肿瘤坏死因子-α诱导人牙囊细胞的凋亡作用

目的：研究不同浓度肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）对体外培养人牙囊细胞凋亡的影响。方法：第五代HDFCs分别与浓度为0（对照组）、50、100、200 ng/mL的TNF-α共孵育24 h,流式细胞仪AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI双染技术检测牙囊细胞凋亡细胞比率。结果：HDFCs的凋亡率随TNF-α浓度升高而上升,由对照组的2.3%增加到7.1%。结论：TNF-可诱导HDFCs的凋亡,这种作用可能在牙齿发育、萌出过程中起重要作用。     

川芎嗪抗家兔动脉粥样硬化作用

目的:研究川芎嗪抗动脉粥样硬化(AS)的药效学及作用机制.方法:随机将24只新西兰家兔分为4组,即正常饮食组、模型对照组、川芎嗪(75 mg·kg-1)组及川芎嗪(150 mg·kg-1)组.采用高脂饲料建立AS模型,12周后评价川芎嗪对主动脉斑块面积、内膜/中膜厚度比值、内膜泡沫细胞数、HE染色后主动脉形态学及血脂水平的影响.结果:川芎嗪(75,150mg·kg-1)与模型对照组比较,其斑块面积分别为(420.4±46.2) mm2,(310.2±12.3 )mm2,(663.2±38.9)mm2,P ＜0.01;内膜/中膜厚度比值(0.32±0.06),(0.24±0.15),(1.21±0.10)(P＜0.01);降低内膜泡沫细胞数分别为(9.8±5.1)个/mm2,(5.3±1.2)个/mm2,(23.6±6.7)个/mm2 (P ＜0.01).HE染色后的光镜下,川芎嗪可减轻主动脉内膜增厚程度,降低泡沫细胞聚集,保持中膜和平滑肌结构基本完整,减少内皮细胞脱落,改善主动脉紊乱的形态结构;川芎嗪还可降低血脂水平而维持内皮细胞正常的生理功能.结论:川芎嗪靶向内皮细胞干预AS早期始动环节,抑制泡沫细胞形成产生抗AS作用.     

自然杀伤细胞与妊娠

自然杀伤细胞起源于多功能造血干细胞，是参与人体免疫监视作用的一种重要免疫细胞，同时也参与人体排斥移植物的反应。胚胎作为半同种异体移植物进入母体，使得自然杀伤细胞的增殖及杀伤活性发生了明显的变化，可见自然杀伤细胞在胚胎的植入、分化及正常生长过程中发挥了重要作用。该文主要介绍了外周血及子宫自然杀伤细胞的生物学特性、功能及妊娠期激素对二者的影响，并对自然杀伤细胞与病理性妊娠的关系作以综述。     

Comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting and drug-eluting stents in patients with chronic kidney disease and multivessel disease: A meta-analysis

BackgroundThe optimal revascularization strategy of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) versus percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent (PCI-DES) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and multivessel disease (MVD) remains unclear.MethodsPubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched from inception until June 2016. Studies that evaluate the comparative benefits of DES versus CABG in CKD patients with multi-vessel disease were considered for inclusion. We pooled the odds ratios from individual studies and conducted heterogeneity, quality assessment and publication bias analyses.ResultsA total of 11 studies with 29,246 patients were included (17,928 DES patients; 11,318 CABG). Compared with CABG, pooled analysis of studies showed DES had higher long-term all-cause mortality (OR, 1.22; p < 0.00001), cardiac mortality (OR, 1.29; p < 0.00001), myocardial infarction (OR, 1.89; p = 0.02), repeat revascularization (OR, 3.47; p < 0.00001) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (OR, 2.00; p = 0.002), but lower short-term all-cause mortality (OR, 0.33; p < 0.00001) and cerebrovascular accident (OR, 0.64; p = 0.0001). Subgroup analysis restricted to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) yielded similar results, but no significant differences were found regarding CVA and MACCE.ConclusionsCABG for patients with CKD and MVD had advantages over PCI-DES in long-term all-cause mortality, MI, repeat revascularization and MACCE, but the substantial disadvantage in short-term mortality and CVA. Future large randomized controlled trials are certainly needed to confirm these findings.     

TNF-α对体外培养的人牙囊细胞增殖特性及碱性磷酸酶的影响

目的:检测不同浓度TNF-对体外培养人牙囊细胞增殖活性和碱性磷酸酶活性的影响。方法:第5代人牙囊细胞接种于96孔培养板上,分别与不同浓度的TNF-共同孵育,检测TNF-对人牙囊细胞的增殖活性和碱性磷酸酶活性的影响。结果:TNF-在浓度为10～50ng/ml,时间为3天时促进人牙囊细胞的增殖,浓度为10～200ng/ml时抑制碱性磷酸酶活性。结论:TNF-在特定的浓度和时间促进人牙囊细胞的增殖,抑制牙囊细胞的成骨特性。     

高原适应性的基因学研究进展

高海拔世居民能够很好的在缺氧、寒冷的环境下生存。从生理角度分析,高海拔世居民具有较低血红蛋白浓度、更高的一氧化氮水平等特点。近年来的研究显示这些适应性的改变是具备遗传学基础的,这些研究给我们提供了多个基因在高原人群中的特征,例如EPAS1、EGLN1、CBARA1,VAV3、PPARA、eNOS等,涉及缺氧诱导途径,缺氧诱导因子及其配体,红细胞的生产以及血管舒张性物质的产生。这些研究结果从遗传学角度给我们提供了新的线索,为我们揭示高原性自然环境选择的独特性、加深对高原疾病发生机制的理解、治疗和避免高原性疾病的发生提供了新的研究思路和策略。     

一种低功耗无人值守输液监控系统的研制

目的：设计一种新型的低功耗、无人值守输液监控器。方法：以超低功耗单片机MSP430作为主监控器的控制核心,运用称重传感器完成对输液状态的监测。结果：主监控器可实时监测输液状态,并可在位于护士站的上位机上显示监测状态。结论：系统的功耗与成本低,性能稳定,易于携带,实用性强。     

Colchicine Use and Incident Coronary Artery Disease in Male Patients With Gout

BackgroundInflammation is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Patients with gout are at increased risk of MI, and colchicine is associated with a reduced risk of MI. The objective of this study was to determine whether colchicine prevents incident development of CAD in patients with gout.MethodsThis retrospective study followed a cohort of male patients with gout without known CAD at the time of diagnosis of gout in the VA New York Harbor Healthcare System. The association between colchicine use and development of incident CAD, defined as evidence of ischemia or obstructive CAD on stress test or angiography, was determined using an inverse probability weighted (IPW) Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsAmong 178,877 patients, 1638 met criteria of gout, of whom 722 without known CAD at baseline (446 colchicine users and 276 nonusers) were followed for a median of 96 months (57 to 117). A trend toward association between use of colchicine and reduced incident CAD was observed but not statistically significant (IPW hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 0.23-1.05). In patients without chronic kidney disease, use of colchicine was associated with a lower rate of incident CAD (interaction P = 0.005, IPW HR, 0.31; 0.14-0.70). Colchicine was also associated with a lower rate of the composite of incident CAD and MI (IPW HR, 0.37; 0.16-0.83).ConclusionsIn male patients with gout and no known CAD, a trend of reduced incident CAD was observed with use of colchicine that was not statistically significant. Larger, prospective studies will be required to assess the primary prevention benefit of colchicine definitively.     

TNF-α、HA和LN对股骨头缺血性坏死致病作用的研究

目的 搪塞细胞因子与细胞外间质成份在缺血性股骨头坏死（ＩＮＦＨ）疾病发病中的作用。方法 采用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）对４５例（ＩＮＦＨ患者进行血清肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦα）、透明质酸（ＨＡ）及层粘连蛋白（ＬＮ）的含量检测,并以３０例健康人作为对照。结果 ＩＮＦＨ患者血清ＴＮＦ－α、ＨＡ和ＬＮ含量均处于高民对照组比较均具有显著性差异,不同病因组其ＴＮＦα、ＨＡ和ＬＮ含量均有不同程度的改变。且ＴＮＦα含