Meta‐analysis: non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

The relationship between non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has remained unclear. To evaluate the relationship between NSAID use and risk of ESCC, we searched the MEDLINE, Biosis, Web of Science and ISI proceedings databases up to September 2010, together with a manual search of reference lists of relevant articles. Studies evaluating the association between exposure to NSAIDs and risk of ESCC were included. The analyses used random‐effect or fixed‐effect model based on homogeneity analysis. Seven studies (six case‐control studies and one nested case‐control study) were included in this meta‐analysis. NSAID use was associated with a reduced risk of ESCC (odds ratio = 0.58, 95% confidence interval = 0.47 to 0.72). Specific analysis for aspirin and non‐aspirin NSAIDs yielded similar results. There was a protective association between NSAIDs and ESCC. This finding warrants more prospective studies evaluating the relationship between NSAIDs and ESCC.     

卡介苗热休克蛋白16.3基因的克隆与原核表达

目的 克隆卡介苗(BCG)的热休克蛋白16.3基因(hsp16.3),并在大肠杆菌中表达.方法 利用PCR技术从BCG中扩增hsp16.3基因,并将其克隆到质粒pProEX HTb中,进行测序.将得到的重组表达质粒pProEX HTb-hsp16.3在大肠杆菌BL21中进行表达.结果 成功地克隆了BCG hsp16.3基因.经DNA测序证实,与Gen Bank公布的序列一致.含pProEX HTb- hsp16.3重组质粒的大肠杆菌BL21经诱导后,能够表达相对分子质量约为16KDa的融合蛋白.结论 获得了BCG hsp16.3基因,成功构建原核表达质粒pProEX HTb- hsp16.3,并在大肠杆菌得到高效表达.     

Role of smooth muscle Nox4-based NADPH oxidase in neointimal hyperplasia

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vascular wall play a key role in the development of neointimal hyperplasia. Nox4-based NADPH oxidase is a major ROS generating enzyme in the vasculature, but its roles in neointimal hyperplasia remain unclear.ObjectiveOur purpose was to investigate the role of smooth muscle cell (SMC) Nox4 in neointimal hyperplasia.Approach and resultsMice overexpressing a human Nox4 mutant form, carrying a P437H dominant negative mutation (Nox4DN) and driven by SM22α promoter, to achieve specific expression in SMC, were generated in a FVB/N genetic background. After wire injury-induced endothelial denudation, Nox4DN had significantly decreased neointima formation compared with non-transgenic littermate controls (NTg). ROS production, serum-induced proliferation and migration, were significantly decreased in aortic SMCs isolated from Nox4DN compared with NTg. Both mRNA and protein levels of thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) were significantly downregulated in Nox4DN SMCs. Downregulation of TSP1 by siRNA decreased cell proliferation and migration in SMCs. Similar to Nox4DN, downregulation of Nox4 by siRNA significantly decreased TSP1 expression level, cell proliferation and migration in SMCs.ConclusionsDownregulation of smooth muscle Nox4 inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by suppressing TSP1, which in part can account for inhibition of SMC proliferation and migration.     

血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶在糖尿病肾病小鼠中的表达及意义

目的 探讨血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶(SGK)在糖尿病肾病(DN)早期病变中的表达及意义。方法 采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)单次腹腔注射诱导小鼠DN模型,设DN组和正常对照组(NG)。在DN模型4周时,检测肾小球细胞外基质(ECM)、肾重指数、24 h尿蛋白量和Ccr;RT-PCR检测DN病变早期肾皮质SGK 1、SGK 2、SGK 3及Ⅰ型胶原α2(Col Ⅰα2)、纤连蛋白(FN)和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)mRNA表达;Western印迹检测SGK1蛋白的表达。结果 与NG组相比,DN组小鼠肾重／体重、24 h尿蛋白量,ECM相对面积,Ccr均显著增加。肾皮质Col Ⅰ α2、FN、TGF-β1 mRNA表达显著上调,同时SGK1 mRNA、SGK2 mRNA、SGK3 mRNA及SGK1蛋白表达显著上调。而且SGK1、SGK2、SGK3的mRNA表达与Col Ⅰ α2,FN,TGF-βl mRNA表达均有显著正相关关系。结论 SGK在DN肾脏中有较高表达,伴随有ECM积聚,与Col Ⅰα2,FN,TGF-β1 mRNA表达有显著正相关,它可能在DN早期病变中起重要作用。     

负压引流技术治疗大鼠股骨骨髓炎的实验研究

 摘要：目的  探讨负压引流技术（VSD）在大鼠股骨骨髓炎动物模型上的治疗效果,为VSD在临床上的应用提供前期的基础性实验研究。方法  首先将金黄色葡萄球菌注射至大鼠股骨骨髓内复制大鼠股骨骨髓炎模型。然后待模型制备成功后,将大鼠均分为5组,分别为VSD治疗1、3、5和7 d组,以及模型组,VSD组采用VSD进行治疗,模型组进行普通的换药治疗。最后通过大体观察、体温、创面细菌计数,确定VSD负压治疗大鼠股骨骨髓炎的效果。结果  造模过程中大鼠体温上升,体重下降,精神萎靡、进食减少,双下肢活动不便,感染局部红肿,1周后伤口局部出现渗液、流脓。经过VSD治疗后小鼠体温回复正常,创面无分泌物,并且随着治疗时间的延长,创面细菌数显著减少,且变得干燥、颜色红润,新鲜肉芽生长良好。结论  金黄色葡萄球菌复制大鼠股骨骨髓炎模型成功,成功率为90%;VSD负压引流治疗效果非常显著。

     

锁定加压钢板外置治疗胫骨中下段骨折

目的探讨锁定加压钢板(locking compression plate,LCP)外置治疗胫骨中下段骨折的手术技巧和临床疗效。方法 2012年8月~2013年1月,我院共对9例患者采用LCP外置治疗胫骨中下段骨折,其中男7例,女2例,年龄25~51岁,平均32.3岁。6例为闭合性骨折,3例外开放性骨折均为Anderson-Gustilo分型的Ⅰ型。骨折AO分类:A型5例,B型4例。术后采用Johner-Wruhs标准进行功能评分和影像学X线片评价此手术方法的临床疗效。结果 9例患者均获得临床随访,随访时间14~22个月,平均16.5个月,9例患者骨折愈合良好,骨折临床愈合时间为13~19周,平均13.6周。1例患者因为组织损伤严重出现局部组织坏死,换药后伤口愈合良好,1例患者出现螺钉变形,通过减少患者负重,未出现螺钉断裂。最后一次随访Johner-Wruhs评分:优5例,良4例。结论 LCP外置治疗胫骨中下段骨折具有创伤小、易操作、对骨折局部血运影响小、临床效果可靠的优点。     

The effectiveness of curvilinear supine position on the incidence of pressure injuries and interface pressure among surgical patients

Background

Intraoperative pressure injury is still a major problem of perioperative nursing. Reducing the peak interface pressure is a valid clinical intervention for reducing the incidence of intraoperative pressure injuries. However, studies of repositioning and pressure-redistributing for surgical patients are still lacking. In this context we aimed to evaluate the effect of a curvilinear supine position on incidence of pressure injury with surgical patients in a hospital setting.

Will ethylene oxide sterilization influence the application of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite intrauterine devices?

Background

Copper/low-density polyethylene (Cu/LDPE) nanocomposite intrauterine device (IUD) is an implanted medicinal device that must be sterilized before use. Sterilization processes act either chemically or physically, leading to a lethal change in the structure or function of organic macromolecules in microorganisms. Given the nature of their action, sterilization might also attack the macromolecules of polymers by the same mechanisms, resulting in changes in surface functional groups and in the internal structure of the polymer. If sterilization leads to changes in surface functional groups and in the internal structure of the LDPE matrix, which will influence the mechanical property and cupric ions release rate of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite IUDs, potential clinical application will be limited. Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of ethylene oxide sterilization on the potential clinical application of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite IUDs.

Study Design

The influence of ethylene oxide sterilization on the internal structure, surface functional groups, mechanical property and cupric ions release rate of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite IUDs was studied using differential scanning calorimetry, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, tensile testing and absorbance measurement.

Results

Ethylene oxide sterilization did not have any influence on the internal structure, surface functional groups, mechanical property and cupric ions release rate of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite intrauterine devices.

Conclusion

Ethylene oxide sterilization will not affect the potential application of novel Cu/LDPE nanocomposite IUDs.     

溶瘤病毒治疗胰腺癌的研究进展

溶瘤病毒是一类具有复制能力的肿瘤杀伤型病毒。这类病毒可以依靠病毒本身的特异性在肿瘤细胞中复制而杀死并裂解肿瘤细胞,从中释放出来的病毒又可以进一步感染周围的肿瘤细胞,以此达到理想的治疗效果。腺病毒和人类Ⅰ型疱疹病毒是目前治疗胰腺癌研究最深入的溶瘤病毒。使用溶瘤病毒治疗胰腺癌的优点在于并不是每一个细胞都需要病毒转染,并且正常组织细胞不会受到影响,因而具有非常广阔的应用前景。现对溶瘤病毒治疗胰腺癌的作用机制进行综述。