2003～2005年永州市青少年学生乙肝感染动态分析

目的分析近3年来乙肝病毒在不同类群青少年学生中的感染状况及动态变化。方法以酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法，检测2003-2005年永州市参加中考、高考各类青少年学生共7605名的乙肝表面抗原（船sAg）及“乙肝两对半”指标，参考其他因素和其他城市情况，逐年分组进行分析。结果3年船sAg平均阳性率为11．65％，2003～2005年每年的船sAg阳性率分别为10．20％、11．75％、13．36％，男女生阳性率分别为12．10％、10．28％，城乡学生阳性率分别为10、92％、13．16％，住校生、走读生阳性率分别为12．83％、11．15％，初、高中毕业生阳性率分别为10．88％、12．01％。886例HgsAg阳性学生中乙肝e抗原阳性者占61．52％。结论我市中青少年学生的乙肝感染率不但偏高，而且有不断增高趋势，其中传染性强的人群较大。农村学生、男生、住校生为乙肝重点感染人群，需给予特别关注。     

简易标准运血箱的研制与应用

采用发泡聚苯乙烯（EPSⅡ级）及双瓦楞纸箱为材料制作标准运血箱，以湿冰为冷源，经试验测试表明该箱具有良好的隔热保温和抗压抗震功能，适用于平战时大批量的血液运输，是实现战时血液储运标准化、模块化的理想包装容器。     

STAT-1 在膀胱癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

 目的 检测信号转导和转录激活因子-1(STAT-1)在膀胱癌组织中的表达，并探讨其在膀胱癌发病机制中作用及其临床意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测STAT-1在88例膀胱癌和12例正常膀胱组织中的表达。结果 膀胱癌中STAT-1表达阳性率为78．4％，显著高于正常膀胱组织的41．7％。STAT-1表达水平与膀胱癌病理分级、分期及复发之间密切相关。结论 STAT-1异常表达与膀胱癌的发生、发展关系密切，而且是肿瘤生物学行为较有价值的标记物。     

Treatment of 32 cases of bile reflux gastritis by embedding catgut in acupoints

在穴位胆俞、胃俞、梁门、中脘、上脘、足三里、内关、太冲和阳陵泉埋入羊肠线,1 d后取下.15-20 d埋线1次,治疗32例胆汁返流性胃炎患者,治疗4次后治愈20例,好转12例.     

右腮腺嗜酸性腺瘤1例

<正>嗜酸性腺瘤也称嗜酸细胞腺瘤、嗜酸细胞瘤、大嗜酸颗粒细胞瘤,是涎腺肿瘤中极少见的一种良性肿瘤,约占全部腮腺肿瘤的0.1%~1%[l-2]。该肿瘤临床极少见,且无特殊症状及表现,易误诊。我科于2011-02收治该病患1例,现报道如下。     

Total thoracoscopic combined lingulectomy and pericardial cystectomy

Thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy is usually more complex than lobectomy. This video shows a 58-year-old female who suffered from limited bronchiectasis of the lingular segment of the left upper lung and a pericardial cyst on the same side. Both of these benign thoracic diseases can cause pleural adhesions. Repeated chronic inflammation contributes to hypervascularity and lymph node enlargement, making surgery more difficult. We used single-direction thoracoscopic segmentectomy via a three-port approach and successfully removed the lingula and pericardial cyst.     

Gut–liver axis: The impact of gut microbiota on non alcoholic fatty liver disease

AimTo examine the impact of gut microbiota on non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis.Data synthesisEmerging evidence suggests a strong interaction between gut microbiota and liver. Receiving approximately 70% of its blood supply from the intestine, the liver represents the first line of defence against gut-derived antigens. Intestinal bacteria play a key role in the maintenance of gut–liver axis health. Disturbances in the homeostasis between bacteria- and host-derived signals at the epithelial level lead to a break in intestinal barrier function and may foster “bacterial translocation”, defined as the migration of bacteria or bacterial products from the intestinal lumen to mesenteric lymph nodes or other extraintestinal organs and sites. While the full repertoire of gut-derived microbial products that reach the liver in health and disease has yet to be explored, the levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, are increased in the portal and/or systemic circulation in several types of chronic liver diseases. Derangement of the gut flora, particularly small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, occurs in a large percentage (20–75%) of patients with chronic liver disease. In addition, evidence implicating the gut–liver axis in the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disorders has accumulated over the past ten years.ConclusionsComplex metabolic diseases are the product of multiple perturbations under the influence of triggering factors such as gut microbiota and diet, thus, modulation of the gut microbiota may represent a new way to treat or prevent NAFLD.     

超声引导下经皮肝穿注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌的护理体会

目的总结超声引导下经皮肝穿注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌的护理体会。方法对67例肝癌患者行无水乙醇注射治疗,就术前、术中、术后护理进行回顾性分析,探讨积极有效的护理方法。结果 67例患者均一次穿刺成功,顺利完成介入治疗。术后均有不同程度疼痛(67/67)、77.6%发热(52/67)、31.3%出现呕吐(21/67)、37.3%丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(25/67)。结论积极有效的护理工作,是减轻患者痛苦、提高介入治疗成功和疗效的有力保证。     

临床护理路径在食管癌患者围术期中的应用

目的:探讨临床护理路径在食管癌患者围术期中的应用效果。方法:将2007年9月～2008年5月收治的32例食管癌患者作为观察组,实施围术期临床护理路径;将2006年9月～2007年5月收治的38例食管癌患者作为对照组,实施常规护理。比较两组患者满意度及健康教育达标率。结果:观察组患者对入院宣教、服务态度、疾病知识教育、处理问题及时性的满意度及健康教育达标率均高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:临床护理路径作为一种新型护理模式,体现出了以患者为中心的服务宗旨,提高了患者满意度和健康教育达标率。