Expression and function of miRNA in postoperative radiotherapy sensitive and resistant patients of non-small cell lung cancer

Purpose

To investigate the different miRNA expression profiles of postoperative radiotherapy sensitive and resistant patients of non-small cell lung cancer, explore their potential role and find some radio-sensitivity markers.

Materials and methods

Thirty non-small cell lung cancer patients who have been treated by postoperative radiotherapy were selected and were divided into radiotherapy sensitive group and resistant group according to overall survival and local or distant recurrence rate. Expression profile of miRNA in these two groups was detected by a microarray assay and the results were validated by quantitative RT-PCR and Northern blot. At the molecular level, the effect of one differently expressed miRNA (miR-126) on the growth and apoptosis of SK-MES-1 cells induced by irradiation was examined.

Results

Comparing with resistant patients, five miRNAs (miRNA-126, miRNA-let-7a, miRNA-495, miRNA-451 and miRNA-128b) were significantly upregulated and seven miRNAs (miRNA-130a, miRNA-106b, miRNA-19b, miRNA-22, miRNA-15b, miRNA-17-5p and miRNA-21) were greatly downregulated in radiotherapy sensitive group. Overexpression of miRNA-126 inhibited the growth of SK-MES-1 cells and promoted its apoptosis induced by irradiation. The expression level of p-Akt decreased in miRNA-126 overexpression group. After treating with phosphoinositidyl-3 kinase (PI3K) constitutively activator (IGF-1) and inhibitor (LY294002), miRNA-126 overexpression had no significant effects on the apoptosis of SK-MES-1 cells.

Conclusion

We found 12 differently expressed miRNAs in the radiotherapy sensitive and resistant non-small cell lung cancer samples. Moreover, our results showed miRNA-126 promoted non-small cell lung cancer cells apoptosis induced by irradiation through the PI3K-Akt pathway.     

Potential Implication of Activating Killer Cell Immunoglobulin‐Like Receptor and HLA in Onset of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) play crucial role in maintaining immune homoeostasis and controlling immune responses. To investigate the influence of KIR and HLA‐C ligands on the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), we studied 200 patients who were confirmed to have PTB and 200 healthy controls on the different frequencies of KIR and HLA‐C ligands. Genotyping of these genes was conducted by sequence‐specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP‐PCR) method. Gene frequencies were compared between PTB group and the control group by χ² test, and P < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. As a result, the frequency of KIR genotype A/B was increased in PTB than controls but A/A was decreased. Moreover, striking differences were observed in the frequencies of HLA‐Cw*08 between the two groups. Besides, the frequencies of ‘2DL2/3 with C1’ in PTB were increased compared with control group. In addition, individuals with no KIR2DS3 and no Cw*08 were higher in controls than in PTB. KIR2DS1 was increased in PTB when HLA‐C group 2 alleles were missing. In conclusion, KIR and HLA‐C gene polymorphisms were related to susceptibility to PTB.     

炎性成肌纤维细胞瘤并发结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染一例——文献复习及临床诊疗过程分析

炎性成肌纤维细胞瘤在临床上较为罕见,临床诊断困难,在结核相关检查结果为阳性时,容易误诊为结核病。作者结合相关文献回顾分析了山东大学附属山东省胸科医院收治的1例恶性炎性成肌纤维细胞瘤并发结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染患者的临床资料,指出如果抗结核、抗炎治疗疗效不佳时,应考虑到少见的低度恶性肿瘤的可能;应采取多次多点活检病理检查,必要时请多家医院进行病理会诊,以尽早明确诊断。     

早期肺癌的诊断

目的 :通过对 4 8例早期肺癌的分析 ,提出了发现和诊断早期肺癌的方法。方法 :收集我院1995～ 1999年万余例肺部疾病患者进行纤维支气管镜检查 ,经病理和细胞检查确诊肺癌 3648例 ,对其中属早期肺癌 4 8例进行分析。结果 :早期中心型肺癌和周围型肺癌的发生部位、进展形态和临床症状不同 ,其早期发现的诊断也不同。结论 :凡临床表现干咳、痰血、肺部同一部位反复出现炎症者 ,应及时通过胸部X线、CT、痰细胞学和纤支镜检查以明确诊断。对高危人群和高发地区前瞻性普查是发现无症状小肺癌的重要手段     

In vitro characterization of methotrexate loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres and antitumor efficacy in Sarcoma-180 mice bearing tumor

Methotrexate (MTX) loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The mean diameter of the microspheres was affected by the type of emulsion stabilizer, polymer concentration, aqueous and organic phase volume and stirring speed. The in vitro release was triphasic and was dependent on copolymer composition and molecular weight of the polymer. Antitumor efficacy in Sarcoma-180 tumor bearing mice exhibited increased volume doubling time (18 ± 2.7 days) compared to plain subcutaneous injection of methotrexate (8 ± 0.7 days). Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies following subcutaneous administration of MTX loaded PLGA microspheres illustrated the controlled release of the drug. The studies demonstrated the feasibility of employing PLGA as an effective carrier for antineoplastic drug like methotrexate.     

Chinese expert consensus on interventional diagnosis and management of acquired digestive-respiratory tract fistulas (second edition)

Acquired digestive-respiratory tract fistulas occur with abnormal communication between the respiratory tract and digestive tract caused by a variety of benign or malignant diseases, leading to the alimentary canal contents in the respiratory tract. Although various departments have been actively exploring advanced fistula closure techniques, including surgical methods and multimodal therapy, some of which have gotten good clinical effects, there are few large-scale evidence-based medical data to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. The guidelines update the etiology, classification, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of acquired digestive-respiratory tract fistulas. It has been proved that the implantation of the respiratory and digestive stent is the most important and best treatment for acquired digestive-respiratory tract fistulas. The guidelines conduct an in-depth review of the current evidence and introduce in detail the selection of stents, implantation methods, postoperative management and efficacy evaluation.     

穿心莲内酯类制剂抗新型冠状病毒肺炎的相关理论依据和作用特点

2019年12月以来,新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在中国迅速蔓延。中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会及各地相关部门陆续发布多个针对COVID-19的诊疗方案。部分方案推荐喜炎平注射液用于COVID-19的临床治疗。该药的有效成分为穿心莲内酯总磺化物,为穿心莲内酯的衍生物。其具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎等功能,对包括病毒性肺炎、上呼吸道感染在内的呼吸系统疾病疗效确切,且积累了大量临床数据。穿心莲内酯在COVID-19治疗中具有潜在的抗病毒作用,且能降低患者炎症水平,改善呼吸道症状,抑制并发细菌感染,提升机体免疫力。同时亦不会带来激素类药物的免疫抑制作用,不良反应发生率低。除此之外,穿心莲内酯有一定的保肝作用和治疗心血管疾病的临床使用经验,提示其可能会对由COVID-19引发的肝损伤、心脏损伤以及药物性肝损伤有一定的保护作用,但还有待临床进一步验证。对穿心莲内酯的药理作用和临床应用进行总结梳理,从中医角度分析COVID-19的病因病机和辨证治法,为穿心莲内酯用于COVID-19的治疗提供理论基础。     

Potential for prolongation of fibrinogen concentrates post-reconstitution

Background and objectivesReconstituted fibrinogen concentrate is considered stable for 8–24 h based on product monographs. Given the long half-life of fibrinogen in vivo (3–4 days), we hypothesized that reconstituted sterile fibrinogen protein would remain stable longer than 8–24 h. Extending the expiry date for reconstituted fibrinogen concentrate could decrease wastage and facilitate reconstitution in advance to minimize turnaround times. We performed a pilot study to define the stability of reconstituted fibrinogen concentrates over time.Materials and methodsReconstituted Fibryga® (Octapharma AG) from 64 vials was stored in the temperature-controlled refrigerator (4 °C) for up to 7 days with functional fibrinogen concentration measured serially using the automated Clauss method. The samples were frozen, then thawed and diluted with pooled normal plasma in order for them to be batch tested.ResultsReconstituted fibrinogen samples stored in the refrigerator showed no significant reduction in functional fibrinogen concentration for the entire 7-day study period (p = 0.63). Duration of initial freezing had no detrimental effect on functional fibrinogen levels (p = 0.23).ConclusionFibryga® can be stored at 2–8 °C post-reconstitution for up to one week with no loss in functional fibrinogen activity based on Clauss fibrinogen assay. Further studies with other fibrinogen concentrate formulations and clinical in vivo studies may be warranted