2004-2009年福建省丙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

目的 探讨福建省丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)的流行病学特征.方法 采用描述流行病学方法对资料进行统计分析,并对2004-2009年丙肝月发病率用ARIMA模型拟合并与实际发病率比较.结果 2004-2009年福建省丙肝年平均发病率为2.51/10万,发病总体呈现逐年升高的趋势,无明显的季节性趋势.莆田地区的发病数与发病率居全...     

福建省三城市男男性行为人群艾滋病相关影响因素调查

目的了解福建省男男性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病相关知识、行为以及相关疾病感染情况,为今后在该人群中开展艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法制定统一的调查问卷,采用分类滚雪球的方法找到目标人群,由经过统一培训的调查员单独对目标人群进行一对一的访谈收集相关信息,”在知情同意的情况下,采集静脉血5ml,进行艾滋病病毒（HIV）抗体检测（初筛ELESA法,确证WB法）,梅毒抗体RPR检测。结果共调查966人,艾滋病基本知识知晓率为89．9％;最近一次男男肛交安全套使用率为71．3％;其中936人接受采血检测,HIV感染率为3．0％,梅毒（RPR）感染率为10．8％。结论MSM人群存在艾滋病知识与行为悖离现象;艾滋病、梅毒等性传播疾病流行形势严峻,应加强该人群的艾滋病防治管理工作。     

2002～2008年莆田市实施现代结核病控制策略效果评价

目的分析评价莆田市2002—2008年实施现代结核病控制策略效果。方法对2002～2008年莆田市结核病控制项目月报表、季报表、年报表及相关资料进行分析和评价。结果莆田市以县（区）为单位DOTS策略覆盖率达100％,涂阳肺结核登记率达43．97／10万,涂阳肺结核病人治愈率达90．61％,3个指标均达到卫生部要求的目标,取得了很大的社会效益和经济效益。结论莆田市通过开展世行贷款,英国赠款中国结核病控制项目（简称卫X项目）,实施现代结核病控制策略取得显著成效。     

2009年福建省部分健康人群腮腺炎血清抗体水平分析

[目的]了解福建省健康人群流行性腮腺炎基础抗体水平,评价疫苗接种需求。[方法]2009年3月,在福建省沿海和山区各机械随机选取4个县(区)、在当地居住3个月以上的0~63岁健康人群检测流行性腮腺炎IgG抗体。[结果]检测2 092人,腮腺炎病毒IgG抗体阳性率为61.23%,抗体几何平均滴度为103.03 IU/ml。腮腺炎病毒IgG抗体阳性率,沿海地区为61.90%,山区为59.74%(P>0.05);男性为58.85%,女性为63.44%(P<0.05);0岁为22.90%,1岁为26.00%,2岁为56.00%,3岁为60.00%,4岁为71.80%,5~9岁为66.50%,10~14岁为66.70%,15~19岁为81.50%,20~29岁为87.80%,30~63岁为86.20%。不同年龄IgG抗体阳性率与2009年该地区腮腺炎发病率不存在相关关系(r=0.11,P>0.05)。[结论]福建省健康人群流行性腮腺炎抗体水平较低。     

漳州市不同人群吸烟现状及知识态度调查

目的了解福建省漳州市居民吸烟现状及吸烟危害知识以及对公共场所禁烟态度。方法在医疗、教育、机关、餐馆/公共汽车站候车室/网吧4类机构和场所随机抽取911名人员进行面对面问卷调查。结果吸烟216人,吸烟率为23.71%,其中,医疗机构人员吸烟率为19.81%(63/318),教育机构为18.86%(66/350)、机关为34.38%(22/64),餐馆/公共汽车站候车室/网吧为36.31%(65/179)。被动吸烟538人,总暴露率59.06%;人群知晓吸烟会危害吸烟者健康的比例>95%,而知晓吸烟会给被动吸烟者健康造成危害比例则<90%,对被动吸烟造成的健康危害知哓率则更低。结论餐馆/公共汽车站候车室/网吧等场所吸烟率和被动吸烟暴露率均高于其他机构,而对吸烟知识知晓率和对公共场所禁烟支持率却低于其他机构。     

福建省2016年恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

目的 分析福建省2016年恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况,为福建省恶性肿瘤防治提供理论依据。方法 整理与评估2016年福建省恶性肿瘤登记数据。将符合标准的数据根据性别、年龄和部位分别计算发病率和死亡率,结合2016年福建省户籍人口,估计福建省恶性肿瘤发病数和死亡数。结果 据估计,2016年福建省新发恶性肿瘤107 498例,死亡61 872例。全省恶性肿瘤发病率为286.72/10万,中标率210.24/10万。全省恶性肿瘤死亡率为165.03/10万,中标率113.90/10万。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和甲状腺癌是福建省最常见的恶性肿瘤。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌是福建省主要的恶性肿瘤死亡原因。结论 目前福建省癌症负担较重,应加强对肺癌、胃癌和肝癌等恶性肿瘤的防治工作。     

The predictive value of procalcitonin for early detection of infection in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveAimed to investigate the predictive value of procalcitonin (PCT) in early detection of infections in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, and to discover the optimum cut-off points of PCT.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted with type 2 diabetic patients (≥65 years) with lung infection (LI), urinary tract infection (UTI) or skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the 3 markers (PCT, WBC count, and CRP) were constructed and compared to assess their accuracies in diagnosing.ResultsAmong the three different groups with LI, UTI or SSTI, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PCT was 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96–0.99, p < 0.05) for the LI group, 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99, p < 0.05) for the UTI group, and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94–1.00, p < 0.05) for the SSTI group. The optimum cut-off point of PCT level was 0.73 ng/mL (Sn 89.7%, Sp 97.7%) for the LI group, 1.48 ng/mL (Sn 88.9%, Sp 100%) for the UTI group, and 0.73 ng/mL (Sn 85.7%, Sp 97.7%) for the SSTI group.ConclusionPCT demonstrated the strongest correlation with each of the infection types, indicating significant diagnostic value. Optimum cut-off points of PCT levels in elderly diabetes were higher.     

Genetically predicted childhood obesity and adult atrial fibrillation: A mendelian randomization study

Background and aimsIt is unclear whether the association of childhood obesity with adult atrial fibrillation observed in observational studies reflects causal effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of childhood obesity with adult atrial fibrillation using genetic instruments.Methods and resultsWe used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to evaluate the association between childhood obesity and adult atrial fibrillation. Two sets of genetic variants (15 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] for childhood body mass index [BMI] and 12 SNPs for dichotomous childhood obesity) were selected as instruments. Summary data on SNP-childhood obesity and SNP-atrial fibrillation associations were obtained from recently published genome-wide association studies. Effect estimates were evaluated using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) methods. Other MR analyses, including MR-Egger, simple and weighted median, weighted MBE and MR-PRESSO methods were performed in sensitivity analyses.The IVW models showed that both a genetically predicted one-standard deviation increase in childhood BMI (kg/m²) and higher log-odds of childhood obesity were associated with a substantial increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11–1.34, P < 0.001; OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.14, P < 0.001). MR-Egger regression showed no evidence of genetic pleiotropy for childhood BMI (intercept = 0.000, 95% CI: ?0.024 to 0.023), but for childhood obesity (intercept = ?0.036, 95% CI: ?0.057 to ?0.015). Similar results were observed using leave-one-out and other MR methods in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsThis MR analysis found a consistent association between genetically predicted childhood obesity and an increased risk of adult atrial fibrillation. Further research is warranted to validate our findings.     

钩端螺旋体EMJH培养基实验室应用

目的 探索柯氏培养基和EMJH培养基在培养钩端螺旋体菌的差异及在钩体病防治上应用价值。方法 观察2种培养基在15群15型钩体培养菌培养过程形态、数量、自凝现象等差异,并对健康人临床疑似钩体病人和暴发流行钩体病人血清进行 MAT试验抗体检测。结果 EMJH培养基接种钩体后第2 d就大量生长繁殖,而柯氏培养基1周后才达繁殖高峰,钩体MAT试验也显示EMJH培养基培养的钩体菌敏感性较柯氏培养基培养菌高。结论 EMJH培养基可用于快速分离钩体,有利于早期确定钩体病的流行和实验室研究。