家兔阴茎皮肤感觉脊神经来源的电生理研究

目的:探讨家兔阴茎感觉神经来源。方法:健康成年雄性新西兰白兔12只,随机均分为两组:每组6只,A组在左侧脊神经上记录,B组在右侧脊神经上记录。对家兔阴茎施加不同大小的机械刺激,用神经单纤维记录技术,在同侧S1~S4脊神经上记录单纤维放电。结果:通过对家兔阴茎施加各种不同机械刺激,在同侧S2~S3脊神经上能记录到放电,S1、S4脊神经上未能记录到放电。左侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:39.67±3.14,S3:21.00±2.19;右侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:40.00±3.16,S3:19.67±2.58,左右侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:家兔阴茎皮肤感觉来源于S2~S3脊神经。     

LigaSure在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用

目的探讨血管闭合器（LigaSure）在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2年间收治的58例良性甲状腺疾病（Ⅱ°）采用颈部小切口及LigaSure下施行甲状腺次全切除术者临床资料。结果手术平均时间45（35～70）min。术中平均出血量15（5～30）mL，术后24h甲均切口引流量20（10～30）mL，术后未出现声嘶及口角麻木等手术并发症。术后平均住院时间3（2～4）d。结论LigaSure在甲状腺手术中的应用较之传统手术能缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量和手术并发症，术后恢复快，手术切口小，不甚影响美观。     

联合手术治疗原发性肝癌伴严重门脉高压症的手术安全性

目的 探讨联合手术(肝癌切除术联合脾切除术、门奇静脉断流术)治疗原发性肝细胞癌伴门静脉高压症患者的安全性和有效性.方法 将1999年4月至2004年4月间我科收治的116例原发性肝细胞癌伴或不伴门静脉高压症患者分为3组,联合手术组为肝癌伴严重门脉高压症行联合手术的患者,对照Ⅰ组为肝癌伴轻度门脉高压症行肝癌切除术的患者,对照Ⅱ组为肝癌不伴门脉高压症行肝癌切除术的患者:对比各组临床资料及远期随访结果 .结果 116例患者仅对照Ⅰ组的1例术前肝功能评分为Child C级患者发生围手术期死亡;联合手术组术后腹水发生率高于对照Ⅱ组.3年随访中116例患者共死亡63例:联合手术组远期出血率明显低于对照Ⅰ组;Kaplan-Meier生存分析提示联合手术组与对照Ⅱ组的远期生存相仿.而无论是联合手术组还是对照Ⅱ组的远期生存率都优于对照Ⅰ组.结论 联合手术是治疗原发性肝癌伴严重门静脉高压症患者的安全有效手段;对伴轻度门脉高压的肝癌患者仅行肝切除术,其术后出血率较高,远期生存率较差,故时此类肝癌患者亦应重视门静脉高压症的治疗.     

中央型肺癌侵犯周围大血管CT评价

目的 评价螺旋CT增强扫描、后处理重建及CT血管成像判断中央型肺癌侵犯周围大血管的准确性.方法 对15例中央型肺癌患者行螺旋CT增强扫描,对比增强横断面CT图像、后处理重建及CT血管成像的图像,分析中央型肺癌侵犯邻近血管的影像学特征.结果 15例中央型肺癌患者增强CT检查图像及重建图像显示均有不同程度侵犯邻近肺动脉和肺静脉,图像上均可见脂肪间隙消失、血管明显狭窄闭塞的影像特征.结论 CT增强扫描可提高对肿瘤侵犯周围大血管判断的敏感度及准确率,同时对肺癌进行临床分期及术前评估有重要意义.     

Outcomes of single-level cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion

Several studies have established the short-term safety and efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) as compared to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). However, few single-center comparative trials have been performed, and current studies do not contain large numbers of patients. We retrospectively reviewed all patients from a single military tertiary medical center between August 2008 to August 2012 who underwent single-level CDA or single-level ACDF and compared their clinical outcomes and complications. A total of 259 consecutive patients were included in the study, 171 patients in the CDA group with an average follow-up of 9.8 (±9.9) months and 88 patients in the ACDF group with an average follow-up of 11.8 (±9.6) months. Relief of pre-operative symptoms was 90.1% in the CDA group and 86.4% in the ACDF group with rates of return to full pre-operative activity of 93.0% and 88.6%, respectively. Patients who underwent CDA had a higher rate of persistent posterior neck pain (15.8% versus 12.5%), and patients who underwent ACDF were at risk for symptomatic pseudarthrosis at a rate of 3.4%. Reoperation rates were higher in the ACDF group (5.7% versus 3.5%). To our knowledge, this review is the largest, non-funded, comparison study between single-level CDA and single-level ACDF. This study demonstrates that CDA is a safe and reliable alternative to ACDF in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy resulting from spondylosis and acute disc herniation.     

The human δ2 glutamate receptor gene is not mutated in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia

The human glutamate receptor delta 2 gene （GRID2） shares 90%homology with the orthologous mouse gene. The mouse Grid2 gene is involved with functions of the cerebellum and sponta-neous mutation of Grid2 leads to a spinocerebellar ataxia-like phenotype. To investigate whether such mutations occur in humans, we screened for mutations in the coding sequence of GRID2 in 24 patients with familial or sporadic spinocerebellar ataxia and in 52 normal controls. We de-tected no point mutations or insertion/deletion mutations in the 16 exons of GRID2. However, a polymorphic 4 nucleotide deletion （IVS5-121_-118 GAGT） and two single nucleotide polymor-phisms （c.1251G〉T and IVS14-63C〉G） were identiifed. The frequency of these polymorphisms was similar between spinocerebellar ataxia patients and normal controls. These data indicate that spontaneous mutations do not occur in GRID2 and that the incidence of spinocerebellar ataxia in humans is not associated with GRID2 mutation or polymorphisms.     

腹胰发育相关胰腺、十二指肠变异

目的从腹胰发育角度解释胰腺、十二指肠降段变异的影像特点。方法从过去5年间本院CT、MRI资料中遴选腹胰变异病例,从腹胰发育角度解释这些变异的形成机制。结果 (1)胰腺变异:①异位胰腺(n=1):罕见,其胰管通向十二指肠乳头;②环状胰腺(n=2)/半环状胰腺(n=2):少见,十二指肠前方软组织密度肿块,各扫描像上,其结构、密度与正常胰腺相仿;③胰腺异常突起(n=22):常见,可与胰腺相连或有脂肪间隙相隔;④胰腺分裂(n=23):常见,常有不均匀脂肪沉积或胰头内胰管局限性扩张;⑤腹胰发育不良(n=3)和腹胰缺如(n=2):罕见,胰头可增大,钩突不明显者呈球形胰头。(2)十二指肠相关变异:①十二指肠憩室(n=48):常见,胰管、胆总管常开口在憩室内;②十二指肠狭窄(n=4):见于环状胰腺。结论腹胰发育异常可导致胰腺、十二指肠多种形态异常,某些异常易发生炎症,某些异常误为肿瘤,应提高对这些变异的认识。     

颈前路椎间融合器植入治疗神经根型颈椎病：椎间孔变化与效果的关系

BACKGROUND: Cervical intervertebral foramen stenosis induced by cervical spondylosis of nerve root type usually requires surgical treatment. The ways mainly include anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and cervical posterior intervertebral foramen decompression. Which is the best way is still inconclusive. With innovation, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis of nerve root type has become the mainstream in the current treatment. OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between curative effects and intervertebral foramen-associated parameter changes in patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. METHODS: From March 2011 to April 2013, 132 patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type were treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in the Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University. Neck pain and arm pain visual analogue score, neck disability index score and imaging changes were evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 132 patients were followed up for 25(4-28) months. Significant differences in neck pain visual analogue scale, anterior intervertebral disc height, posterior intervertebral disc height, intervertebral foramen height, anterior and posterior diameters of the intervertebral foramen, the area of the intervertebral foramen, and the Cobb angle of the fused segment were detected in all patients before and after treatment (P < 0.05). Posterior intervertebral disc height was positively correlated with intervertebral foramen area (r=0.427, P=0.000). The increased Cobb angle of the fused segment was negatively associated with the size of intervertebral foramen (r=-0.273, P=0.003). Intervertebral foramen area was negatively associated with arm pain visual analogue score (r=-0.502, P=0.000). These results indicated that anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with an interbody fusion cage can obviously enlarge intervertebral foramen in patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type, and obtain good curative effect. The size of the intervertebral foramen is negatively related to the axial pain. The reconstruction of the intervertebral disc height is necessary to expand the intervertebral foramen. However, the increase of the curvature fusion segments is not helping to expand the intervertebral foramen.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程