滁菊鲜品与干品中化学成分的色谱分析

目的：研究滁菊鲜品与干品中化学成分的组成。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取滁菊鲜品与干品中的挥发油,利用气相色谱—质谱联用技术和高效液相色谱法分析其化学组成,并对鲜品与干品中的成分进行相似度评价。结果气质图谱显示滁菊鲜品中鉴定出43个成分,占总峰面积的77．08％;干品中鉴定出41个成分,占总峰面积的80．35％;鲜品中有8个成分在干品中未测到,干品中有6个成分在鲜品中未测到;高效液相指纹图谱显示滁菊鲜品与干品的相似度不高,说明滁菊在干燥前后化学成分发生了较大的变化。结论滁菊在干燥工艺上应选择低温干燥,以保持滁菊原有的成分及功效。     

2014-2018年南京市第二医院门诊药房水飞蓟类保肝药物的使用情况分析

目的了解南京市第二医院门诊药房2014—2018年水飞蓟类保肝药物的门诊使用情况,分析该类药物的使用特点和趋势,为临床合理用药和科学管理提供参考。方法收集南京市第二医院2014—2018年水飞蓟类药物的门诊使用资料,对消耗量、销售金额、用药频度(DDDs)、日均费用(DDC)等进行整理分析。结果 2014—2018年,水飞蓟类保肝药物中年消耗量最高的是水飞蓟宾葡甲胺,但从2016年开始逐年降低,至2018年仍占48.75%;销售金额和DDDs值排名最高的是水飞蓟素,其从2015年开始逐年上升,至2018年销售金额占37.88%;5年内益肝灵液体胶囊的DDC值一直最高,其日治疗费用达到8.12;复方益肝灵的消耗量、销售金额、DDDs和DDC均处于最低值,其2018年的消耗量占比仅为0.21%。结论南京市第二医院门诊治疗肝炎以纯度较高和价格适中的水飞蓟宾、水飞蓟素以及水飞蓟宾葡甲胺这3种药物为主,这与其适宜的价格和适宜的用药频度是一致的。     

Research progress on the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of ellagic acid

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer treatments by chemotherapeutic agents, surgery, and radiation have not been highly effective in reducing the incidence of cancers and increasing the survival rate of cancer patients. In recent years, plant-derived compounds have attracted considerable attention as alternative cancer remedies for enhancing cancer prevention and treatment because of their low toxicities, low costs, and low side effects. Ellagic acid（EA） is a natural phenolic constituent. Recent in vitro and in vivo experiments have revealed that EA elicits anticarcinogenic effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, breaking DNA binding to carcinogens, blocking virus infection, and disturbing inflammation, angiogenesis, and drug-resistance processes required for tumor growth and metastasis. This review enumerates the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of EA. It also discusses future directions on the applications of EA.     

MDR1 C3435 Gene Polymorphism in Adult and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of an Ethnic Iranian Population

Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, Pgp, ABCB1) is a membrane efflux transporter protein encoded by the MDR1 gene. The overexpression of this gene has been linked with the resistance to a variety of cancer chemotherapeutic agents in cancer patients. It also has an important role in tissue and cell defense against xenobiotics and toxic-compounds insult. A gene polymorphism in exon 26 of MDR1 (C3435T) has been reported to be associated with a decreased expression of MDR1 in TT genotype carriers compared with those of the CC genotype. In the present study, the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism of an ethnic Iranian population with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was studied, and the incidence of the genotypes was compared among patients in different age groups: ≥ 20 years of age (A) and 1-19 years of age (B). The percent distribution of genotypes were found to be TT (A: 21.4; B: 26.0), TC (A: 57.1; B: 60.0), and CC (A: 21.4; B: 14.0). The B group ALL patients (1-19 years) were further divided into 2 groups of 1-9 (Y) and 9-19 (Z) years of age, and their MDR1 C3435T genotypes were analyzed. The distribution of the genotypes were found to be as follows: TT (Y: 27.9; Z: 23.1), TC (Y: 60.7.1; Z: 59.0), and CC (Y: 11.5; Z: 17.9). No significant differences were found among different genotypes in the studied age groups. It was concluded that in the studied population no specific genotype (either TT, TC, or CC) in MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism was associated with the incidence of ALL. Further studies will shed light on the possible importance of these findings.     

“4＋7”带量采购对南京中医药大学附属南京医院核苷类抗病毒性肝炎药物使用影响分析

目的 分析南京中医药大学附属南京医院自2019年底开始执行"4+7"带量采购后对核苷类抗病毒性肝炎药物使用情况的影响,为临床药学服务和医院药事管理提供参考.方法 采用回顾性分析方法,汇总南京中医药大学附属南京医院自2018年7月—2021年6月6种核苷类抗肝炎药物的门诊使用数据,对用药种类、消耗量、用药频度(DDDs)和日治疗费用(DDC)等进行统计分析.结果 "4+7"集采前后,6种药物总的消耗量提高了27.91％,销售总金额降低了80.66％;进入集采的3种药物阿德福韦酯片(阿甘定)、恩替卡韦片(木泽)、富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯片(倍信)的DDDs排名进入了前3位,DDC值也排进了前3,降价明显;新上市的富马酸丙酚替诺福韦片消耗量和销售金额却稳步提高.结论 "4+7"集中采购可以有效降低医院药占比,切实减轻了部分患者的用药负担,促进医院合理用药,提升了医保基金的使用效率,创新药物也有长足发展空间.     

丹参-三七药对治疗冠心病的药效和机制研究进展

近些年来,丹参和三七在临床上常被用来治疗冠心病如心肌缺血、动脉粥样硬化,以及与冠心病等危的糖尿病和高血压等。因此,丹参-三七药对及其组分配伍治疗冠心病的潜在机制受到广泛关注。大量文献表明丹参-三七及其组分配伍在治疗冠心病中具有调节脂质代谢和能量代谢、抗炎、抗血小板聚集、改善内皮细胞功能作用。总结了丹参-三七药对及其组分配伍在治疗冠心病中的药效和机制,以期为其后续研究提供更全面的理论依据。