Functional paraganglioma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava,first case report

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a rare neuroendocrine that tumor originated from the adrenal medulla that secrets catecholamines. Tumors from extra-adrenal chromaffin tissues are called extra-adrenal PHEO or paraganglioma (PGL). To our knowledge, adrenal PHEO and subclinical PGL with inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion had been sporadically reported, while functional PGL with IVC tumor thrombus has not been publicly reported yet. Perioperative management of those diseases is less well established because of their multidisciplinary nature and rarity. We herein present a case of primary malignant PGL with IVC invasion. A 16-year-old female patient with a history of severe paroxysmal hypertension was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital on suspicion of retroperitoneal mass. In-house diagnostic work-up revealed a malignant PGL with IVC invasion, inferior mesenteric artery encasement and, aorta engagement. Multi-disciplinary discussions were held and careful preoperative preparation plans were made. After everything was ready, the functional PGL and tumor thrombus were completely resected, then a reconstruction of IVC was performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 14 and all her clinical symptoms disappeared afterward. No evidence of tumor residual or metastasis was found in the subsequent six months of follow-up. Gene tests were made for her and her family. Albeit its rarity, functional PGL with IVC invasion is not unresectable, a multi-disciplinary task force should be established to settle down every detail. We recommended 3-dimensional imaging reconstruction for gaining a better anatomic understanding. Literature reviews showed that complete resection is the premise of a good prognosis. In particular cases, complementary or alternative therapy like chemotherapy and ¹³¹I-metaiodobenzylguanidine might help, family hereditary genetic tests are advised as well.     

食管癌筛查队列操作流程与建设标准方案探讨

癌症防治工作的重点在于一级预防和二级预防,通过健康教育引起人们对疾病的重视、自觉改变不良行为习惯、主动参加定期体检是防治癌症性价比最高的措施之一。食管癌作为我国疾病负担较重的恶性肿瘤之一,定期筛查和早诊早治是该病防治工作的重点。而队列研究有助于了解食管癌的自然史和危险因素、识别食管癌高危人群。本研究拟从危险因素调查、疾病监测、生物样本信息搜集等方面对食管癌多维动态随访共享队列的建设规范进行探讨,为今后建立规范统一的食管癌筛查队列研究操作流程和建设标准提供参考。     

A nationwide post-marketing survey of knowledge,attitude and practice toward human papillomavirus vaccine in general population: Implications for vaccine roll-out in mainland China

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been increasingly discussed in mainland China since its first approval in 2016. To date, nearly all studies assessing HPV vaccine perceptions and attitudes were implemented during pre-licensure period. Therefore, the nationwide post-marketing survey was conducted to update knowledge, attitudes and practice on HPV vaccine among general population in mainland China.MethodsParticipants aged 18–45 years living in mainland China were recruited in April 2019 by multi-stage non-randomized sampling. Sociodemographic factors, HPV and HPV vaccine related awareness, knowledge, attitudes, vaccine uptake and potential obstacles were assessed in questionnaires. Bivariate analysis and multivariate regression were used to identify disparity among subgroups with different sociodemographic characteristics.Results4,000 women (32.1 ± 7.81y) and 1,000 men (31.8 ± 7.96y) were included in final analysis. Less than one third of participants had heard of HPV (female: 31%; male: 22%) and HPV vaccine (female: 34%; male: 23%). Knowledge score was also unfavorable on HPV (female: 3 out of 13; male: 1.8 out of 13) and HPV vaccine (female: 3 out of 6; male: 2 out of 5). Only 3% females had been vaccinated three years after HPV licensure in China, although willingness to get vaccinated among those unvaccinated were high (mean willingness score ± SD: female: 3.3 ± 0.97; male: 3.0 ± 0.98). Industry of employment and household income were the major factors related to awareness and knowledge of vaccine, whereas HPV and HPV vaccine awareness were key influential factors for willingness. The main obstacles of vaccination were safety concerns, lack of knowledge, and high price of HPV vaccines.ConclusionsFindings highlight a lack of vaccine awareness, knowledge, and poor uptake in mainland China and underscore the necessity of health education campaigns. The identified priority groups, contents to be delivered and practical obstacles could furthermore provide insight into health education to reduce disparities and accelerate HPV vaccine roll-out in China.     

全球乳腺癌筛查指南质量评价

目的对已发表的乳腺癌筛查指南进行质量评价,为我国乳腺癌筛查指南的制订提供借鉴和参考。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台中乳腺癌筛查指南,检索时间为建库至2020年8月。由2名研究人员独立筛选文献和提取资料,采用开发指南研究和评估工具Ⅱ(AGREEⅡ)和国际实践指南报告标准(RIGHT)对纳入的指南进行质量评价。结果共纳入15部乳腺癌筛查指南,其中7部由美国发布,发表年份主要集中在2015-2019年,11部指南有更新版本。AGREEⅡ评价结果显示,严谨性(47.0%±22.1%)和应用性(44.0%±15.1%)得分较低,RIGHT评价结果显示,评审和质量保证(46.7%±39.9%)及资金资助和利益冲突(41.7%±24.4%)报告较差。根据AGREEⅡ整体得分推荐使用的指南共有6部,修改后推荐使用的指南有9部;RIGHT报告水平良好的指南有4部,报告水平一般的指南共11部。综合质量最好的是美国国立综合癌症网络2018年发布的指南(AGREEⅡ:83.3%,RIGHT:80.0%)和美国癌症学会2015年发布的指南(AGREEⅡ:83.3%,RIGHT:85.7%)。结论乳腺癌筛查指南的质量以中等质量为主,应加强对指南的制订过程和质量控制等内容的关注。     

Saltwater fish but not freshwater fish consumption is positively related to handgrip strength: The TCLSIH Cohort Study

Fish contain many important nutrients and are primarily known for high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) content. Studies have shown that supplementation of fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA improves muscle mass and strength. Here, we hypothesized that fish consumption might improve muscle strength. To test this hypothesis, we performed this cross-sectional study (n = 29,084) in Tianjin, China. The frequency of fish consumption was assessed using a valid self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Handgrip strength (HGS) was used as the indicator of muscle strength, and was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. Analysis of covariance was used to examine the relationship between fish consumption and HGS. In men, after adjusted potential confounding factors, the least square means (95% confidence intervals) of HGS across saltwater fish consumption categories were 41.5 (41.1, 43.7) kg for <1 time/week, 44.6 (43.2, 45.8) kg for 1 time/week, and 44.7 (43.3, 46.1) kg for ≥2 to 3 times/week (P for trend <0.001). In men, the least square means (95% confidence intervals) of HGS across the ascending quartiles of dietary n-3 PUFA intake were 43.6 (43.2, 44.4) kg, 43.7 (43.2, 44.6) kg, 44.4 (43.0, 45.8) kg, and 44.6 (43.1, 46.0) kg (P for trend <0.01). The results showed that saltwater fish consumption was positively related to HGS in men, but not in women, suggesting that saltwater fish contain nutrients that may be used to improve HGS.