慢性心力衰竭心气虚兼血瘀水肿证大鼠模型的建立与整合判定

目的构建与评价慢性心力衰竭心气虚兼血瘀水肿证大鼠模型。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照(Control)组、丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)组、阿霉素(ADR)组、阿霉素联合丙基硫氧嘧啶(ADR+PTU)组,以生理盐水为各组造模药物的等量溶媒,Control组以生理盐水灌胃及腹腔注射,PTU组以PTU混悬液灌胃及生理盐水腹腔注射,ADR组以ADR溶液腹腔注射及生理盐水灌胃,ADR+PTU组以PTU混悬液灌胃及ADR溶液腹腔注射。PTU剂量为每日饲料重量的0.2%,每日1次;ADR剂量为3.5 mg/kg,每周1次;造模时间共6周。对四组大鼠的左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(left ventricular fraction shortening,LVFS)、B型脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)、心率(heart rate,HR)、呼吸频率(respiratory rate,RR)、尿量、耳温、力竭性游泳试验(exhaustive swimming test,EST)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(tri-iodothyronine,T3)、四碘甲腺原氨酸(tetra-iodothyronine,T4)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)、心重指数、肺重指数、肝重指数及心脏、肝脏、肺脏病理切片进行整合、比较。结果与Control组比较,ADR组、PTU组、ADR+PTU组的LVEF、LVFS、BNP、HR、RR、尿量、耳温、EST、T3、T4、TSH、心重指数、肺重指数、肝重指数均有显著改变,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),心脏、肝脏、肺脏病理切片呈心力衰竭病理改变。与ADR组比较,ADR+PTU组的LVEF、LVFS、BNP、肺重指数、肝重指数、尿量、耳温以及T3、T4、TSH变化明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且心脏、肝脏、肺脏病理切片亦病变较重。与PTU组比较,ADR+PTU组LVEF、LVFS、BNP、HR、RR、尿量、EST、T4、心重指数、肺重指数亦有变化,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且心脏、肝脏、肺脏病理切片亦病变较重。结论阿霉素联合丙基硫氧嘧啶造模方法能够很好地建立模拟慢性心力衰竭心气虚兼血瘀水肿证的SD大鼠模型。     

Health benefits of high-density lipoproteins in preventing cardiovascular diseases

Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are strongly and inversely correlated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, it is becoming clear that a functional HDL is a more desirable target than simply increasing HDL-cholesterol levels. The best known antiatherogenic function of HDL particles relates to their ability to promote reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells. However, HDL also possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic effects. This review focuses on the state of knowledge regarding assays of HDL heterogeneity and function and their relationship to cardiovascular diseases.     

Celikalim (WAY-120491) Increases K+ Outward Flux in Dog and Human Airway Smooth Muscle

Summary: The ability of the potassium channel opener celikalim (WAY-120491) to increase potassium conductance in airway smooth muscle cells was investigated. The rate of ⁸⁶Rb⁺ efflux was measured from dog trachealis muscle strips and human trachealis smooth muscle cells in culture. Whole-cell currents were recorded from dog trachealis smooth muscle cells freshly dissociated using the nystatin-perforated patch technique. Celikalim (1-10 μM) enhanced the rate of ⁸⁶Rb⁺ efflux from dog airway smooth muscle in a concentration-dependent manner. At 1 μM, the rate of ⁸⁶Rb⁺ efflux was enhanced by 25% in human airway smooth muscle cells. In current recordings, celikalim (1 μM) elicited a glyburide-sensitive outward current, increasing the steady-state current from 367±20 pA to 688±172 pA at +20 mV (n=5). At -60 mV, a voltage closer to the resting potential, the holding current was increased by only +26±15 pA (n=5). This smaller increase was sufficient to hyperpolarize the membrane by 8 mV. These results indicate that celikalim is a potent potassium channel opener in dog and human airway smooth muscles. The present data support the hypothesis that an increase in resting K⁺ conductance by potassium channel openers may account for their relaxing effect in airway smooth muscles.     

Comparsion analysis of data mining models applied to clinical research in Traditional Chinese Medicine

ObjectiveTo help researchers selecting appropriate data mining models to provide better evidence for the clinical practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis and therapy.MethodsClinical issues based on data mining models were comprehensively summarized from four significant elements of the clinical studies: symptoms, symptom patterns, herbs, and efficacy. Existing problems were further generalized to determine the relevant factors of the performance of data mining models, e.g. data type, samples, parameters, variable labels. Combining these relevant factors, the TCM clinical data features were compared with regards to statistical characters and informatics properties. Data models were compared simultaneously from the view of applied conditions and suitable scopes.ResultsThe main application problems were the inconsistent data type and the small samples for the used data mining models, which caused the inappropriate results, even the mistake results. These features, i.e. advantages, disadvantages, satisfied data types, tasks of data mining, and the TCM issues, were summarized and compared.ConclusionBy aiming at the special features of different data mining models, the clinical doctors could select the suitable data mining models to resolve the TCM problem.