure MoS₂ coating. The polycrystalline columnar structures are effectively inhibited and the coating densification increases due to the multilayer nanostructure and the doped elements of Ti and Si. The nanocomposite coating with a modulation period ratio of 100 : 100 shows the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate. The multilayer nanocomposite coatings exhibit excellent tribological property under a heavy constant load. Interfaces in multilayer nanostructure coating is able to hinder the dislocations motion and the crack propagation. The doped elements of Ti and Si with nano-multilayer structure enhances the mechanical and tribological properties of MoS₂ coating. This study provides guidelines for optimizing the mechanical and tribological properties of MoS₂ coating.

Pure MoS₂ coatings are easily affected by oxygen and water vapor to form MoO₃ and H₂SO₄ which cause a higher friction coefficient and shorter service life.     

In situ formation of phosphorus-doped porous graphene via laser induction

Heteroatom-doped graphene exhibits high energy storage performance when used as an active electrode, and which can been applied to various advanced applications, but challenging in synthesis, e.g., hazardous chemical reagents usage, difficult processing steps, and energy consumption. We demonstrated a ready, rapid and normal method for generating phosphorus-doped graphene (LIPG) using a CO₂ laser on polyimide (PI) substrate mixed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in ambient air. LIPG was approved and successfully synthesized via TEM, SEM, XRD and Raman observations. Moreover, we discussed the flame-retardant performance of APP for synthesizing LIPG on PI substrates, increasing the degree of graphitization. Furthermore, LIPG prepared using supercapacitors as an electrode showed good electrochemical performance. Remarkably, the highest specific capacitance of porous LIPG is about 206 F g⁻¹ at the current density of 0.025 A g⁻¹, the value is about 2 times higher than those undoped laser induced graphene (LIG). Such great performance of the LIPG electrode material is attributed to the formation of a hierarchical porous structure, phosphorus atom doping, and manufacturing deficiency. Hence, LIPG showed considerable potential in the electrochemical application field. The proposed preparation of LIPG is best suited for synthesis and applicable to the doping of other heteroatoms doped into graphene.

Laser-induced phosphorus-doped porous graphene for supercapacitors on PI/APP.     

导萌后拔除上颌腭侧埋伏牙的临床观察

目的:探讨拔除腭侧埋伏牙的简单办法。方法:对10例腭侧埋伏牙进行正畸牵引导萌后拔除。结果:10例患牙均顺利拔除。正畸牵引导萌平均时间3.5个月,拔牙平均时间27.1mi n,术后均未发生不良反应。结论:经正畸导萌后再拔除腭侧埋伏牙是可取的治疗方法。     

5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂联合极化液治疗老年抑郁症患者的疗效及安全性

目的：评价5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）联合极化液对老年抑郁症的疗效及安全性。方法：69例符合国际疾病分类第10版抑郁发作诊断标准、年龄≥65岁的老年患者随机分为单用药组（单用SSRIs治疗）35例和合用药组（SSRIs＋极化液治疗）34例。疗程均为4周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-17）,汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和临床大体印象量表（CGI）评估疗效,治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评估不良事件。结果：治疗4周,以合用药组HAMA总分、HAMD总分显著下降低于单用药组（F=17．28,F=10．24;P均〈0．05）。合用药组CGI严重程度评分平均（1．5±O．4）分、TESS总分平均（9．4±1．2）分均显著低于单用药组（2．3±0．1）分和（10．5±3．5）分,差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。结论：SSRIs联合极化液治疗老年抑郁症较单用SSRIs的疗效好,安全性高。