河南省艾滋病随访管理人员能力评价及影响因素分析

目的:对河南省艾滋病随访管理人员能力进行评价并探讨其影响因素。方法:采用匿名问卷调查的方式,对河南省5个艾滋病防治示范县/市从事艾滋病随访管理工作的139名人员进行调查,并对相关影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果:河南省艾滋病随访管理人员能力评价总体得分为(27.78±5.50)分,达标率为80.58%,其中8项基本技能评价中得分最高的为专业基础知识技能(3.71±1.00)分。进一步分析显示,影响艾滋病随访管理人员能力的主要因素有:单位级别为乡/镇级(OR=6.709)、单位级别为县/市级(OR=8.348)、学历为大专及以上(OR=6.012)、编制为在编(OR=4.252)、随访工作时间为5~a(OR=7.999)、随访工作时间为10~a(OR=5.382)、培训级别为省级及以上(OR=4.220)。结论:河南省艾滋病随访管理人员能力能够满足当前基本工作任务的需要,优化人力资源配置、提高岗位吸引力、开展高层次的专业技术培训能够进一步提高艾滋病随访管理人员的能力。     

Subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with the presence of hypertension

Background and aimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, it is unclear whether NAFLD contributes independently to the development of CV disease. Our study aimed at assessing the differences in several indices of atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness and cardiac morphology among patients with isolated NAFLD, isolated hypertension (HT) or a combination of the two conditions.Methods and resultsA total of 169 participants (mean age = 50.4 ± 10.2 yrs; males = 73.6%) were divided according to the presence of NAFLD and HT into three groups: only NAFLD (55 patients), only HT (49 patients), and NAFLD + HT (65 patients). Exclusion criteria were a BMI≥35 kg/m² and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Carotid ultrasonography was performed to measure markers of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. Cardiac remodeling was analyzed using echocardiography. The prevalence of subclinical and overt atherosclerosis was significantly higher in the NAFLD + HT patients as compared to the other two groups (atherosclerotic plaques: 43.1%, 10.9%, and 22.4% (p < 0.001) in NAFLD + HT, NAFLD, and HT groups, respectively). No differences were found among indices of arterial stiffening and cardiac remodeling across the three groups. In multivariate regression analysis, the coexistence of NAFLD and HT was an independent risk factor for overt atherosclerosis (OR = 4.88, CI 95% 1.14–20.93), while no association was found when either NAFLD or HT was considered alone.ConclusionOvert atherosclerosis was significantly present only in NAFLD + HT patients, but not in patients with isolated NAFLD. This implies that the impact of NAFLD on vascular structure and function could depend on the coexistence of other major CV risk factors, such as HT.     

Relation of genetic polymorphisms in microRNAs with diastolic and systolic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background and aimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has high risk of developing cardiac dysfunction, increasing of either cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. MicroRNAs (miRNA) affect cardiac function of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between five miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and diastolic and systolic function of T2DM.Methods and resultsThree hundred untreated T2DM subjects were included. Each subject underwent SNP genotyping, conventional echocardiography, tissue doppler imaging, and speckle tracking imaging. The effects of miRNA SNPs on diastolic and systolic function were evaluated. The diastolic function of T2DM subjects with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 wild genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 variant genotype was lower than those with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 variant genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 wild genotype, manifesting as higher left atrial volume index, lower mean E′, and higher E/E’ (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects of miR-133a-2-rs13040413, let-7a-1-rs13293512 and miR-27a-rs895819 on the diastolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05). These five miRNA SNPs had no effect on the systolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05).ConclusionsMiRNA-133a-1-rs8089787 and let-7f-rs10877887 were associated with impaired cardiac diastolic function in T2DM. The findings may be a promising therapeutic targets for preventing diastolic dysfunction in T2DM.     

Progressive implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies for ventricular tachycardia: The efficacy and safety of multiple bursts,ramps, and low-energy shocks

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A review of the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Asia

Electronic databases and bibliographies were searched for English language articles on the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Asia over time to estimate prevalence. The overall reported prevalence of ASD in recent studies was higher than the previously reported in Asia. The average prevalence of ASD before 1980 was around 1.9/10,000 while it was 14.8/10,000 from 1980 to present. The median prevalence of ASD among 2–6-year-old children who are reported in China from 2000 upwards was 10.3/10,000. ASD is probably more common in Asia than previously thought.