2016-2019年北京市通州区食源性疾病监测中致泻性大肠埃希菌流行特征分析

目的 了解北京市通州区食源性疾病监测病例中致泻性大肠埃希菌(diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli,DEC)流行特征,为DEC相关食源性疾病的防控提供参考依据.方法 对2016-2019年北京市通州区食源性疾病主动监测的1 675例患者的粪便标本进行DEC菌株分离与鉴定,对DEC感染病例流行特征...     

The association of dietary macronutrients composition with the incidence of cardiovascular disease,using iso-energetic substitution models: Tehran lipid and glucose study

Background and aimsDietary macronutrient composition plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed at assessing the iso-energetic substitution of dietary macronutrients in relation to the incidence of CVD.Materials and resultsThis prospective study was conducted on 5102 individuals of Tehran lipid and glucose study participants, aged 20–70 years who were followed for 5.3 years. A valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. The hazard ratio of CVD for each 5% of energy from macronutrients at the expense of another macronutrient was calculated using the substitution model.During follow-up, a total of 206 CVD outcomes were identified. Mean age of participants (44.2% men) was 47.0 ± 12 and 45.6 ± 11 for men and women, respectively. Substituting 5% of energy from all types of macronutrients by 5% percentage of energy from combined saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was associated with a decrease in the risk of CVD by almost 20%. Higher energy intake from total-, starchy-, and nonstarchy carbohydrates replaced by other macronutrients was not significantly associated with the risk of CVD. Each 5% of energy from animal protein (HR: 1.09 and CI: 1.02–1.16) independently increased the risk of CVD in the adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analyses.ConclusionHigher percentage of energy from animal protein independently increased the risk of CVD, replacement of SFA and MUFA together with other macronutrients was inversely associated with CVD risk.     

通州区3197名学生营养状况9年动态变化分析

目的 分析3197名学生的营养状况动态变化,为通州区开展学生营养状况重点人群干预找到切入点。方法 从2011—2019学年全区学生常规体检数据中,按照城乡及性别的学生人数比例选取有9年完整体检信息的3 197名学生的体检数据,对营养状况各检出率的变化,分性别和城乡在不同学段进行描述性统计、分析。结果 营养不良检出率在小学阶段基本呈下降趋势(17.06%～5.88%),初一阶段检出率最低(4.69%),低于小学各年级(χ2均大于3.84,P<0.05);超重检出率在小学阶段随年级而增加(10.26%～18.64%),初中阶段差异无统计学意义(χ2<3.84,P>0.05);肥胖检出率呈先升高后降低的趋势14.92%～24.93%～18.74%),在四年级时检出率最高(24.93%),初中差异无统计学意义(χ2<3.84,P>0.05);缺铁性贫血检出率呈先降低后升高的趋势(3.03%～0.19%～1.13%),在四年级时检出率最低(0.19%),初中阶段检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2<3.84,P>0.05)。结论 结合通州区学生营养状况的现状,重点关注初中男生的营养不良、小学时期超重和肥胖,建立以低年级为主体、以家庭为单位的健康干预模式。     

通州区3 197名学生肺活量9年追踪观察

  目的  了解通州区学生肺活量动态变化规律及趋势, 为制定针对性的体育锻炼干预措施提供数据支持。  方法  在2011—2019学度通州区学生常规体检数据中, 按照城区、乡镇学生人数比例选取有完整体检信息的3 197名学生9年体检数据, 使用SPSS 17.0对肺活量等筛查数据进行统计分析。  结果  学生的肺活量均值随年级的增加而增加, 除二至五年级和初二、初三年级外, 城区学生肺活量均值均高于乡镇学生(t值分别为11.06, 2.63, 4.44, P值均＜0.05);男生肺活量均值在各年级均高于女生(P值均＜0.05), 男、女生在五年级和初三阶段肺活量呈两次快速增长, 男生两阶段增长幅度较女生大, 分别为277.21和400.20 mL; 肺活量均值表现为肥胖＞超重＞正常体重＞营养不良(P值均＜0.05);女生肺活量评价优秀率在三至初二年级均高于男生(P值均＜0.05);除一、二年级外, 其他年级时肺活量评价优秀率肥胖＞超重＞正常体重＞营养不良; 除三年级阶段差异无统计学意义外, 男生不及格率均高于女生(P值均＜0.05);五年级至初三阶段不及格率均为营养不良＞正常体重＞超重＞肥胖(P值均＜0.05)。不同组别中, 一年级和初一阶段是不及格率的两个波峰, 基本呈先降后升再降的趋势。  结论  通州区学生肺活量水平处于较低水平。学校、家庭和社会应重点关注学生肺活量水平, 针对男生和非正常体重学生增加相关身体功能锻炼应成为增强学生身体素质的重点工作之一。     

Serum uric acid level negatively correlated with the prevalence of clopidogrel low response in patients undergoing antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel

Background and aimsIt has been reported that elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is related to inflammation and potentially to platelet hyper-reactivity. However, the relationship between elevated SUA and residual platelet reactivity is uncertain in patients on dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel.Methods and resultsA cross-sectional cohort study was conducted on 2569 patients undergoing DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel. Patients' SUA levels, residual platelet aggregation, routine blood tests and clinical characteristics were recorded. The relationship between SUA level and residual platelet aggregation was assessed by correlation analysis, and the relationship between SUA level and the prevalence of clopidogrel low response (CLR) was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation (PL_ADP) was higher in normal-SUA group than that in hyperuricemia group [30(21, 40) % vs. 27(19, 39) %, p = 0.032]. No significant difference was found for arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet aggregation (PL_AA) between the two groups [4(2, 5) % vs. 3(2, 5) %, p = 0.557]. The correlation between SUA and PL_ADP was statistically significant(r = −0.115, p < 0.001), while that between SUA and PL_AA was non-significant (r = −0.012, p = 0.643). Using the multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher SUA concentration was associated with a decreased risk of clopidogrel low response (CLR) (OR [95%CI] = 0.997 [0.995–0.999], p = 0.001).ConclusionThis is the largest study to date showing that in patients receiving DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel, SUA is independently and negatively associated with the prevalence of clopidogrel low response.Clinical trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique Identifier: NCT01955200.     

利用文本挖掘技术分析慢性盆腔炎的用药规律

目的:利用文本挖掘技术探索西药、中成药对慢性盆腔炎(chronic pelvic inflammation,CP1)的治疗规律.方法:在中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中收集治疗CPI的相关文献,运用大型数据库(SQL)对数据进行处理,结合人工降噪,分析西药、中成药对CPI的治疗用药规律.结果:甲硝唑、替硝唑、氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、地塞米松等西药依次为治疗CPI文献中出现的高频药物.妇科千金片、康妇消炎栓、桂枝茯苓丸、千金散等依次为治疗CPI文献中出现的高频药物.同时也发现西药、中成药联合治疗CPI的一些规律.结论:利用文本挖掘的方法,从文献报告频数方面呈现了西药、中成药治疗CPI的用药规律,尤其是西药、中成药联合应用很值得进一步的研究.     

助阳温胆汤治疗慢性盆腔疼痛伴焦虑失眠疗效观察

目的 研究运用中药汤剂助阳温胆汤结合西药治疗慢性盆腔疼痛伴焦虑失眠的疗效。方法 随机分两组，A组采用中西药结合治疗，B采用单纯西药治疗，进行治疗前后疼痛程度、精神状态、焦虑、失眠、性功能评分的统计学分析。结果 A组（治疗组）治疗后6周疼痛、抑郁、焦虑、失眠评分及总分下降幅度均明显好于B组（对照组），差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。性功能状态A组与B组治疗均有效，但二者效果无明显差异（P〉0.05），起效时间A组与B组（对照组）有明显差异（P〈0.01），A组起效时间早于B组。以治疗后6周总分评价疗效：A组总显效率75%（48/64），总有效率89%（57/64），B组总显效率46.6%（28/60），总有效率80%（48/60）。两组总显效率有明显差异（P〈0.01），总有效率无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论 中药汤剂助阳温胆汤结合西药治疗慢性盆腔疼痛伴焦虑失眠的疗效明显好于单纯西药治疗。     

推拿按摩联合活血化瘀汤治疗骨伤软组织肿胀的临床效果

目的：探讨对骨伤后肢体软组织的肿胀采用中医推拿按摩手法并联合中药汤剂治疗的临床疗效。方法：2013年8月至2015年6月我科共接诊92例骨伤后期患者。随机分为2组。观察组46例,对其骨伤后软组织的肿胀采用中医推拿按摩手法并联合服用中药汤剂活血化瘀汤进行治疗。对照组46例,仅服用中药汤剂活血化瘀汤。活血化瘀汤口服,1剂/d,1～2次服用,疗程为2周。中医推拿按摩治疗,1次/d,每次20 min,疗程为1个月。比较2组治疗后的临床效果。观察指标包括：肢体肿胀程度的改善、肿胀完全消除时间、患肢的疼痛改善、疗程结束后治疗总有效率。结果：治疗2周、4周后,2个组患肢肿胀程度、疼痛程度均较其治疗前有显著的改善（P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组患肢肿胀以及疼痛程度的改善,均较对照组有统计学意义（P<0.05)。肿胀完全消除时间,观察组为（34.3±4.6)d,对照组为（41.5±5.7)d,2个组的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)。治疗结束后评估,观察总有效率94.5%,对照组为73.4%,2个组的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)。结论：中医推拿按摩手法联合中药活血化瘀汤,可在更短时间内消除骨伤后期肢体软组织的肿胀,有效减轻患者患肢疼痛,临床效果满意。     

硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)联合清肝降压胶囊治疗老年性高血压疗效观察

目的观察硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)联合清肝降压胶囊治疗老年性高血压的疗效。方法将就诊的老年性高血压患者120例随机分为3组,每组40例,分别口服硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)、清肝降压胶囊、硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)联合清肝降压胶囊,比较治疗前后患者血压情况。结果治疗前3组血压无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后均有所降低,且清肝降压胶囊联合硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)组效果更明显(P<0.05)。结论硝苯地平缓释片(I)联合清肝降压胶囊对老年性高血压的降压效果明显优于单纯硝苯地平缓释片(Ⅰ)和清肝降压胶囊,疗效确切,安全性高,不良反应少。     

MicroRNA-128a-induced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells contributes to pre-eclampsia

IntroductionPre-eclampsia (PE) can endanger the survival of the mother and fetus. Currently, the pathogenesis of PE is not completely understood and no fundamental therapeutics are available. The present study was performed to determine the function of miR-128a in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells and to ascertain its underlying role in the pathogenesis of PE.MethodsWe investigated the function of miR-128a in HTR-8/SVneo cells by overexpressing. We analyzed the apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells by performing apoptosis assays and measured the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δym), the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase activity. In addition, miR-128a target genes were predicted.ResultsUsing computer-based programs, we identified Bax as a direct target of miR-128a. In the apoptosis assays of HTR-8/SVneo cells, miR-128a decreased the Δψm, depleted ATP levels and increased ROS generation, cytochrome c release as well as caspase activation. Further studies showed that miR-128a induced the apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells by down-regulating Bax through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.ConclusionsmiR-128a is an up-regulated miRNA in patient with PE. Our study demonstrated that the miR-128a-induced apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells may contribute to PE and miR-128a may be a novel potential therapeutic target for PE.