老年食管贲门癌术后早期肠内营养对体液免疫功能的影响

目的 研究早期肠内营养(EEN)对老年食管贲门癌患者术后体液免疫功能恢复的影响.方法随机将64例老年食管贲门癌术后患者分为EEN组34例,施行EEN治疗；N-EEN组30例,按早期单纯肠外营养治疗；分别对2组术后血清IgA、IgG、IgM进行统计分析.结果术后第9天EEN组血清IgA、IgG、IgM均恢复并超过术前水平...     

Deficit of long-term memory traces for words in children with cochlear implants

ObjectiveLanguage experience can develop long-term memory traces for speech units in the brain, to ensure efficient processing of speech sounds. However, prelingually deafened children lack sufficient auditory input before cochlear implantation. Whether the experience-dependent long-term memory traces exist in prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants (CIs) remains unclear.MethodsWe presented CI and normal hearing (NH) children with Mandarin Chinese spoken disyllables in an oddball paradigm and recorded event-related potentials. Each disyllable was defined as a meaningful word or a meaningless pseudoword by the tonal information in the second syllable.ResultsThe amplitude of mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by words was larger than that elicited by pseudowords in NH children. However, this enhancement of the MMN amplitude was not found in CI children. Behavioral results showed later recognition points for words and lower accuracies for speech comprehension in CI children than in NH children. Furthermore, increased theta power for words compared with pseudowords was only found in NH children.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a deficit of long-term memory traces for words in prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants.SignificanceEarly speech input may be crucial to the formation of long-term memory traces for speech units.     

西门子Antares彩超故障维修3例

本文简要介绍了西门子Antares彩超的硬件结构和工作流程，并对3个维修案例进行分析，最终排除故障。     

高职高专中医学专业农村订单定向培养课程体系的构建

为培养"下得去、留得住、用得上"的基层中医药人才,紧紧围绕农村基层医疗岗位对中医药人才的岗位技能需求,构建中医学专业农村订单定向培养课程体系,初步形成了公共课程职业化、专业课程特色化、实践课程岗位化、选修课程拓展化特色化课程模块。     

西方学校心理健康教育的进展

西方学校心理健康教育呈现出目标清晰、领域广泛、依托载体多样、方法独特有效、人才培养科学、资格认证规范、组织机构发展迅速和监督管理严格等最新进展。在急剧变化和迅速发展的现代社会情境下,学生成长的环境日趋复杂,其心理素质状况越来越令人担忧,因此借鉴西方学校心理健康教育的最新发展,对于现阶段加强学校心理健康教育具有重要的现实意义。     

超声心动图评价新生儿持续性肺动脉高压的临床研究

目的 观察新生儿持续性肺动脉高压（PPHN）心脏构型及左心功能指标参数,探讨持续性肺动脉高压对新生儿心脏构型及左心功能的影响.方法 选择持续性肺动脉高压患儿 25例,其中轻度组（11例）、中度组（9例）、重度组（5例）,将新生儿黄疸患儿23例设为对照组,超声心动图测量左房内径（LAD）、左室舒张末内径（LVDd）、右室舒张末内径（RVDd）、右房内径（RAD）等指标,对其超声心动图结果进行对比分析.结果 与对照组相比,肺动脉高压组均有左室舒张功能减退（均P ＜0.05）,肺动脉高压组RVDd[轻度（8.45±1.21） mm、中度（9.56±0.88） mm、重度（11.40±1.94） mm]、RAD[轻度（11.27±1.34） mm、中度（13.00±1.87）mm、重度（15.80±1.78）mm]增大,并随肺动脉高压程度加重增大,差异均有统计学意义（t =2.53、7.09、2.14、4.77、2.88、2.04、4.59、7.12、2.34、5.12、3.07,均P＜0.05）,重度纽LVDd（14.80±2.16）mm,较对照组的（15.26±1.83）mm及轻度组（16.55±1.50）mm、中度组（15.67±1.87）mm减小,差异均有统计学意义（t=3.76、4.80、3.74,均P＜0.05）.结论 超声心动图是PPHN重要的无创诊断方法,它不仅可准确测量肺动脉压,还能提供心脏构型及功能指标,对临床判断病情轻重、指导治疗有重要价值.     

芜湖市居民吸烟状况及相关行为

目的了解芜湖市居民吸烟及相关行为状况,为制定行为干预措施,开展有效的控烟工作提供依据。方法 2008年9月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,以抽中住户中15~69岁、出生日期距离调查日期最近的常住人口为调查对象,由经过培训的调查员入户进行问卷调查并进行人体测量。结果该市共调查15～69岁常住居民2290人,居民吸烟率为28.2%,其中男性吸烟率为63.2%,女性吸烟率为2.6%,男性高于女性,男性吸烟率30岁以后增高(χ2=32.24,P0.01)。标化吸烟率分别为30.2%,56.3%,2.6%。不同文化程度、职业吸烟率差别有统计学意义(分别为χ2=42.08,P0.01;χ2=110.30,P0.01),吸烟行为与饮酒(χ2=695.35,P0.01)、饮茶(χ2=348.79,P0.01)、睡眠时间(χ2=13.97,P0.05)、职业性体力劳动强度(χ2=56.39,P0.01)、休闲活动强度(χ2=23.41,P0.01)有关,与吃菜口味及体质指数、血压、腰围未见关联。结论该市吸烟行为主要流行于30岁以上男性人群,吸烟与多种行为相关,在控烟工作中应采取综合性的干预措施。     

结合男护生的心理特点探讨其临床带教模式

目的:探讨男护生的心理特点以及基于此的临床带教模式。方法:使用自制量表,对我院2006～2009年89名男护生进行调查。结果:男护生在临床工作中心理存在一定的问题,期望新的适合男护生的临床带教模式。结论:男护生在临床工作中的心理问题原因较多,传统带教模式不利于男护生的带教,应结合男护生的心理特点改善目前的带教模式。     

5-Hydroxytryptamine and Dopamine Neurons in the Cerebellum of the New-Hatching Yangtze Alligator Alligator sinensis

Nissl and immunohistochemical staining methods were used to morphologically characterize the cerebellum of the new-hatching Yangtze alligator, and the cerebellar histological structure and the distribution profiles of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) neurons were investigated for the first time. The results of cerebellar histological structure showed that there was a ventriculus cerebelli in the cerebellum of the new-hatching Yangtze alligator, the surface of the cerebellar cortex was not very smooth, the cerebellar cortex could be divided into four layers, which include external granular layer, molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer, Purkinje cell layer could be characterized specially by multilayer, two cerebellar nuclei termed as the nucleus cerebelli lateralis and the nucleus cerebelli medialis were found in the cerebellar medulla. 5-hydroxytryptamine-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) and dopamine-immunoreactive (DA-IR) neurons and fibers distributed widely in the cerebellum. The structures and profiles of 5-HT-IR and DA-IR neurons and fibers in the cerebellum of the Yangtze alligator were similar to that reported in other reptiles, but also had some specific features. The abundance of 5-HT and DA in cerebellum suggested that these highly conserved neurotransmitters would play important roles in motor control. Anat Rec, 302:861–868, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.