我国八个人群血压,血脂,血糖,纤维蛋白原的相互关系分析

对国内饮食习惯迥异、住四个地区、属四个民族的八个人群,共724名男性(年龄40～59岁),作血糖、血胆固醇(TC)、三酸甘油酯(TG)、血浆纤维蛋白原、血压(BP)间的相关分析。发现:1.血脂在摄入大量动物性食物(羊肉为主)的新疆三民族组最高;2.血脂在摄入羊肉最多、维生素 C 最少的哈萨克族反低于居同一地区的汉、维吾尔族;3.TC、TG、血糖相互间呈正相关.TC 与 BP 间不但在总合并组、且在正常血压组也正相关,提示在高血压的一级预防中也应包括高 TC 的预防;原发性高血压可能存在与醣、脂肪代谢障碍相关的“镶嵌”模式.     

苯丙氨酸缓解高血压大鼠血管重塑

目的：应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察高血压时血管重塑，以及苯丙氨酸治疗后对血管重塑的影响。方法： 以Wistar-Kyoto 大鼠 (WKY)和自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)为研究对象，采用固定压力灌注和荧光染色激光共聚焦显微镜观察分析肠系膜小动脉的管腔、厚度和血管平滑肌的排列方向。结果： SHR较WKY 管腔缩小，管壁增厚，同时血管平滑肌排列方向紊乱。应用苯丙氨酸治疗后，管腔扩大，管壁变薄，血管平滑肌排列方向改善。结论： 高血压大鼠肠系膜小动脉存在血管重塑现象，苯丙氨酸可以改善血管重塑。     

Renal function in relation to three candidate genes in a Chinese population

We recently found in a white population that the genes encoding angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, I/D polymorphism), -adducin (Gly460Trp), and aldosterone synthase (–344C/T) jointly influence renal function. We therefore investigated in a Chinese population the associations between the serum concentrations of creatinine and uric acid and these three genetic polymorphisms. We genotyped 471 ethnic Han Chinese subjects from 125 nuclear families recruited in northern China via random population sampling (75%) and at specialized hypertension clinics (25%). We performed population-based and family-based association analyses using generalized estimating equations (GEE) and quantitative transmission disequilibrium test (QTDT), respectively, while controlling for covariables. The participants were 39.7 years old and included 235 women (49.9%). The blood pressure measured at the subjects homes averaged 126/80 mmHg. Mean values were 71 µmol/l for serum creatinine, 111 ml min^–1 1.73 m^–2 for calculated creatinine clearance, and 236 µmol/l for serum uric acid. With adjustment for covariables, GEE analyses of single genes demonstrated that serum uric acid, but not serum creatinine, was positively associated with the ACE D allele. Serum uric acid concentrations were 15.8 µmol/l (95% confidence interval 3.3–28.2) and 25.7 µmol/l (11.1–40.2) higher in DD homozygotes than in ID and II subjects, respectively. Further GEE analyses of the three genes combined showed that the association between serum uric acid and the ACE polymorphism was confined to carriers of the -adducin Gly and/or aldosterone synthase C alleles. Sensitivity analyses in parents and offspring separately as well as QTDT analyses were confirmatory. Among 114 informative offspring carrying the -adducin Gly allele serum uric acid was significantly and positively associated with the transmission of the ACE D allele (=20.7 µmol/l). In conclusion, the present study extends our previous findings on the combined effects of the three candidate genes and supports the concept that these genetic polymorphisms jointly influence renal function.     

淋巴细胞内pHi、Na~＋－H~＋交换活性与SHRSP关系的研究

本文应用ｐＨ敏感的ＢＣＥＣＦ和Ｃａ敏感的Ｆｕｒａα萤光染料，分别测定雄性。１６周龄ＳＨＲＳＰ和ＷＫＹ循环淋巴细胞ｐＨｉ，Ｎａ￣＋－Ｈ￣＋交换活性和［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ，结果表明ＳＨＲＳＰ循环淋巴细胞ｐＨｉ、Ｎａ￣＋－Ｈ￣＋交换活性和［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ均显著高于ＷＫＲ，而细胞缓冲能力在两组大鼠之间没有显著差异。提示在ＳＨＲＳＰ细胞膜可能存在Ｎａ￣＋，Ｈ￣＋交换遗传性缺陷。将两组大鼠的资料合并，经直线回归相关分析发现ｐＨｉ与Ｎａ￣＋－Ｈ￣＋交换活性和ｐＨｉ与［Ｃａ（２＋）］ｉ均呈显著正相关。表明Ｎａ￣＋－Ｈ￣＋交换活性和［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ参与ｐＨｉ调节．它们之间既相互调节又相互制约。细胞内Ｎａ、Ｃａ和细胞膜Ｎａ￣＋－Ｈ￣＋离子转运系统异常可能是高血压病因中重要因素之一。     

血瘦素遗传度的双生子分析

目的　观察遗传因素对血瘦素的影响。方法　 5 7对双生子 ,用微卫星 DNA基因扫描和分型技术 ,根据基因型的一致性来鉴别卵性。双生子间异同比较估计遗传和环境的相对效应 ,用放免法测定血清瘦素。结果　异卵双生子 (dizygotic,DZ)瘦素的对内方差大于同卵双生子 (monozygotic,MZ)的对内方差 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,前者为后者的 2倍多。但当校正体重指数 (body mass index,BMI)、性别和血尿酸 (uricacid,UA)后 ,MZ的对内方差接近于 DZ的对内方差。血瘦素的遗传度 8% ,校正 BMI、性别等的影响后血瘦素的遗传度为 0 .18%。血压与瘦素在简单相关分析时相关 (收缩压 r=0 .35 5 ,P<0 .0 0 1;舒张压 r=0 .339,P<0 .0 0 1) ,多元逐步回归分析时仅 BMI、性别和 UA入选方程 (R2 =0 .788,P<0 .0 0 1)。结论　遗传因素对血瘦素影响不大 ,血瘦素主要受环境因素影响。     

依那普利逆转高血压病血流变学及微循环

目的观察马来酸依那普利逆转高血压病患者异常血流变学及微循环的作用。方法以锥板粘度计测血粘度、紫外分光光度法测血管紧张素转换酶。《多功能微循环显微图象处理测量系统》测微循环变化。结果发现干预后30例患者高、中、低切变率全血及血浆粘度明显降低;按公式计算得红细胞聚集指数及血球压积、沉降率均降低;依田牛教授计分法得流态积分值,总积分值明显改善;微循环流速加快明显。结论依那普利除能降压外,尚可阻断异常血流变学与微循环间的恶性循环,改善组织代谢与功能,有利于防治高血压病及其血栓性并发症。     

IL-6 receptor blockade ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting inflammasome in mice

Background and ObjectiveInterleukin 6 (IL-6) has been identified as a key mediator in inflammation, immune responses and glucose metabolism. In this study, we assessed the effects of an IL-6 receptor antibody on diabetic nephropathy in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsTwelve week old male db/db mice were treated with Tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor antibody), normal IgG1 control antibody, insulin or normal saline for 12 weeks. Renal injury, inflammation and insulin resistance were assessed.ResultsDb/db mice treated with Tocilizumab exhibited reduced proteinuria and glomerular mesangial matrix accumulation compared to db/db + IgG controls. Additionally, Tocilizumab suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the IL-6 signaling pathway in the diabetic kidneys. It is noteworthy that blockade of IL-6 receptor blunted the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome partly through inhibition of IL-17A. Furthermore, insulin resistance assessed by glucose tolerance test, was ameliorated by Tocilizumab treatment.ConclusionsThe protective effects of an IL-6 receptor blockade against diabetic renal injury may be due to decreased insulin resistance and inhibition of the inflammasome.