A nationwide post-marketing survey of knowledge,attitude and practice toward human papillomavirus vaccine in general population: Implications for vaccine roll-out in mainland China

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been increasingly discussed in mainland China since its first approval in 2016. To date, nearly all studies assessing HPV vaccine perceptions and attitudes were implemented during pre-licensure period. Therefore, the nationwide post-marketing survey was conducted to update knowledge, attitudes and practice on HPV vaccine among general population in mainland China.MethodsParticipants aged 18–45 years living in mainland China were recruited in April 2019 by multi-stage non-randomized sampling. Sociodemographic factors, HPV and HPV vaccine related awareness, knowledge, attitudes, vaccine uptake and potential obstacles were assessed in questionnaires. Bivariate analysis and multivariate regression were used to identify disparity among subgroups with different sociodemographic characteristics.Results4,000 women (32.1 ± 7.81y) and 1,000 men (31.8 ± 7.96y) were included in final analysis. Less than one third of participants had heard of HPV (female: 31%; male: 22%) and HPV vaccine (female: 34%; male: 23%). Knowledge score was also unfavorable on HPV (female: 3 out of 13; male: 1.8 out of 13) and HPV vaccine (female: 3 out of 6; male: 2 out of 5). Only 3% females had been vaccinated three years after HPV licensure in China, although willingness to get vaccinated among those unvaccinated were high (mean willingness score ± SD: female: 3.3 ± 0.97; male: 3.0 ± 0.98). Industry of employment and household income were the major factors related to awareness and knowledge of vaccine, whereas HPV and HPV vaccine awareness were key influential factors for willingness. The main obstacles of vaccination were safety concerns, lack of knowledge, and high price of HPV vaccines.ConclusionsFindings highlight a lack of vaccine awareness, knowledge, and poor uptake in mainland China and underscore the necessity of health education campaigns. The identified priority groups, contents to be delivered and practical obstacles could furthermore provide insight into health education to reduce disparities and accelerate HPV vaccine roll-out in China.     

2010—2019年新疆伊宁市初治涂阳肺结核患者流行特征及治疗转归分析

目的 了解2010—2019年新疆伊宁市初治涂阳肺结核流行特征,并分析影响其治疗结局的因素,为该地区的结核病疫情防控提供理论依据。方法 通过《中国结核病管理信息系统》收集伊宁市2010—2019年初治涂阳肺结核患者的基本信息、治疗及诊断信息。人口学信息来源于2010—2019年《伊犁州统计局统计年鉴》,流行特征分析采用描述性流行病学方法,并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析纳入患者治疗转归的影响因素。结果 2010—2019年新疆伊宁市共报道了4728例初治涂阳肺结核病患者,年均报告发病率为87.16/10万,各年度报告发病率范围为66.55/10万（391例）~127.29/10万（727例）,在4728例初治涂阳患者中,HIV检查阳性患者共665例,HIV-TB双重感染年均登记报告率为12.57/10万;男性2922例,女性1806例,男性与女性的比例为1.62∶1;16~45岁［66.96%(3166/4728)］、少数民族［84.40%（3973/4728）］人群多发;患者来源主要以转诊为主,占比为42.49%（2009/4728）;患者主要为Ⅲ型肺结核［94.20%（4454/4728）］;初治涂阳肺结核流行期集中在每年的3—5月;多因素logistic回归结果显示:强化期督导（OR=0.015,95%CI:0.003~0.077）、全程督导（OR=0.067,95%CI:0.014~0.314）、全程管理（OR=0.045,95%CI:0.004~0.526）、系统管理（OR<0.001,95%CI:0.000~0.001）的初治涂阳肺结核患者更易治疗成功。结论 2010—2019年伊宁市初治涂阳肺结核报告发病率总体上呈现先下降后上升的趋势,应重点关注男性、中年、少数民族人群,在3—5月期间对以上高危人群进行结核病筛查;加强初治涂阳肺结核患者治疗过程中的系统管理和督导工作。     

THSD7A在宫颈癌细胞侵袭、迁移等恶性生物学行为中的研究

目的 为了探索THSD7A对宫颈癌细胞的侵袭、转移以及凋亡等生物学行为的影响。方法 对宫颈癌C33a细胞和SiHa细胞培养及转染siTHSD7A基因,采用Western blotting和RT-qPCR方法在蛋白和基因水平对其验证。后应用Transwell小室实验、流式细胞术检测THSD7A沉默后对两种宫颈癌细胞的侵袭、转移、细胞周期及凋亡的改变。结果 与空白组和阴性对照组相比,沉默THSD7A的表达后,宫颈癌C33a细胞和SiHa细胞的侵袭、迁移能力明显下降（P＜0.01）;进入S期和G2/M期细胞数目减少,凋亡比例增高（P＜0.05）。结论 提示THSD7A可能作为一种致癌基因,在宫颈癌恶性生物学行为的发展过程中起到推进作用。     

基于Prophet等时间序列季节模型的肺结核发病预测及对比分析

目的 探索河南省2014—2019年肺结核发病趋势及季节性特征,比较Prophet模型、ARIMA季节模型和Holt-Winters模型的拟合及预测效果,为肺结核防控提供科学依据。方法 基于河南省2014年1月至2018年12月肺结核月发病数据,建立Prophet模型、ARIMA季节模型和Holt-Winters模型,采用2019年1月至12月肺结核月报告发病数据验证预测效果。评价指标选取均方根误差（RMSE）、平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）、平均绝对误差（MAE）、平均置信区间宽度、真实值超出置信区间个数。结果 模型拟合结果显示,河南省肺结核发病呈逐年下降趋势,每年3—5月达到发病高峰,2月和10月出现低谷;Prophet模型拟合及预测表现最优,评价指标RMSE、MAPE、MAE、平均置信区间宽度均低于另外两个模型,Holt-Winters模型次之,ARIMA(0,1,1)×(0,1,1)12模型拟合及预测效果相对较差。结论 Prophet模型具有较高的拟合预测准确度和精确度,可以很好地捕捉河南省肺结核发病趋势,模型拟合结果对肺结核防控工作具有一定指导意义。     

超高速细胞分选平台结合cDNA microarray技术筛查宫颈癌细胞潜在分子标志物

目的：通过超高速细胞分选平台结合cDNA microarray技术,筛查宫颈癌细胞可能潜在的分子标志物。方法：采用MoFlo XDP型超高速细胞分选平台纯化细胞膜表面表达CD38和不表达CD38的宫颈癌细胞,利用RNAlater技术得到cDNA microarray实验所需RNA,然后进行基因芯片分析。结果：利用MoFlo XDP型超高速细胞分选平台可以获得纯度为99.0%以上的CD38阳性表达宫颈癌细胞。结论：cDNA microarray分析发现了RORA、PLIN4、AUTS2、IFITM1等宫颈癌细胞潜在分子标志物,为宫颈癌研究提供了新的技术方法。     

Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and its association with human longevity in the Uygur nationality in Xinjiang

Objective To study the relationship between apoE alleles and life-span.Methods Apolipoprotein E genotypes were determined in 164 unrelated Uygurs including 35 persons aged 90 years or older, 71 men aged 20-35 and 54 men with myocardial in farction by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymor phism.Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism was analyzed among three groups. Results There was statistically significant difference in the ε4 allele frequencies amo ng three groups.The ε4 allele frequency in olds was the lowest (0.057), whil e in patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI) was the highest (0.213) .In MI patients the average age of first attack in ε4 allele carriers was sig nificantly younger than that of non-carries, 51.3 and 58.3 years, respectivel y (P&lt;0.05).Conclusion ApoE genotype may have some impact on human longevity.     

肝海绵状血管瘤的螺旋CT表现特征

目的：分析肝海绵状血管瘤的螺旋ＣＴ表现特点,探讨应用螺旋双期或三期增强扫描鉴别肝内实性占位灶的价值。方法：对４８ 例患者ＣＴ平扫发现肝内占位病灶后采用螺旋ＣＴ增强扫描。造影剂单相注射,每秒３～３．５ ｍ ｌ,每例５０～８０ ｍ ｌ。第一相全肝螺旋增强扫描在造影剂注入后２０～２５ ｓ开始,第二相６０～７０ ｓ,延迟５～１５ｍ ｉｎ 对病灶所在的层面进行扫描。结果：５８ 个病灶平扫均为境界清楚的低密度区,增强后４３ 例（８９．５８％ ）于动脉期出现病灶边缘部致密的结节状或斑块状强化,门静脉期扫描增强区域扩大或整个结节增强。延迟扫描病灶全部强化或绝大部分强化,密度与肝实质相等或稍高。３ 例（６．２６％ ）动脉期表现为致密强化结节影（直径＜ ２ｃｍ ）, 门静脉期结节密度变淡,延迟扫描病变与肝脏等密度。２ 例（４．１６％ ）动脉期未见病灶强化,门静脉期病灶稍小,延迟扫描病变呈等密度灶。结论：肝海绵状血管瘤的特征表现是增强早期病灶边缘区的结节状致密强化,与肝癌的鉴别之处在于延迟相病灶表现为相等或稍高密度     

29例髓母细胞瘤术后放射治疗

目的：回顾２９ 例髓母细胞瘤术后放疗,对影响生存情况的因素进行分析。方法：手术后病理证实的２９例髓母细胞瘤,先行卡氮芥（ＢＣＮＵ）化疗,再行６０钴常规分割照射：全脑剂量（ＤＴ）２２～４０ Ｇｙ;原发病灶追加ＤＴ１５～２２ Ｇｙ;全脊髓轴ＤＴ２５～３５ Ｇｙ。结果：１、３、５、８ 年生存率分别为８９．６％ （２６／２９）、５５．２％ （１６／２９）、３０．４％ （７／２３）、２５．０％ （４／１６）。结论：病人生存期长短与手术切除范围、术后接受放疗时间、放射剂量及是否行化疗有关。