构树总黄酮对长波紫外线引起人角质形成细胞损伤的防护作用

目的研究长波紫外线(UVA)照射对人角质形成细胞的氧化损伤以及构树总黄酮(totalflavonoids of broussonetia papyrifera,TFBP)的防护效果。方法在人角质形成细胞培养的基础上,实验组在照射前加入不同剂量的TFBP,然后和处理组一起接受UVA照射,通过噻唑蓝(MTT)染色法检测细胞活性、裂解液中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,对构树叶提取物的抗氧化效果进行评价。结果随着UVA剂量的增高(0.46~2.76J/cm2),细胞的活性逐渐降低(96.3%~37.5%),添加TFBP10~200mg/L后,细胞活性升高,MDA含量由(5.14±0.58)nmol/mg pro降低到(2.98±0.14)nmol/mg pro,SOD活力由(23.09±3.91)U/mg pro增加到(34.50±1.59)U/mg pro,GSH-Px活力也有所升高。结论本试验条件下,UVA对人角质形成细胞有明显的氧化损伤,TFBP对这种氧化损伤有防护作用。     

天津市流行性腮腺炎疫苗纳入免疫规划效果评价

目的 麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗纳入天津市免疫规划后,对流行性腮腺炎的控制效果进行评价。 方法 利用全国传染病报告管理系统和天津市流行性腮腺炎专报平台数据分析疾病流行特征和免疫状况,开展血清学监测评价人群抗体水平。 结果 2007-2014年天津市流行性腮腺炎发病率从40.34/10万下降到11.14/10万,0~4岁组病例比例从9.50%增加到32.50%,10~14岁组从33.20%降低到12.93%,5~9岁和10-14岁组发病率降幅分别为70.41%和81.05%。2013-2014年共调查<10岁组流行性腮腺炎病例2 195例,个案调查率分别是83.45%和96.78%,病例中87.19%有至少1剂次免疫史。其中18月龄~2岁85.85%有1剂次疫苗免疫史,在3~4岁组中达到91.33%,5-9岁组有73.81%的病例有≥2剂次免疫史。2007-2014年天津市开展了4次健康人群流行性腮腺炎IgG抗体监测,抗体阳性率分别是2007年73.52%、2011年74.09%、2013年74.04%和2014年79.85%,经χ2检验,各年份抗体阳性率无统计学差异(χ2=6.51,P=0.09)。不同年龄组中,18月龄~2岁、3~4岁和5~9岁组抗体阳性率近年来逐渐升高,其中2014年3~4岁和5~9岁组抗体阳性率分别达到91.53%和98.33%。 结论 加强流行性腮腺炎监测和实现消除目标,应提高病例实验室检测率和开展2剂次MMR疫苗接种。     

Immunogenicity and safety of sabin-strain based inactivated poliovirus vaccine replacing salk-strain based inactivated poliovirus vaccine: An innovative application of different strain-IPVs replacement

BackgroundA domestic Sabin strain-based inactivated poliovirus vaccine (Sabin IPV) was approved by China Food and Drug Administration in 2017 as a replacement for the Salk strain-based inactivated poliovirus vaccine (Salk IPV) that has been in use in China for over 10 years. The present post-marketing trial was implemented in China to assess the immunogenicity and safety of replacing the Salk IPV with the Sabin IPV in the last two immunizations of the standard three-dose schedule.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial with two groups that received three doses of IPVs at the age of 2, 3, and 4 months: the Salk-Sabin-Sabin group and the Salk-Salk-Salk group. Blood samples were collected before vaccination and 30–40 days after the third dose of vaccination. The seroconversion rates and antibody geometric mean titers (GMTs) were calculated and analyzed to evaluate immunogenicity. The safety of both immunization schedules was also monitored and analyzed.ResultsOf 360 recruited healthy infants, all three IPV doses were administered and blood collection was completed in 330 infants. All participants (100%) in both groups were seropositive for all three poliovirus types after the last vaccination. There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.001) in the GMTs for antibodies against poliovirus types 1 and 2, but no significant difference was observed for antibodies against type 3 (P = 0.009). A non-inferiority t-test showed that the post-immunization GMTs for all three types in the Salk-Sabin-Sabin group were not inferior to those in the Salk-Salk-Salk group (P < 0.001). Safety assessment indicated that there was no significant difference in the incidence of all adverse events between the two groups (P = 0.806).ConclusionsThe Salk-Sabin-Sabin IPV immunization schedule is not inferior to the Salk-Salk-Salk IPV schedule in terms of both immunogenicity and safety.Clinical trial number: NCT04051736.     

基于Digital Diagnost型DR质量控制检测结果分析

目的 探讨Digital Diagnost型DR质量控制检测结果，同时分析不同厂家DR的信号传递特性（STP）的差异，以期为检测人员的质控和行政人员日常监管提供参考。方法 依据WS 76—2020 《医用X射线诊断设备质量控制检测规范》，对Digital Diagnost型DR的AEC重复性、AEC响应、探测器剂量指示（DDI）、STP、高对比度分辨力、低对比度分辨力等检测项目进行质量控制检测，同时选取市场上常见DR分析其STP函数关系。结果 Digital Diagnost型DR的DDI、高对比度分辨力和低对比度分辨力的基线值分别为影像中央像素值19733、2.8 Lp/mm和H5；其他检测项目质控结果均满足WS 76—2020的要求。常见DR的STP函数关系主要为线性和对数关系，但相同厂家不同型号DR也可能具有不同的STP函数关系。结论 DR部分专用检测项目检测时，应注意多种因素的影响，同时细化检测项目的检测步骤与条件设置。在对STP进行分析时应按照厂家提供的函数关系进行模拟。     

The importance of sampling technique and rinse water for assessing flexible gastrointestinal endoscope reprocessing: A 3-year study covering 59 centers

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