Treatment of hepatoma with liposome-encapsulated adriamycin administered into hepatic artery of rats

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effects of liposome-encapsulated adriamycin (LADM) on hepatoma in comparison with adriamycin solution (FADM) and adriamycin plus blank liposome (ADM BL) administered into the hepatic artery of rats. METHODS: LADM was prepared by pH gradient-driven method. Normal saline, FADM (2 mg/kg), ADM BL (2 mg/kg), and LADM (2 mg/kg) were injected via the hepatic artery in rats bearing liver W256 carcinosarcoma, which were divided into four groups randomly. The therapeutic effects were evaluated in terms of survival time, tumor enlargement ratio, and tumor necrosis degree. The difference was determined with ANOVA and Dunnett test and log rank test. RESULTS: Compared to FADM or ADM BL, LADM produced a more significant tumor inhibition (tumor volume ratio: 1.243±0.523 vs 1.883±0.708, 1.847±0.661, P < 0.01), and more extensive tumor necrosis. The increased life span was prolonged significantly in rats receiving LADM compared with FADM or ADM BL (231.48 vs 74.66, 94.70) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The anticancer efficacies of adriamycin on hepatoma can be strongly improved by liposomal encapsulation through hepatic arterial administration.     

换位体验对ICU护士护理行为影响的观察

[目的]解决ICU护士在工作中由于自身感受不深、操作随意等因素而导致病人舒适度下降的问题,探讨换位体验对ICU护士护理行为影响的效果。[方法]对某医院综合Icu护士进行换位体验,观察其体验前后7个工作日护士更换血压计袖带、血氧饱和度指夹部位的时间等12个项目。采用SPSSll．0软件进行分析。[结果]换位体验前后更换血压计袖带和血氧饱和度监测指夹部位的时间、同病人讲话时的距离、病人手被约束后的活动度、操作处置前的告知、侧卧时血压计袖带位置和手约束位置、掀开被子的动作幅度差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈O．01）。[结论]对IcU护士的教育和培养应从感受做起,换位体验可以使护士体会到ICU病人的心情和不舒适感,能有效促进其采取良好的护理行为。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病与冠状动脉疾病之间的双向关系

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)与冠状动脉疾病(coronary artery disease,CAD)不仅有吸烟这一相同的危险因素,而且还具有流行病学关系.有充分的证据表明在CAD患者中发生COPD十分普遍,但常被漏诊,反之亦然.这两种疾病的晚期...     

生髓健骨胶囊对酒精性骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、骨矿含量影响的研究

目的从基因分子水平探讨酒精性骨质疏松(alcoholic osteoporosis,AOP)大鼠的发病机制,观察生髓健骨胶囊对AOP大鼠骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、骨矿含量(bone mineral content,BMC)表达的影响,探讨生髓健骨胶囊对AOP大鼠模型的中药防治作用机理。方法选取成年雄性(清洁级)SD大鼠120只,称体重,随机分为4组,每组各30只,用白酒灌胃法造模,同时分别给予生理盐水、碳酸钙阿法D3、生髓健骨胶囊灌胃给药。于造模8、12、16周末取材,检测股骨上端BMD、BMC指标。结果检测造模干预8、12、16周后BMD、BMC指标变化,模型组BMD、BMC与正常组比较明显降低,且差异有统计学意义(P0.01),结果表明饮酒大鼠确实存在骨量减少,BMD、BMC降低;中药干预组BMD、BMC与模型组相比显著升高(P0.01);中药干预组BMD、BMC与西药对照组相比,明显升高(P0.05)。结论通过观察生髓健骨胶囊对AOP大鼠的实验指标,证明了生髓健骨胶囊能够提高AOP大鼠骨密度,增加骨矿含量,抑制矿物质丢失,改善大鼠的骨代谢。     

彩色多普勒和彩色能量图在诊断乳腺癌中的价值

目的应用CDFI和CDE观测乳腺肿块的血流特点,评价其在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿块方面的意义。方法应用CDFI和CDE检测145个乳腺肿块,并与病理结果对照。按肿块大小分为Ⅰ组(直径>2.0cm)和Ⅱ组(直径≤2.0cm)。观察肿块二维和彩色血流特点并用频谱3个参数进行定量分析。结果①CDFI显示:恶性肿块血流显示率明显高于良性;Ⅱ组乳腺良、恶性肿块SPV、PI、RI均有显著差异,Ⅰ组则不明显。②CDE显示:血流检出率恶性高于良性,良性肿块以0'型或Ⅰ'型为主,多表现为环绕、点线状血流;恶性肿块以Ⅲ'型或Ⅳ'型为主,表现为穿入、转折和增粗分叉。③联合应用CDFI与CDE对两组肿块诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为95.24%、86.67%、91.67%和93.94%、85.00%、89.04%,明显高于单独应用CDFI或CDE。结论乳腺癌的CDFI和CDE血流检出率均高于良性;SPV、PI、RI可作为小乳癌的鉴别诊断指标之一;联合应用CDFI和CDE能够明显提高乳腺癌的诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性。     

卵巢癌中Pokemon的表达及临床意义

[目的]探讨Pokemon在人卵巢癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。[方法]采用免疫组化方法检测Pokemon在50例卵巢癌组织中的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系。[结果]Pokemon在卵巢癌组织中的阳性表达率为84％,卵巢交界性肿瘤中的阳性表达率为25％．正常卵巢组织中为5％,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Pokemon过表达与卵巢癌组织分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关（P〈0．05）,而与患者年龄无关（P〉0．05）。[结论]Pokemon在卵巢癌组织中高表达,并与卵巢癌组织分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关,在卵巢癌的发生发展中起重要作用。     

Modulation of cellular and humoral immune responses to anHIV-1 DNA vaccine by interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 DNA immunization

Thereismountingevidencethattheinductionofstrongmucosalandcell mediatedimmuneresponsesarekeyelementstoconsiderinconstructingefficaciousHIV 1vac cine .TherapeuticvaccinesthatinducehighlevelsofCTLspecifictoHIVarecurrentlybeingdevelopedworldwide .NucleicacidimmunizationisanewvaccinationtechniquewhichdeliversDNAconstructsencodingaspecificimmuno genintothehost[1] .InadditiontotheabilityoftheDNAvaccinetoinducebothantigen specificcellularandhumor alimmuneresponses ,thistechniquehasthepotentialto…     

Application of CT perfusion imaging to the histological differentiation of adrenal gland tumors

Background

CT perfusion imaging has been used in diagnosis and classification of tumors widely and in assess tumor angiogenesis in some organs. However, there are few reports describing CT perfusion imaging of adrenal gland tumors.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the application of CT perfusion imaging in analysis of angiogenesis in adrenal tumors and in diagnosis of adrenal tumors.

Patients and methods

Forty four patients with adrenal gland tumors (26 with adenomas and 18 with nonadenomas) were enrolled in this study. CT scan of adrenal glands was performed with the perfusion of non-ionic contrast medium Ultravist. The obtained images were processed with deconvolution algorithms-based perfusion software and then perfusion parameter maps and values (blood flow, blood volume, mean transit time, and permeability surface-area production) were generated and analyzed respectively.

Results

Univariate multivariate logistic regression indicated that blood volume (OR: 1.261, 95% CI: 1.056, 1.505, P = 0.010) was associated with the likelihood of adrenal adenoma. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the blood volume value of ≥9.325 ml min⁻¹ 100 g⁻¹ predicted adrenal adenoma with sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 73.2%. In addition, permeability surface-area production in adenoma was higher than in non-adenoma (27.11 ± 15.45 vs. 16.76 ± 14.44 ml min⁻¹ 100 g⁻¹, P < 0.05). The other parameters had no clear prognostic significance.

Conclusions

CT perfusion imaging can quantitatively distinguish adrenal gland tumors with different histological characteristics. Especially, blood volume can be used in differentiating adrenal adenomas from nonadenomas.     

Characteristics of the macula in amblyopic eyes by optical coherence tomography

AIM: To test the hypothesis that amblyopic neuroretina may have an altered thickness when compared to the normal. METHODS: Twenty-five amblyopic, young patients between the ages of 7 and 11 years old were studied. The interested neuroretina areas are defined into 10 sub-regions according to superior-inferior, nasal-temoral, and peri-para axis, which cross the fovela structure. The thicknesses of ten, defined macular regions were separately measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and analyzed by t-test. RESULTS: The average thickness of neuroretina in the exact foveola of the amblyopic eyes is larger than that of normal eyes (P<0.05), but the other nine regions have no significant difference. Interestingly, in both the normal and amblyopic eyes, the temporal area looks thinner than other quadrants (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Thickness alteration may be associated with amblyopic disorders in young patients. Studying a larger volume of subjects of similar age is required to confirm this observation.