一种适用于聚合酶链反应的常见念珠菌基因组DNA提取方法的研究

目的介绍一种简单、快速的真菌DNA提取方法,提高真菌DNA提取效率,减少毒性和污染性,以适应临床研究需要。方法同时用溶细胞酶结合Biospin真菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)法,提取白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌和净平滑念珠菌基因组DNA,用A260/A280的比值检测DNA的纯度并计算质量浓度,同时行聚合酶链反应(PCR)以评价其可靠性。结果溶细胞酶结合Biospin真菌基因组DNA提取试剂成功提取所用真菌基因组DNA,其纯度及质量浓度能满足PCR反应的要求。结论用溶细胞酶结合Biospin真菌基因组DNA提取试剂提取DNA,简单、快速、高效,可用于PCR反应。     

99mTc-depreotide生长抑素受体显像的临床应用研究

生长抑素受体显像近年来研究较多，depreotide已成为其研究热点之一。Depreotide在诊断与鉴别诊断临床常见的孤立性肺结节方面有其独特优势；此外，^99mTc—depreotide生长抑素受体显像在乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、淋巴瘤等肿瘤及甲状腺相关性眼病等非肿瘤性疾病也有一定应用前景。     

联带运动性耳鸣

目的：探讨联带运动性鸣的发生机制,临床表现及治疗。     

早期声门癌显微手术治疗的临床观察

目的 提高早期声门癌患者术后生存质量,获得良好的发音效果。方法 在支撑喉镜、显微镜下对２２例早期声门癌（Ｔ１ａ１６例,原位癌６例）患者采用激光探刀切割,为了避免残留肿瘤,采用激光探头对创面及切缘汽化,并对术前、术后进行声学参数的客观分析及纤维喉镜检查,评估声带情况。结果 术后３年复发率为９．０％（２／２２）,３、４、５年生存率分别为１００％、９４．７％、９３．３％。患者术后比术前嗓音明显好转,但不     

Effect of superantigen on ion electrophysiology and permeability in rabbit maxillary sinus epithelia

Objective Superantigens are potent inflammatory stimuli which derive from pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of superantigens on the function of rabbit maxillary sinus epithelium. Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups. Rabbit sinus mucosa was separated under a surgical microscope and mounted in Ussing chambers to record short circuit current, conductance and permeability to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Group A was used as normal control. Group B was stimulated with an injection of superantigen into the sinus for 4 hours. The sinus mucosa of Group C was stimulated by the addition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) into Ussing chambers. Group D sinus mucosa was stimulated by superantigen after pretreatment with anti-TNF-α antibody. Results Superantigen evoked increases in sinus epithelial cell baseline short circuit current, conductance and permeability to HRP stimulated by the addition of TNF-α into Ussing chambers. These were similar to results from superantigen stimulation in vivo. The effect of superantigen on sinus epithelial cells could be blocked by pretreatment with anti-TNF-α antibody. Conclusions Superantigen affected the function of sinus epithelial cells, including the capability of epithelial defensive barrier, which might be mediated by TNF-α.     

The role of bDMARDs in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A systematic literature review

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a group of different conditions typically affecting striate muscle, lung, joints, skin and gastrointestinal tract. Treatment typically relies on glucocorticoids and synthetic immunosuppressants, but the occurrence of refractory, difficult to treat, manifestations, may require more aggressive treatment, borrowed from other autoimmune diseases, including biologic disease modifying drugs (bDMARDs). In this regard, we conducted a systemic literature review in order to depict the current evidence about the use of bDMARDs in IIM. A total of 78 papers, published during the last 21 years, were retrieved. The majority of patients was treated with TNF-α inhibitors, whose effectiveness was assessed particularly in recalcitrant striate muscle, skin and joints involvement. Rituximab, whose evidence is supported by a large number of real-life studies and trials, seems to be an excellent option in case of ILD and anti-synthetase syndrome, while Tocilizumab, despite not meeting primary and secondary endpoints in a recently published clinical trial, proved its effectiveness in rapidly progressing ILD. Similarly, Abatacept, studied in a phase IIb clinical trial with conflicting evidence, was reported to be effective in some case reports of refractory dermatomyositis. Less data exist for anti-IL1 and anti-IL23 agents, which were employed particularly for inclusion body myositis and severe skin disease, respectively. This study provides an organ-focused assessment of bDMARDs in IIM, which display encouraging results in the treatment of refractory subsets of disease.     

膀胱移行细胞癌微卫星不稳定性及其机制的研究

目的　探讨膀胱移行细胞癌 (BTCC)染色体微卫星不稳定性的表现及与基因突变的关系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)方法检测 4 0例 BTCC患者 5个微卫星位点的改变 ,同时用同样的方法检测癌组织中BAX基因和转化生长因子 (TGF) - β 型受体基因移码突变的情况。结果　至少发生一个微卫星位点改变的阳性率为 82 % (33/ 4 0 ) ,D9S16 2、D16 S4 76、D9S5 4、FGA和干扰素 (IFN) - A1位点改变各自的阳性率分别为 5 8%(2 3/ 4 0 )、 4 2 % (17/ 4 0 )、 38% (15 / 4 0 )、 4 8% (19/ 4 0 )和 5 5 % (2 2 / 4 0 ) ,阳性检出率与良性病变差异有显著性 ,与肿瘤的分期分级无显著相关性。发生微卫星改变的 33例中 ,33% (11/ 33)和 4 2 % (14 / 33)分别可见 TGF- β 型受体基因和 BAX基因的移码突变。结论　检测染色体微卫星的改变是 BTCC早期诊断、监测复发的有效手段 ,染色体微卫星改变可能是 BTCC发生过程中多基因突变的一种表现形式     

Acute myocardial infarct size reduction by timolol administration

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the effects of timolol administered early during the evolution of acute myocardial infarction. Of 144 patients entered into the trial, 73 were assigned to timolol and 71 to placebo. The 2 groups were well matched at baseline. The timolol group had reduced myocardial ischemia and infarct size as measured by an accelerated reduction of ST-vector magnitude, a significant reduction of creatine kinase (CK) release and significantly smaller changes in QRS vector variables. The predicted maximal QRS vector change and cumulative CK release for any given initial ST-vector magnitude was significantly reduced in the timolol-treated patients. Furthermore, QRS evolution time and CK release time were significantly reduced after intravenous timolol, as were the need for analgesics and the pain scores. Timolol treatment was well tolerated overall.     

引线硅胶管植入术治疗单纯泪小点狭窄或闭锁的疗效观察

目的:观察引线硅胶管植入术治疗单纯泪小点狭窄或闭锁的临床疗效。方法:单纯泪小点狭窄或闭锁患者42例72眼,按照年龄分成60岁以上及以下两组。局部麻醉下行引线硅胶管植入术,术后给予局部消炎抗感染治疗。术后冲洗泪道1次/wk,共4次,1～3mo后拔管,计算治愈率,并行卡方检验。结果:所有患者术中均成功植入引线硅胶管。平均观察14mo。治愈59眼(82%),好转8眼(11%),无效5眼(7%)。60岁以上组治愈率、有效率均较60岁以下组低。结论:引线硅胶管植入术治疗单纯泪小点狭窄或闭锁,操作简便、创伤小、效果好、值得临床推广。