大鼠深静脉血栓形成过程中TNF-α、IL-6的研究

目的通过检测肿瘤坏死因子-d、白介素-6的变化，探讨它们在深静脉血栓形成中的作用，为临床中深静脉血栓形成的预防、早期治疗提出新的靶点。方法35只16周龄雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为6组：正常对照组（C组，n=5），模型组（DVT组）分为：模型D2、D6、D8、D12、D24组，每组各6只。造模方法是手术结扎右侧股静脉。对照组及模型组分别于造模后2、6、8、12、24h取血。用放射性免疫分析法测定血清中TNF-α，IL-6的含量。结果大鼠DVT组各时间点IL-6和TNFα血清值均高于对照组（P〈0．01）；在DVT组中随血栓形成IL-6血清浓度不断升高，在血栓形成12h时，IL-6血清浓度达到高峰。血栓形成前期即结扎大鼠右侧股静脉2h后TNFα血清浓度开始升高，后随着血栓形成TNF-α血清浓度不断升高，至血栓形成12h时达到高峰，除D8组与D12组组间比较差异无统计学意义外，其他模型组组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论细胞因子IL-6，TNFα水平随DVT的形成过程而发生变化，可作为观察血栓形成进展的指标。     

纤维支气管镜检查对原发气管肿瘤的诊断价值

目的 :探讨纤维支气管镜检查对原发性气管肿瘤的诊断价值。方法 :对 1978年～ 2 0 0 1年山东省胸科医院纤支镜检查确诊的原发性气管肿瘤 80例进行回顾性分析。结果 :80例中 ,6 2例同时作活检和刷检 ,18例单纯作刷检。活检阳性率 90 3% (5 6 6 2 ) ,刷检阳性率 83% (15 18)。结论 :纤支镜检查是目前诊断气管肿瘤的最好方法 ,不仅可直接窥见肿瘤的形态、大小、部位和范围 ,而且可通过活检、刷检取得病理和细胞学诊断 ,为治疗提供可靠依据。     

痰中SP-D水平的改变在肺结核诊断中的价值探讨

目的     检测肺结核患者痰中肺表面活性物质相关蛋白D（SP-D）的水平及其变化,探讨其对肺结核诊断和鉴别诊断的价值。方法     采用ELISA方法检测100例肺结核患者、84例健康人痰中SP-D的水平及抗结核菌抗体,采用沉降法检测血沉,采用电阻法测定白细胞计数、中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞比例,采用Mantoux法进行PPD实验。结果    肺结核患者痰中SP-D的水平明显低于健康人（P<0.05）,性别、年龄等因素对肺结核患者的SP-D水平没有明显影响（P>0.05）。 结论     测定痰中SP-D的水平对于肺结核的诊断和鉴别诊断具有参考价值。     

肺结核患者杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体基因多态性分析

目的探讨杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIRs)基因多态性与肺结核(TB)的关系。方法采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应(SSP-PCR),分析109例肺结核患者(TB组)和30例健康者(对照组)中14个KIR基因多态性。TB组又分为30例痰涂片抗酸杆菌阳性(SP组)和79例涂片阴性患者(SN组)。结果与对照组比较,SP组KIR2DL5(P=0.007)、2DS1(P=0.038)、2DS3(P=0.010)、3DS1(P=0.002)阳性率增高,KIR2DS5频率降低(P=0.038);SN组KIR2DL5(P=0.018)、2DS1(P=0.000)、2DS5(P=0.000)、3DS1(P=0.001)阳性率增高;KIR2DS4(P=0.004)和KIR2DS5(P=0.000)频率SP组较SN组升高;患者携带两个及以上活化KIR的频率较对照组明显升高(P=0.013);患者组基因型AJ的频率较对照组显著降低。结论 KIR基因多态性可能与肺结核的易感性有关。     

声光可调滤光器-近红外主成分分析法快速鉴别银黄口服液和双黄连口服液

目的:以声光可调滤光器(AOTF)-近红外光谱(NIR)技术对银黄口服液和双黄连口服液进行快速鉴别。方法:收集不同生产厂家及不同批号的银黄口服液和双黄连口服液,采集样品的NIR,用主成分分析法分别建立2种口服液的定性分析模型,并以建立的模型相互分析验证。结果:所建立的银黄口服液和双黄连口服液定性分析模型可相互正确予以鉴别。结论:本方法是一种简便、快速、低耗的新型分析技术,可用于2种口服液的快速鉴别。     

Updated Overall Survival Data and Predictive Biomarkers of Sintilimab Plus Pemetrexed and Platinum as First-Line Treatment for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC in the Phase 3 ORIENT-11 Study

IntroductionSintilimab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy alone in nonsquamous NSCLC in the ORIENT-11 study. Updated overall survival (OS) and PFS data and corresponding biomarker analyses are reported here.MethodsIn this study, a total of 397 patients with previously untreated, locally advanced or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC were assigned to sintilimab plus chemotherapy combination treatment (combo) group or placebo plus chemotherapy treatment group. The patients were stratified by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels. Immune signature profiles from tumor RNA sequencing and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry were correlated with clinical outcome to identify predictive biomarkers.ResultsAs of January 2021, with median follow-up of 22.9 months, median OS was significantly improved in the combo group compared with the placebo plus chemotherapy treatment group (not reached versus 16.8 mo; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–0.79, p = 0.0003). High or medium immune cell infiltration was strongly associated with improved PFS in the combo group, in contrast to absent or low immune cell infiltration, which suggests that chemotherapy could not prime “immune deserts” to obtain benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 inhibition. In particular, high major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II presentation pathway expression was significantly correlated with prolonged PFS (HR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19–0.54, p < 0.0001) and OS (HR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.20–0.64, p = 0.0005) in the combo group. Importantly, patients with low or absent PD-L1 but high MHC class II expression could still benefit from the combo treatment. In contrast, MHC class I antigen presentation pathway was less relevant in this combination setting.ConclusionsThe addition of sintilimab to chemotherapy resulted to significantly longer OS in nonsquamous NSCLC. Expression of MHC class II antigen presentation pathway could identify patients benefiting most from this combination.     

Retracted Article: Structural characterization of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) oligopeptides and the detection of their capability in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: induction of apoptosis

Oligopeptides are rarely reported from Chinese herbal medicine because they are often present in very low concentrations in a complex matrix. Twenty-eight oligopeptides were recently identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) from Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), and a septapeptide, FHGKGHE (Phe-His-Gly-Lys-Gly-His-Glu), named MCLO-12, showed the best anticancer activity against the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line in vitro, with an IC₅₀ value of 21.4 ± 2.21 mM. The anti-proliferative activity assay results showed that MCLO-12 induced apoptosis of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of the cells with MCLO-12 (10.7–42.8 mM mL⁻¹) caused strong intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) up-regulating activities and activated caspase expression. MCLO-12 also suppressed the Trx system and subsequently activated a number of Trx-dependent pathways, including the ASK1, MAPK-p38 and JNK pathways. Thus, our research provides a good reference point for anti-NSCLC research into oligopeptides.

MCLO-12 induced apoptosis by up-regulating the ROS, activating the caspases expressions, suppressing the Trx system and subsequently activating a number of Trx-dependent pathways.     

结核病专科医院医务人员结核感染风险研究

目的 探讨结核病专科医院医务人员职业暴露危险因素,以采取有效地预防控制措施降低结核感染风险.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,进行问卷调查,采集基本信息,对受试人群进行结核菌素试验(PPD)和T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)检测.结果 共有符合条件的497人纳入本研究,98.59％认为自己在工作中有机会接触结核病患者,81.89％工作时佩戴口罩,82.70％接种过卡介苗;受试者中,PPD试验阳性率为66.60％,T-SPOT.TB试验阳性率较低,为10.87％,两种试验结果在医院内不同职业人群间差异无统计学意义,PPD试验阳性率与工作年限有相关性(x2=11.1936,P=0.0107),而T-SPOT.TB试验结果与工作年限无明显相关.结论 加强全体医务人员,特别是行政管理人员和新上岗医务人员的个人防护和健康教育有重要意义.     

消水散辅助治疗结核性胸水有效性及安全性观察

目的探讨自制消水散辅助化疗药物治疗结核性胸水的有效性、安全性。方法将60例结核性胸水患者随机分为实验组和对照组各30例,实验组采用抗结核化疗方案2HRZE(S)／4HR 消水散,对照组化疗方案2HRZE(S)／4HR 呋噻米注射液,疗程均为24周。结果实验组临床症状、血沉变化、胸水消退时间、免疫功能等指标改善情况均明显优于对照组,两组间不良反应发生情况无统计学差异。结论消水散辅助治疗结核性胸水疗效较好,不良反应低,并能提高患者的免疫功能。