Longer Operative Time Results in a Higher Rate of Subsequent Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients Undergoing Primary Joint Arthroplasty

Background

Whether prolonged operative time is an independent risk factor for subsequent surgical site infection (SSI) and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remains a clinically significant and underexplored issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between operative time and the risk of subsequent SSI and PJI in patients undergoing primary TJA.

Neuromuscular block with vecuronium reduces the rapidly extracted auditory evoked potentials index during steady state anesthesia

PURPOSE: During clinical monitoring, vecuronium appeared to reduce the rapidly extracted auditory evoked potentials index (A-line ARX index or AAI) to some extent. A prospective and randomized study was designed to analyze this phenomenon. METHODS: Forty adult patients undergoing elective surgery were studied. After tracheal intubation, anesthesia was maintained with an end-tidal isoflurane concentration (F(ET)ISO) of 1.0% for 20 min, then a 10-mL dose of either vecuronium 0.05 mg*kg(-1), 0.1 mg*kg(-1), 0.2 mg*kg(-1) or saline was administered in a randomized, double-blind design. The AAI and bispectral index (BI(hx)) were monitored throughout the study and analyzed off-line. RESULTS: BI(hx) was unaltered after the administration of saline or vecuronium. The mean of the averaged (per patient) AAI values recorded from two minutes to ten minutes after the administration of saline or vecuronium 0.05 mg*kg(-1) did not differ significantly from the corresponding mean recorded from 15 min to 20 min after F(ET)ISO maintained 1.0% (P = 0.678, 0.169), however after the administration of vecuronium 0.1 mg*kg(-1) or 0.2 mg*kg(-1), AAI was reduced from 18.3, 18.0 to 14.8, 13.4 (P = 0.016, 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Neuromuscular block with vecuronium reduces AAI in patients during steady state anesthesia without surgical stimuli, while BI(hx) is unaltered. The cut-off values of AAI for events should be determined according to the level of neuromuscular blockade when monitoring the depth of anesthesia/sedation.     

Innervation of the trapezius muscle: is cervical contribution important to its function?

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the cervical plexus and the accessory nerve to the function of the trapezius muscle. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The neurotomies were performed in the left sides and the right sides served as within-subject controls. In group A, the accessory nerve was transected. The C2-5 were transected in group B, and both of the accessory nerve and C2-5 were cut in group C. The electrophysiologic, myophysiologic, and histologic changes of the muscles were measured. RESULTS: There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the three groups in the recovery rates of the transverse area of the muscles. The CMAP recorded from the experimental sides in group B were similar to the control sides. The values of the maximum tension of the tetanus contraction between the two sides showed no differences either (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The accessory nerve supplies the most important motor input to the trapezius. Motor innervations of the cervical plexus are not very significant.     

小肠吸收胆固醇的分子生物学研究进展

胆固醇通过分布于十二指肠和近段空肠黏膜上皮细胞刷状缘膜的Niemann—Pick C1样蛋白1摄取，ATP结合盒G5、G8抑制小肠对胆固醇的摄取过程。进入上皮细胞的胆固醇大多数被乙酰辅酶A，胆固醇转乙酰基酶2酯化，随后通过组装形成乳糜微粒，经淋巴管进入血循环；另一部分胆固醇则以未酯化形式直接进入血循环形成高密度脂蛋白颗粒。这些过程受核受体——肝脏X受体的调控。年龄、性别、黏膜屏障和小肠传输速度也影响胆固醇的吸收。     

The prevalence of LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in Chinese Han population with Parkinson's disease.

We conducted a case-control study to determine the prevalence of the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in patients with Parkinson's disease in Han population in mainland China. Heterozygous LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant was identified in 14 of 235 patients with Parkinson's disease (5.69%), but not in 214 unrelated healthy controls. Multivariate analysis indicated the frequency of Gly2385Arg variant in the female patients with early age at onset is higher than their male counterparts. The founder haplotype analysis showed the variant carriers shared the same founder. Clinically, the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg carriers presented with classical Parkinson's disease symptoms. Our study indicates that the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant is a potential ethnic-specific genetic risk factor of Parkinson's disease within Chinese Han ethnicity.     

大学生个体印象管理对其社会网络质量的影响

目的:研究个体印象管理对其社会网络质量的影响。方法:选用社会网络调查法、大学生印象管理量表,对46名大学生进行调查。结果:印象管理建构的提高不利于朋友网和沟通网的强联系人数量的增加(β分别为-1.04和-1.33,P分别小于0.05和0.01;F值分别为4.19和6.45,P分别小于0.05和0.01),而印象管理动机对强联系人的数量并没有影响,并且印象管理动机和印象管理结构都不影响个体为中心网络的紧密性。结论:只有个体印象管理的建构部分不利于其社会网络中的强联系人数量的增加。其他部分对社会网络无明显影响。     

Analysis of Electromagnetic Exposure in Wireless Power Transfer System for Endoscopic Micro-robot

A wireless power transfer system for endoscopic micro-robot operating at 36 kHz is presented in this paper. The issue of patient＇ s health and safety regarding exposure to the electromagnetic field is addressed. The specific absorption rate and current density can be used to investigate the electromagnetic influences on the biological tissues surrounded by the wireless power launching coil. In view of this purpose, the limited close-ound solenoid electromagnetic model is built, the relationship between the electric intensity and the specific absorption rate and current density is deduced, and the simulation experiments are done. Experimental results show that the values of SAR and current density related to different tissue catalogs are all very small and do not exceed their own limits respectively when the resonance frequency of operation is 36 kHz.     

TRP超家族与肾脏

TRP(Transient receptor potentical)家族是非选择性阳离子通道家族，近来发现其与肾脏关系密切，如调节肾小管离子转运，肾脏微循环等。TRP通道异常可导致遗传性局灶节段硬化性肾病（FSGS），常染色体显性遗传多囊肾(ADPKD)，低镁血症继发低钙血症(HSH)等，对TRP通道的进一步研究将有助于临床肾脏病的防治。     

计算机辅助全膝置换中股骨力线定位精度的实验研究

摘要利用光学定位追踪仪确定全膝置换中患者的股骨头中心从而确定其股骨力线，在力线的定位精度分析中，首次采用股骨的三维重建模型进行精度校验。实验结果表明通过追踪固定于股骨末端的刚性定位器即能确定精确的股骨力线，与传统的髓内定位相比，不仅可重复性好，而且大大地提高了术中股骨力线的位置精度，将其位置偏差减小到10以内。