世界卫生组织真菌重点病原清单的启示

世界卫生组织于2022年10月制定了首份真菌重点病原清单,旨在加强全球对真菌感染和抗真菌药物耐药性的响应,关注并推动进一步的研究和政策干预。该真菌重点病原清单及其制定过程对于我国病原真菌及侵袭性真菌病（IFD）工作具有新的重要的启示作用：应加强我国IFD的公共卫生干预措施;进一步提高我国IFD及病原真菌的实验室检测与临床监管能力;有针对性地增加投资与支持以用于IFD诊疗和防控的创新性研发。     

Effects of the modified excision combined with bidirectional photodynamic therapy on refractory hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective study

Lasers in Medical Science - To describe the clinical features of refractory hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) patients (Hurley stageII and stage III) and evaluate the efficacy of combined treatment of...     

The analysis of cell-free DNA concentrations and integrity in serum of initial and treated of lymphoma patients

ObjectiveTo evaluate cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma as a promising biomarker for lymphoma, altered levels of cfDNA and its association with clinical parameters are investigated in patients suffered from lymphomas.MethodsPeripheral blood specimens were collected from 60 patients with lymphoma during initial diagnosis and those of another 107 patients with lymphoma during treated stage were also collected, 93 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. Quantitative PCR was used to detect cfDNA level in each group, cfDNA level in different groups was analyzed to understand its relationship with lymphoma patients' clinical features. After correlation analysis between cfDNA and clinical characteristics, Receiver operator characteristic curve was performed to analyze sensitivity and specificity of cfDNA and LDH.ResultscfDNA concentration and integrity in initial stage of lymphoma patients were significantly higher than those in treated stage, and cfDNA concentration in treated phase was significantly higher than cfDNA concentration in control group. There was no significant difference in cfDNA integrity at treated stage compared with control group. There was no significant correlation between patient's age, gender, extranodal invasion and lymphoma pathological type and cfDNA concentration and integrity; In contrast, there was a significant correlation between ECOG score, LDH content, Ann Arbor stage, IPI, B-symptoms, Ki-67 expression and radiotherapy and cfDNA concentration and integrity, both at the time of initial diagnosis and treated stage. cfDNA concentration detection is an optimal diagnostic indicator, followed by cfDNA integrity detection, the sensitivity and specificity of both are superior to the traditional LDH detection.ConclusioncfDNA level is significantly increased in lymphomas patient plasma and may help lymphoma screening. cfDNA level may serve as a potential indicator of lymphomas treatment efficacy.     

Clinical characteristics and cytokine biomarkers in patients with chronic graft-vs-host disease persisting seven or more years after diagnosis

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the leading late complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Many patients receive multiple lines of systemic therapy until cGVHD resolves, but about 15% remain on systemic treatment for more than 7 years after cGVHD diagnosis. This study describes the clinical and biological factors of patients who present with cGVHD persisting for ≥7 years (persistent cGVHD). Patients with persistent cGVHD (n = 38) and those with cGVHD for <1 year (early cGVHD) (n = 83) were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional natural history study. Patients in the persistent cGVHD group were a median of 10.2 years from cGVHD diagnosis (range 7-27 years). Fifty-eight percent of persistent cGVHD patients (22/38) were receiving systemic immunosuppression, compared to 88% (73/83) in the early cGVHD group. In multivariable analysis, bone marrow (BM) stem cell source, presence of ENA autoantibodies, higher NIH lung score, higher platelet counts, and higher IgA levels were significantly associated with persistent cGVHD. A high sensitivity panel of serum biomarkers including seven cytokines diagnostic for cGVHD was analyzed and showed significantly lower levels of BAFF and CXCL10 in patients with persistent cGVHD. In conclusion, standardly accepted clinical measures of disease severity may not accurately reflect disease activity in patients with persistent cGVHD. However, many patients with persistent cGVHD are still receiving systemic immunosuppression despite lacking evidence of disease activity. Development of reliable clinical biomarkers of cGVHD activity may help guide future systemic treatments.     

Systematic review of severe acute liver injury caused by terbinafine

Background Terbinafine is an effective antimicrobial agent against dermatophytes, cryptococcus and other fungi. It is the preferred drug to treat onychomycosis. However, severe acute hepatitis from oral terbinafine administration has been recently reported. Aim To describe a representative case, and review the literature regarding the best evidence on treatment and prognosis of severe acute hepatitis caused by oral terbinafine. Methods The literature was searched for publications on severe hepatitis caused by terbinafine using MEDLINE, China Biology Medicine Disc, and the VIP Medical Information Resource System. Related references were searched manually. Results Seventeen English and three Chinese references of case reports were included after eliminating duplicate publications. No randomized control studies were found. Liver enzyme levels were found to have been increased significantly. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated cholestasis. Conclusions Severe acute liver injury is a known, but unusual complication of terbinafine exposure. The prognosis is often good with appropriate treatment. Liver function assessment before treatment and periodic monitoring 4–6 weeks after initiation of treatment is recommended.