全文获取类型
收费全文 | 115205篇 |
免费 | 4899篇 |
国内免费 | 1705篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1059篇 |
儿科学 | 2328篇 |
妇产科学 | 489篇 |
基础医学 | 6737篇 |
口腔科学 | 919篇 |
临床医学 | 6828篇 |
内科学 | 4177篇 |
皮肤病学 | 189篇 |
神经病学 | 39362篇 |
特种医学 | 5336篇 |
外国民族医学 | 6篇 |
外科学 | 34011篇 |
综合类 | 6602篇 |
现状与发展 | 8篇 |
一般理论 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 1172篇 |
眼科学 | 708篇 |
药学 | 2800篇 |
63篇 | |
中国医学 | 166篇 |
肿瘤学 | 8843篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2119篇 |
2022年 | 3563篇 |
2021年 | 4345篇 |
2020年 | 4245篇 |
2019年 | 2258篇 |
2018年 | 2526篇 |
2017年 | 2887篇 |
2016年 | 3226篇 |
2015年 | 4188篇 |
2014年 | 7580篇 |
2013年 | 7023篇 |
2012年 | 7037篇 |
2011年 | 6965篇 |
2010年 | 5956篇 |
2009年 | 5083篇 |
2008年 | 4782篇 |
2007年 | 4841篇 |
2006年 | 4294篇 |
2005年 | 3945篇 |
2004年 | 3770篇 |
2003年 | 3460篇 |
2002年 | 3194篇 |
2001年 | 3041篇 |
2000年 | 2802篇 |
1999年 | 2662篇 |
1998年 | 1351篇 |
1997年 | 1136篇 |
1996年 | 1053篇 |
1995年 | 857篇 |
1994年 | 745篇 |
1993年 | 620篇 |
1992年 | 1551篇 |
1991年 | 1457篇 |
1990年 | 1369篇 |
1989年 | 1189篇 |
1988年 | 1021篇 |
1987年 | 611篇 |
1986年 | 242篇 |
1985年 | 336篇 |
1984年 | 292篇 |
1983年 | 204篇 |
1982年 | 298篇 |
1981年 | 222篇 |
1980年 | 181篇 |
1979年 | 167篇 |
1978年 | 174篇 |
1977年 | 120篇 |
1976年 | 104篇 |
1974年 | 89篇 |
1973年 | 97篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
The purpose of this study was to examine nurses' attitudes and knowledge regarding organ procurement. Nurses in critical care areas completed a questionnaire designed to elicit their attitudes toward and knowledge of organ donation. Differences were found between the unit in which nurses worked and the extent to which they would participate in care of a patient for organ donation. Significant relationships were found between the fact that a nurse had previously cared for donors and the degree of comfort felt in obtaining consent, extent to which the nurse would participate in care, and knowledge of organ procurement procedures. The nurses' feelings regarding donation and their degree of comfort in obtaining consent were correlated positively with higher knowledge scores. Knowledge deficits were identified in all areas. Results indicated that although most nurses were supportive of organ procurement, there were aspects with which they were uncomfortable and others in which they lacked knowledge. The study revealed the need for additional awareness and education of nurses in all areas of the organ donation process. 相似文献
992.
Percutaneous transcatheter occlusion of coronary artery fistulas using detachable balloons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Three pediatric patients underwent successful transcatheter coronary artery fistula occlusion using the Debrun system. This
latex balloon system offers several advantages over other occlusion systems. First, the balloon delivery and release is controlled.
Second, “test occlusions” can be performed that allow simultaneous balloon inflation, coronary cineangiography, and electrocardiographic
monitoring. Third, because the balloons are flow-directed, they are easily positioned in properly chosen locations. Finally,
the balloons can be constructed to suit the size of the fistula. In this study, two patients received only one balloon; in
the other patient two balloons were placed in the same fistula. All fistulas drained into either the right atrium or ventricle
and were successfully occluded. After a follow-up period of up to 3 years, no local or systemic reactions to the balloons
were recognized. We conclude that detachable balloon occlusion of coronary artery fistulas is a safe, effective alternative
to surgical ligation in selected pediatric patients. 相似文献
993.
Continuous recording of middle cerebral artery blood velocity in clinical neurosurgery 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Summary Intracranial pressure, arterial blood pressure, and middle cerebral artery blood velocity were monitored for periods from 1 to 10 days in 30 neurosurgical intensive care patients. The recordings revealed rapid changes in the cerebral perfusion and gave insight into individual cerebral haemodynamic states.Twenty patients consistently showed CO2 reactivity within normal limits, between 2.5 and 5% per mm Hg (19–38% per kPa). Severely impaired CO2 reactivity, considerably below 1% per mm Hg (7.5% per kPa) was observed in four patients. Three of these patients died, while the fourth patient survived in a persistent vegetative state.Seven patients demonstrated pressure-passive blood velocity changes throughout the observed CPP range. The four patients with severely impaired CO2 reactivity all belonged to this group. The recordings from three of the remaining 23 patients showed signs of MCA blood velocity autoregulation with a lower regulatory limit of about 40–45 mm Hg. This observation is in keeping with findings from electromagnetic flowmetry on brain arteries in the neurosurgical operating field, and supports blood velocity measurements as a relevant index of brain perfusion in clinical neurosurgery and neuro-intensive care settings. 相似文献
994.
Infratentorial subdural empyema: clinical and computerized tomography findings. Report of three cases 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Infratentorial subdural empyemas are rare. The authors report three cases encountered between 1979 and 1988, representing a 3% incidence among all subdural empyemas. The common source was an ear infection. Clinical presentation encompassed a systemic febrile illness, headaches, and a stiff neck. Only one patient had an inconspicuous focal neurological deficit that suggested a cerebral location. Initial diagnosis was acute meningitis in each case. A lumbar puncture was ordered in all three cases but was actually performed in two without developing tonsillar herniation. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed the diagnosis of meningitis in one but was normal in the other. Computerized tomography allowed a precise diagnosis and localization of the pathology. All three patients received aggressive antibiotic therapy plus suboccipital craniectomy and aspiration of pus; catheter drainage was performed in two. Cultures were positive in one case and negative in the others. Two patients were cured without sequelae; the third patient was moribund at surgery and died. Although it is known that subdural empyemas may localize in the posterior fossa, only one previous report was found. Infratentorial subdural empyema may sometimes be an unrecognized companion of acute meningitis and is cured with antibiotic therapy alone. 相似文献
995.
Foreign-body granuloma as a complication of wrapping and coating an intracranial aneurysm. Case report 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A rare case is presented in which a foreign-body granuloma developed at the site of muslin wrapping and Aron Alpha A coating of an internal carotid artery aneurysm. The importance of avoiding the use of muslin, especially close to the optic nerve and chiasm, is emphasized. 相似文献
996.
J. M. Izquierdo 《Acta neurochirurgica》1990,107(3-4):171-178
Summary We present a programme of Neurosurgery concerning pre- and post-graduate education. Objectives are divided into general objectives, intermediate and specific. We suggest also a syllabus for students and another for residents, containing a list of theoretical lectures, seminars and guidelines for practical tuition.Schedule of training period, services requirements and facilities for didactic purposes are mentioned. In this respect we follow the recent recommendations of the E.A.N.S.We emphasize the need for personal teaching as the only element of general guidance for the programme. We also emphasize the necessity of criticism, change and evolution, in order to perfect the programme we are offering. 相似文献
997.
Surgical pain is followed not only by spinal sensitization but also by supraspinal antinociception 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Wilder-Smith OHG.; Tassonyi E.; Senly C.; Otten P.; Arendt-Nielsen L. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1996,76(6):816-821
Nociception can produce segmental spinal sensitization or descending
supraspinal antinociception. We assessed both types of sensory change after
surgery during isoflurane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia with or without
fentanyl before nociception. Patients undergoing back surgery received
fentanyl 3 micrograms kg-1 (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) before anaesthesia
in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Sensation, pain detection and
tolerance thresholds to electrical stimulation were measured before
operation at the arm, incision and herniated disc dermatomes (HDD) and 1,
2, 4, 6, 24 h and 5 days after operation, together with pain scores and
patient-controlled morphine consumption (duration 24 h). For segmental
effects, thresholds were normalized to the thresholds at a distant
dermatome (arm). Raw pain thresholds were increased after operation
(fentanyl > placebo) and were maximal at 4 h (pain tolerance in HDD:
fentanyl +5.2 mA (+62.7%), placebo, +3.8 mA (+44.2%); P < 0.05 vs
baseline for both). Normalized sensation thresholds decreased for placebo
only (HDD/4 h: placebo, -1.8 (-44.8%), P < 0.05; fentanyl, +0.1 (+5.5%)
ns). All changes returned to baseline by 24 h except for the placebo group
normalized HDD sensation (d5: placebo, -2.4 (-59.7)%, P < 0.05; fentanyl
-0.1 (-5.5%) ns). Pain scores and morphine consumption were similar. The
study demonstrated both supraspinal analgesia and spinal sensitization
after surgery. Fentanyl administration before operation augmented the
former while decreasing the latter, and hence sensitization, especially if
neuropathic, may particularly benefit from pre-emptive analgesia.
相似文献
998.
显微手术辅以内镜切除大型听神经瘤 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
目的 探讨神经内镜辅助的显微神经外科手术治疗大型听神经瘤的临床意义和手术方法。方法 16例大型听神经瘤,均施行患侧枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除,同时辅以神经内镜配合。结果 肿瘤全切除13例,次全切除者3例。面神经保留14例,短期并发症4例。所有患者神经功能均有不同程度的恢复。结论 神经内镜辅助显微手术切除大型听神经瘤,具有微创及提高肿瘤全切除率等优点。 相似文献
999.
Y Iwai A Hakuba J Katsuyama Y Nagata S Nishimura K Abe T Asakura Y Inoue 《No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery》1990,18(1):71-75
Ectopic pituitary adenomas are very rare and only 17 cases have been reported. In this paper we present a case of large pituitary adenoma originating in the suprasellar region. A 26-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with a chief complaint of headaches. Neurological examination revealed slight disorientation and bilateral choked disk. Hormonal study revealed that the serum prolactin level was 3300ng/ml and serum growth hormone level was 29.5ng/ml. Computed tomography showed a large mass in the suprasellar region extending upward to the third ventricle and backward to the pons. T1-weighted MR imaging revealed that the intensity of the mass was the same as that of the cerebral cortex and the pituitary gland was showing high intensity in the pituitary fossa. The tumor was radically removed via the transpetrosal transtentorial approach. Histologically, the tumor was a prolactin-growth hormones producing pituitary adenoma. The literature was reviewed and the origin of the tumor was discussed. 相似文献
1000.
A.V. Chistyakov J.F. Soustiel H. Hafner M. Elron M. Feinsod 《Acta neurochirurgica》1998,140(5):467-462
Summary
This study attempts to find out whether the motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited by single pulse and slow-rate (1 Hz) repetitive
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can disclose concealed subclinical impairments in the cerebral motor system of patients
with minor head injury.
The motor response to single pulse TMS (STMS) of the patient groups was characterized by significantly higher threshold compared
with that of the control group. The central motor conduction time, as well as the peripheral conduction time were normal in
all patients pointing to cortical impairment.
Two main patterns of MEP changes in response to repetitive TMS (RTMS) were observed in the patient group. A. – progressive
decrease of the MEP amplitude throughout the stimulation session to a near complete abolition. B. – irregularity of the amplitude
and the waveform of the MEP in a chaotic form. The MEP latency remained stable during the whole stimulation session. The MEP
abnormalities recovered gradually over the period of a few months.
The higher threshold of the motor response to STMS and the abnormal patterns of the MEP to RTMS seem to reflect transient
impairment of cortical excitability or “cortical fatigue” in patients who sustained minor head injures. Further study is needed
to evaluated the extent and the pathophysiological mechanisms of the central nervous system fatigue phenomenon following head
injury. 相似文献