Further circulation of West Nile and Usutu viruses in wild birds in Italy

Usutu virus (USUV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are emerging pathogens that can cause neurological disease in humans. From March 2012 to June 2013, a sero-survey on wild birds was carried out to investigate the circulation of both viruses in Northwest (NW) Italy. Samples belonging to 47 different bird species have been collected using a volunteer based network and a wildlife rehabilitation center. Four of 297 serum samples had neutralizing antibodies against USUV (P = 1.34%, IC 95% 0.36–3.4), while 10 of 233 samples tested positive for WNV (P = 4.29%, IC 95% 2.07–7.75). Neutralizing antibodies for WNV were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.001) in trans-Saharan migrants (P = 21%, IC 95% 9.55–37.3) than in resident and short-distance birds, but no migratory habit-related differences were found for USUV. Antibodies in resident bird species suggest that both viruses are circulating in NW Italy.     

建立MALDI-TOF MS鉴定的海洋致病性弧菌数据库样本前处理的适宜条件

目的探讨建立基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)鉴定海洋致病性弧菌数据库前样本处理的适宜条件,为完善MALDI-TOF MS鉴定该菌入数据库提供参考。 方法将32株海洋致病性弧菌培养至24、48、72 h时,分别用直接转移法、扩展的直接转移法、甲酸提取法得到上机样品,然后用MALDI-TOF MS进行采图鉴定,用SPSS20.0软件进行统计学分析,对样本不同培养时间及3种处理方法的鉴定结果进行比较评价。 结果培养24 h鉴定分数平均值为2.321,属水平鉴定正确率为96.88%,种水平鉴定正确率为90.63%;培养48 h鉴定分数平均值为2.315,属水平鉴定正确率为93.75%,种水平鉴定正确率为90.63%;培养72 h鉴定分数平均值为2.316,属水平鉴定正确率为93.75%,种水平鉴定正确率为87.50%,3种不同培养时间的前处理方法鉴定至属(P=0.129)、鉴定到种(P=0.078),差异均无统计学意义。直接转移法鉴定分数平均值为1.986,属水平鉴定正确率为78.13%,种水平鉴定分数为59.38%;扩展的直接转移法鉴定分数平均值为2.135,属水平鉴定正确率为90.63%,种水平鉴定正确率为78.13%;甲酸提取法鉴定分数平均值为2.306,属水平鉴定正确率为96.88%,种水平鉴定分数为90.63%,3种不同上机前样本处理方法鉴定到属时差异有统计学意义(P=0.006);鉴定到种时差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.691,P=0.013)。 结论建立MALDI-TOF MS海洋致病性弧菌数据库时,选择培养时间24 h的甲酸法提取菌体蛋白的前处理方法较适宜,可得到高质量的蛋白指纹图谱和鉴定正确率。     

Overview of dermatologic tele-expertise in areas of low physician density: A retrospective study at Le Mans general hospital

BackgroundIn areas of low physician density, especially as regards dermatologists in France, there is an increasing interest in tele-expertise. This is particularly the case in the Sarthe department, where the number of physicians continues to decline and access to care was further limited by the COVID 19 epidemic.Study designWe retrospectively collected data from tele-expertise requests submitted to Le Mans General Hospital by general practitioners via a dedicated platform between May 6, 2019, and April 9, 2021.ResultsSix hundred and forty three requests relating to 90 different diagnoses were recorded during this period. One hundred and thirty four patients (20% of requests) were invited to attend a face-to-face consultation within an average of 29 days.DiscussionThrough the use of tele-expertise at Le Mans Genreal Hospital it was possible to introduce a means of tackling the problem of the lack of dermatologists in the Sarthe department. Rapid responses enabled the number of consultation requests to be reduced, leading to fewer population displacements in the context of the present pandemic.ConclusionThese initial results are encouraging and confirm that tele-expertise seems a satisfactory option to optimize access to care for populations in areas of low physician density.