Effects of St-587 and prazosin on water maze and passive avoidance performance of scopolamine-treated rats

The present experiments were designed to investigate whether the alpha-1 adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic systems interact in the regulation of spatial navigation behavior in the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance performance. Pretraining administration of scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist, markedly impaired the acquisition of water maze task (a hidden platform version) as well as retention of this task. The drug also impaired slightly navigation to a visible platform. Pretraining subcutaneous administration of St-587 (alpha-1 agonist) at 2000 μg/kg slightly improved the water maze navigation to a hidden platform in control rats, but its effect was not augmented in scopolamine-treated rats. Pretraining administration of prazosin (alpha-1 antagonist) 1000 μg/kg or 2000 μg/kg did not significantly potentiate the scopolamine (muscarinic cholinergic antagonist)-induced (doses 200 μg/kg and 100 μg/kg, pretraining intraperitoneal injection) deficit in water maze navigation. Pretraining administration of prazosin at doses 1000 μg/kg and 2000 μg/kg or St-587 at doses 1000 μg/kg and 2000 μg/kg did not have any significant influence on scopolamine-induced (200 μg/kg or 400 μg/kg) disruption in passive avoidance performance. These findings suggest that alpha-1 adrenergic mechanisms do not participate or are not the most important component of the noradrenergic system in the interaction between noradrenaline and muscarinic receptors in the modulation of learning and memory. The analysis of results indicates that activation of alpha-1 adrenoceptors might facilitate the acquisition of water maze task in its initial phase, for instance, switching from wall hugging strategy to an active exploration strategy. Furthermore, the present data suggest that muscarinic cholinergic blockade may affect both mnemonic and nonmnemonic processes in rats.     

牛卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻对基因mRNA表达量的影响

目的 将处于生发泡期(GV期)和体外成熟期(IVM)的牛卵母细胞进行玻璃化冷冻.解冻,对其卵裂率和囊胚率以及一些与发育相关基因的mRNA表达量进行评价.方法 玻璃化冷冻GV期(n=224)和IVM期(n=235)牛卵母细胞,解冻后对其进行体外培养并采用quantitative real time-PCR技术对冷冻.解冻后的GV和IVM期卵母细胞中Bax、Dnmtl、Hdacl、Cyclinbl、Cdc2和cu Zn SOD等基因的mRNA表达量进行检测.结果 GV期和IVM期卵母细胞经过冷冻-解冻后,卵裂率(14.7%～89.4%,34.5%～89.4%,P<0.001)及囊胚率(3.0%～28.4%,12.3%～28.4%,P<0.001)均极显著低于对照组(n=238).且冷冻-解冻后的GV期卵母细胞卵裂率(14.7%～34.5%,P<0.001)和囊胚率(3.0%～12.3%,P<0.001)极显著低于冷冻-解冻后的IVM期卵母细胞;GV期卵母细胞经玻璃化冷冻后,Dnmtl和Cu Zn SOD基因的mRNA表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其余基因mRNA表达量变化不显著;对M期卵母细胞而言,Bax基因mRNA表达量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),Cyclinbl、Cdc2和Cu Zn SOD基因的mRNA表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其余基因表达量没有发生显著变化.结论 对牛GV期或IVM卵母细胞进行玻璃化冷冻可能会导致基因mRNA表达量降低,可能会对胚胎发育产生负面影响.     

维药芳香新塔花水提物的抗炎镇痛作用及其急性毒性

目的:研究维药芳香新塔花水提物的抗炎、镇痛作用及其急性毒性.方法:小鼠分别ig给予低、中、高剂量(0.5,1,2 g·kg-1)的芳香新塔花水提物,连续7d,1次/d.采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀及甲醛致小鼠足跖肿胀的方法,观察其抗炎作用;以冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应,观察其镇痛作用.3组小鼠分别ig给予7.5,15,30 g·kg-1的芳香新塔花水提物1次,进行急性毒性试验.结果:芳香新塔花水提物0.5,1,2 g·kg-1对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、甲醛致小鼠足肿胀及醋酸致小鼠扭体均有显著抑制作用(P＜0.05);30 g·kg-1及以下剂量单次ig给药后小鼠全部存活,观察期内未见明显毒性反应.结论:芳香新塔花具有明显的抗炎镇痛作用.     

基于指标成分及指纹图谱多模式识别的不同品种红花质量评价

目的 测定不同品种红花指标成分、建立指纹图谱,并结合化学识别模式法对其进行质量评价,建立不同品种红花质量比较方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定32批不同品种红花的羟基红花黄色素A（HSYA）和山柰酚含量;利用“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统”（2012版）对32批红花样品进行相似度评价,并采用Origin 2022软件对其进行聚类分析,采用SIMCA 14.1软件进行主成分分析。结果 32批红花样品除3批未检出外,其余29批的HSYA质量分数为0.4%~2.5%,32批红花样品中山柰酚的质量分数为0.004%~1.060%;其HPLC指纹图谱共确定16个共有峰,指认了色氨酸、HSYA和6-羟基山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷等5个成分,相似度为0.510~0.936,不同品种的红花质量差异显著。结论 通过HPLC含量测定、指纹图谱建立及多模式识别法,可实现不同品种红花的质量差异分析比较,研究结果提供了不同红花品种潜在的育种方向,对红花育种工作具有重要的参考价值。